scholarly journals Mitigation of COVID-19 using social distancing of the elderly in Brazil: The vertical quarantine effects in hospitalizations and deaths

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vito Ribeiro Venturieri ◽  
Matheus Silva Gonçalves ◽  
Vinícius Rios Fuck
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Compartmental Model ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
System Collapse ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hospital Beds ◽  
Intervention Scenario ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

SummaryGovernments and epidemiologists have been proposing several mitigation strategies based on non-pharmaceutical interventions to reduce COVID-19 cases, hospitalizations, and deaths. In this work, we quantitatively compare the effects of elderly population (60 years old or more) selective isolation with a no isolation scenario using an adapted Susceptible - Exposed - Infectious - Removed (SEIR) compartmental model. For these simulated scenarios, we estimate the number of hospitalizations and deaths for different Brazilian cities, including those due to the lack of hospital beds. Our simulations show that, for São Paulo City, the isolation of the elderly would reduce demand for hospital beds by 9% and deaths by 16% compared to the no intervention scenario. Other Brazilian cities follow the same pattern, with median reductions of deaths ranging from 12-18%. We conclude that the social distancing of the elderly would be marginally effective and would not avoid health system collapse in several Brazilian cities.

Disparity and Dynamics of Social Distancing Behaviors in Japan: An Investigation of mobile phone mobility data (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeyu Lyu ◽  
Hiroki Takikawa
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Over Time

BACKGROUND The availability of large-scale and fine-grained aggregated mobility data has allowed researchers to observe the dynamic of social distancing behaviors at high spatial and temporal resolutions. Despite the increasing attentions paid to this research agenda, limited studies have focused on the demographic factors related to mobility and the dynamics of social distancing behaviors has not been fully investigated. OBJECTIVE This study aims to assist in the design and implementation of public health policies by exploring the social distancing behaviors among various demographic groups over time. METHODS We combined several data sources, including mobile tracking data and geographical statistics, to estimate visiting population of entertainment venues across demographic groups, which can be considered as the proxy of social distancing behaviors. Then, we employed time series analyze methods to investigate how voluntary and policy-induced social distancing behaviors shift over time across demographic groups. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate distinct patterns of social distancing behaviors and their dynamics across age groups. The population in the entertainment venues comprised mainly of individuals aged 20–40 years, while according to the dynamics of the mobility index and the policy-induced behavior, among the age groups, the extent of reduction of the frequency of visiting entertainment venues during the pandemic was generally the highest among younger individuals. Also, our results indicate the importance of implementing the social distancing policy promptly to limit the spread of the COVID-19 infection. However, it should be noticed that although the policy intervention during the second wave in Japan appeared to increase the awareness of the severity of the pandemic and concerns regarding COVID-19, its direct impact has been largely decreased could only last for a short time. CONCLUSIONS At the time we wrote this paper, in Japan, the number of daily confirmed cases was continuously increasing. Thus, this study provides a timely reference for decision makers about the current situation of policy-induced compliance behaviors. On the one hand, age-dependent disparity requires target mitigation strategies to increase the intention of elderly individuals to adopt mobility restriction behaviors. On the other hand, considering the decreasing impact of self-restriction recommendations, the government should employ policy interventions that limit the resurgence of cases, especially by imposing stronger, stricter social distancing interventions, as they are necessary to promote social distancing behaviors and mitigate the transmission of COVID-19. CLINICALTRIAL None

scholarly journals Aromatherapy Versus Pharmaceutical Interventions for Dementia Related Behaviors Translating & Integrating Scholarship Practicum

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Psychotropic Drugs ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Pharmaceutical Management ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Relaxing Effect ◽  
Pharmaceutical Interventions

The elderly population is expected to double in the next thirty years increasing the number of individuals with the diagnosis of dementia. By proxy, dementia related behaviors such as agitation, anxiety and restless will also increase. Currently, pharmaceutical management of these behaviors include Ativan, Haldol and other psychotropic drugs which have side effects that place individuals at risk for falls and at times even aggravate the behaviors. Although, not widely researched, aromatherapy is a safe alternative to treating Dementia related behaviors. Research shows aromatherapy has a calming and relaxing effect which can be measured physiologically.

scholarly journals Brazil is getting older: demographic changes and epidemiological challenges

1991 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 476-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato P. Veras
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Third World ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Social Cost ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Population Ageing ◽  
Epidemiological Transition ◽  
Structure Population ◽  
The Social

Population ageing is currently a phenomenon not only in developed countries but also in third world countries. In this paper the features of a population's ageing and the process of epidemiological transition are discussed along with the worldwide changes in age-structure. Population statistics in Brazil and the characteristics of the elderly population are presented and analysed in the light of recent changes. The Brazilian elderly population is also discussed, particularly the issues relating to the social cost of the aged population, its urban and rural distribution, the elderly by sex, marital status and level of schooling, and emphasis is given to the imbalance of the sexes and the consequences of it for women.

