scholarly journals Sex Differences in MRI-Based Metrics of Glioma Invasion and Brain Mechanics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barrett J. Anderies ◽  
Sara F. Yee ◽  
Pamela R. Jackson ◽  
Cassandra R. Rickertsen ◽  
Andrea J. Hawkins-Daarud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Glioma Invasion ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Tumor Stiffness ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractGliomas are brain tumors characterized by highly variable growth patterns. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the cornerstone of glioma diagnosis and management planning. However, glioma features on MRI do not directly correlate with tumor cell distribution. Additionally, there is evidence that glioma tumor characteristics and prognosis are sex-dependent. Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) is an imaging technique that allows interrogation of tissue stiffness in-vivo and has found utility in the imaging of several cancers. We investigate the relationship between MRI features, MRE features, and growth parameters derived from an established mathematical model of glioma proliferation and invasion. Results suggest that both the relationship between tumor volume and tumor stiffness as well as the relationship between the parameters derived from the mathematical model and tumor stiffness are sex-dependent. These findings lend evidence to a growing body of knowledge about the clinical importance of sex in the context of cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.

A Cadaveric and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Investigation of the Salpingopharyngeus

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Karen Perta ◽  
Eileen Kalmar ◽  
Youkyung Bae
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Velopharyngeal Function ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The aim of the study was to update our information regarding the salpingopharyngeus (SP) muscle using cadaveric and in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. Primary objectives were to (a) observe the presence/absence of the muscle and (b) quantify and describe its dimensions and course. Method SP specimens from 19 cadavers (10 women, nine men) were analyzed. Following head bisection, measurements of SP, including width of the cartilaginous attachment (CW) and width of the superior muscle base (SMW), were taken before and after removal of the overlying mucosa. In addition, SP was analyzed in 15 healthy subjects (eight men, seven women) using high-resolution three-dimensional MRI data. CW and SMW measures were replicated in the paraxial MRI view. Results The presence of the salpingopharyngeal fold and muscle was confirmed bilaterally in all cadaveric and living subjects. Following mucosa removal, mean cadaveric CW and SMW measurements were 5.6 and 3.8 mm, respectively. Mean in vivo CW and SMW were 6.1 and 3.7 mm, respectively. Results from the hierarchical regression analyses revealed that, in both cadaveric and living groups, SMW is dependent on the relationship between age and body weight, after controlling for sex. Conclusions The salpingopharyngeal fold and SP muscle are always present bilaterally and can be quantified at the superior origin using both cadaveric and in vivo three-dimensional MRI data. Though both the superior origin and inferior course of SP are highly variable, the size of the SP muscle is dependent on characteristics known to affect muscle fibers, such as the relationship between age and body weight. Given the consistent and quantifiable presence of the SP muscle, its potential role in velopharyngeal function for speech and swallowing is reconsidered. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14347859

Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in multiple sclerosis

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 320-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Filippi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tissue Loss ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
The Past ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

Gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is very sensitive in the detection of active lesions of multiple sclerosis (MS) and has become a valuable tool to monitor the evolution of the disease either natural or modified by treatment. In the past few years, several studies, on the one hand, have assessed several ways to increase the sensitivity of enhanced MRI to disease activity and, on the other, have investigated in vivo the nature and evolution of enhancing lesions using different non-conventional MR techniques to better define the relationship between enhancement and tissue loss in MS. The present review is a summary of these studies whose results are discussed in the context of MS clinical trial planning and monitoring.

The relationship between disease symptoms and parasite growth in bacterial blight of cotton

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Lesion Length ◽  
Lesion Development ◽  
Disease Symptoms ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Distinct Period

SummaryLesion development and growth of Xanthomonas malvacearum (E. F. Smith) Dowson were followed in seedlings of different cultivars of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) after inoculation of hypocotyls. There was a close relationship between numbers of the parasite and length of hypocotyl lesion. Disease development could be accurately determined by measurement of lesion length from 2 to 3 days after inoculation until growth of the parasite ceased. Growth patterns of the parasite in vivo took the form of a distinct period of exponential (phase 1) growth followed by relatively little, if any, further increase in numbers (phase 2 growth). The duration of phase 1 growth was related to host resistance and environmental factors.

scholarly journals Measuring Brain Tumor Growth: Combined Bioluminescence Imaging–Magnetic Resonance Imaging Strategy

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 7290.2009.00023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah C. Jost ◽  
Lynne Collins ◽  
Sarah Travers ◽  
David Piwnica-Worms ◽  
Joel R. Garbow
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Bioluminescence Imaging ◽  
Small Animal ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Oncology Research

Small-animal tumor models are essential for developing translational therapeutic strategies in oncology research, with imaging having an increasingly important role. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) offers tumor localization, volumetric measurement, and the potential for advanced physiologic imaging but is less well suited to high-throughput studies and has limited capacity to assess early tumor growth. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) identifies tumors early, monitors tumor growth, and efficiently measures response to therapeutic intervention. Generally, BLI signals have been found to correlate well with magnetic resonance measurements of tumor volume. However, in our studies of small-animal models of malignant brain tumors, we have observed specific instances in which BLI data do not correlate with corresponding MRIs. These observations led us to hypothesize that use of BLI and MRI together, rather than in isolation, would allow more effective and efficient measures of tumor growth in preclinical studies. Herein we describe combining BLI and MRI studies to characterize tumor growth in a mouse model of glioblastoma. The results led us to suggest a cost-effective, multimodality strategy for selecting cohorts of animals with similar tumor growth patterns that improves the accuracy of longitudinal in vivo measurements of tumor growth and treatment response in preclinical therapeutic studies.

scholarly journals EFEK KERAGAMAN TIPE HABITAT TERHADAP STRUKTUR POPULASI DAN MORFOMETRIK ABALON HALIOTIS ASININA LINNAEUS, 1758

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Ermayanti Ishak ◽  
Isdradjad Setyobudiandi ◽  
Fredinan Yulianda ◽  
Mennofatria Boer ◽  
Bahtiar Bahtiar
Keyword(s):  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Haliotis Asinina ◽  
Rocky Habitats ◽  
The Relationship

Abstrak:  Abalon (H.asinina) adalah kelompok gastropoda laut bernilai komersial dan tersebar di perairan Soropia Sulawesi Tenggara.  H. asinina menyukai tipe habitat khusus, seperti habitat berbatu yang ditumbuhi alga dan habitat padang lamun. Bokori dan Toronipa mewakili 2 tipe habitat khusus tersebut yang lokasinya berada di perairan Soropia. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji pertumbuhan populasi abalon (H. asinina) pada habitat yang berbeda melalui hubungan dimensi morfometrik, faktor kondisi, dan komposisi kelompok ukuran. Data pertumbuhan dianalisis dengan persamaan regresi non linier menggunakan program data analisis dalam MS. Excel 2010. Hubungan antara L dengan Wt dan L dengan Lc di 2 lokasi menunjukkan hubungan yang positif dan kuat (R2 < 70%), sedangkan hubungan antara L dengan dimensi lainnya seperti Bc, Tc, Lc, dan Vc menunjukkan hubungan yang lemah.  Pola pertumbuhan di Bokori terdiri atas pertumbuhan isometrik dan alometrik negatif, sedangkan Toronipa, pola pertumbuhannya alometrik negatif.   Faktor kondisi rata-rata berfluktuasi setiap bulan dengan nilai tertinggi di Bokori. Perairan Bokori didominasi oleh persentase kelompok juvenil sebesar 52.22% pada kelas ukuran 27.4-49.62 mm. Toronipa didominasi oleh persentase kelompok dewasa sebesar 66.67% pada kelas ukuran 50.62-84.42 mm. Keragaman tipe habitat memengaruhi parameter pertumbuhan abalon (H.asinina). Hasil penelitian diharapkan menjadi informasi penting bagi upaya merumuskan pengelolaan sumber daya abalon yang tepat.Kata Kunci: Keragaman Habitat, Pertumbuhan, H. asinina, Morfometrik, Struktur PopulasiAbstract: Abalone (Haliotis asinina) is a marine gastropod which has commercial value. Abalone spread in the waters of Soropia, Southeast Sulawesi.  H. asinina likes special habitat types, such as rocky habitats overgrown with algae and seagrass habitats. Bokori and Toronipa represent these two special habitat types which are located in Soropia waters. The study aims to assess the growth of abalone (H. asinina) populations in different habitats through the relationship of morphometric dimensions, condition factors, and composition of size groups.  Growth data were analyzed by non-linear regression equations using data analysis programs in MS. Excel 2010.  The relationship between L with Wt and L with Lc at 2 locations shows a positive and strong relationship (R2 <70%), while the relationship between L and other dimensions such as Bc, Tc, Lc, and Vc shows a weak relationship.  Growth patterns in Bokori consist of isometric and allometric negative growths, while Toronipa, the pattern of negative allometric growth. The average condition factor fluctuates in each month of observation and the highest in Bokori.  Bokori waters are dominated by percentage of juvenile groups of 52.22%  in the size class of 27.4-49.62 mm. Toronipa is dominated by adult or broodstock abalone of 66.67% in the size class of 50.62-84.42 mm.  Toronipa is dominated by the percentage of the adult group at 66.67% in the size class of 50.62-84.42 mm. The diversity of habitat types affects the growth parameters of abalone (H.asinina).  The results of study are expected to be important information for efforts to formulate appropriate abalone resource management.Keywords: Diversity of Habitat, Growth, H. asinina, Morphometric, Population structure

The Relationship Between Preoperative Clinical Presentation and Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features in Patients With Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy

Neurosurgery ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aria Nouri ◽  
Lindsay Tetreault ◽  
Kristian Dalzell ◽  
Juan J. Zamorano ◽  
Michael G. Fehlings
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Features ◽  
Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract BACKGROUND: Degenerative cervical myelopathy encompasses a group of conditions resulting in progressive spinal cord injury through static and dynamic compression. Although a constellation of changes can present on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), the clinical significance of these findings remains a subject of controversy and discussion. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between clinical presentation and quantitative MRI features in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy. METHODS: A secondary analysis of MRI and clinical data from 114 patients enrolled in a prospective, multicenter study was conducted. MRIs were assessed for maximum spinal cord compression (MSCC), maximum canal compromise (MCC), signal changes, and a signal change ratio (SCR). MRI features were compared between patients with and those without myelopathy symptoms with the use of t tests. Correlations between MRI features and duration of symptoms were assessed with the Spearman ρ. RESULTS: Numb hands and Hoffmann sign were associated with greater MSCC (P &lt; .05); broad-based, unstable gait, impairment of gait, and Hoffmann sign were associated with greater MCC (P &lt; .05); and numb hands, Hoffmann sign, Babinski sign, lower limb spasticity, hyperreflexia, and T1 hypointensity were associated with greater SCR (P &lt; .05). Patients with a T2 signal hyperintensity had greater MSCC and MCC (P &lt; .001). CONCLUSION: MSCC was associated with upper limb manifestations, and SCR was associated with upper limb, lower limb, and general neurological deficits. Hoffmann sign occurred more commonly in patients with a greater MSCC, MCC and SCR. The Lhermitte phenomenon presented more commonly in patients with a lower SCR and may be an early indicator of mild spinal cord involvement. Research to validate these findings is required.

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