The Social Breakdown Syndrome in the Elderly Population Living in the Community: the Helping Study

1987 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Radebaugh ◽  
F. J. Hooper ◽  
E. M. Gruenberg
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Close Friend ◽  
Social Breakdown ◽  
Psychiatric Status ◽  
White Males ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dementing Disorders

A representative sample of elderly people residing in the community was examined to establish their psychiatric status. An interview with a close friend or relative, focusing on a one-week period in 1981, was used to investigate each subject's functional limitations and troublesome behaviour, these being the two components of the Social Breakdown Syndrome. The data from the sample were weighted to allow estimates of the characteristics of the general population. No cases of SBS at its most extreme were identified, and almost the entire population was found to be functioning at an adequate or near-adequate level: all cases of severe SBS were attributable to troublesome behaviour. Severe SBS was shown to increase with age and to be most common in non-white males. Persons with dementing disorders were more likely than their non-demented counterparts to show severe/moderate SBS, but in the majority of cases of SBS there was no mental disorder.

Demographic aspects of the social safety of the elderly population in the Barents Euro-Arctic region

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. I. Danilova ◽  
E. Yu. Golubeva ◽  
A. S. Emelyanova
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Social

A Longitudinal Analysis of Perceived Respect among Elders: Changing Perceptions for Some Ethnic Groups

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith G. Chipperfield ◽  
Betty Havens
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Social Climate ◽  
Repeated Measures Anova ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Using Data

AbstractThis study assessed changes in older peoples' levels of perceived respect between the 1970s and the 1980s using data from the Aging in Manitoba Study. A longitudinal analysis was conducted for Manitobans, age 65 and over, who were interviewed in the mid 1970s and subsequently reinterviewed in the early 1980s. Changes in perceived respect scores for those who survived into the 1980s, and who provided ratings at both interviews (n = 776), were assessed in a repeated measures ANOVA. Significant increases were found in the mean level of respect for some ethnic groups, namely for the British, French, and German. A subsequent analysis indicated that the reported improvements in perceived respect could not be explained by participation in the study. These results may suggest that over the decade, the social climate of the elderly population in Manitoba has improved, at least for some ethnic groups.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Situation of Abuse Suffered Outside the Institution Older People in the Context of Residential Care

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
Carmelo Gómez Martínez ◽  
Elena Carrasco Martínez ◽  
Inmaculada Martínez Escámez ◽  
Pedro Andreo Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Living ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Time Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Type Of Abuse ◽  
Geographical Scope

Within the elderly population, the specific circumstances that some of the elderly find themselves due to certain socio-cultural factors make them more likely to be abused while residing in assisted living residences, due to the facts that the abuse is coming from the organisation it is unlikely to be reported, or brought to the attention of others, making it difficult to detect and, as a result, an issue not often discussed. We intend to investigate these possibilities; however, due to lack of information on this subject, we aim to address this issue by investigating the number of elderly people living in nursing homes who have suffered abuse due to agents outside of the organisation, such as the family, other residents and Friends. A brief questionnaire was created on an Excel Spreadsheet for the collection of data for this study, these questionnaires where then passed on the social workers of 4 assisted living residences, in the geographical scope of the Murcia region. The data collected correspond to the time period between January and December 2013. The results lead us to believe that the principal risk factors associated with this type of abuse is being a woman, a widow and with and age of about 80 years. Psychological abuse from family members was the most frequently reported type of abuse in the study.

scholarly journals Describing the COVID-19 Outbreak Fitting Modified SIR models to Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo Ianni ◽  
Nicola Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Time Evolution ◽  
Compartmental Model ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
The Social ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
Official Sources ◽  
Far Future

AbstractIn this paper we fit simple modifications of the SIR compartmental model to the COVID-19 outbreak data, available from official sources for Italy and other countries. Even if the complexity of the pandemic can not be easily modelled, we show that our model, at present, describes the time evolution of the data in spite of the application of the social distancing and lock-down procedure. Finally, we discuss the reliability of the model predictions, under certain conditions, for estimating the near and far future evolution of the COVID-19 outbreak. The conditions for the applicability of the proposed models are discussed.

scholarly journals The new coronavirus (COVID-19) and the social impact on the elderly population in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-48
Author(s):  
Souza MC ◽  
Luiz Amaro do Nascimento Neto ◽  
Lucas Afonso Barbosa Saraiva ◽  
Caio Vinicius Afonso Barbosa Saraiva ◽  
Ariosto Afonso de Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Population ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Social

scholarly journals The social support networks of elderly people in Slovenia during the Covid-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjan Cugmas ◽  
Anuška Ferligoj ◽  
Tina Kogovšek ◽  
Zenel Batagelj
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Support Networks ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Social Support Networks ◽  
Ego Networks ◽  
The Social

Population ageing requires society to adjust by ensuring additional types of services and assistance for elderly people. These may be provided by either organized services and sources of informal social support. The latter is especially important since a lack of social support is associated with a lower level of psychological and physical well-being. During the Covid-19 pandemic, social support for the elderly has proven to be even more crucial, also due to physical distancing. Therefore, this study aims to identify and describe the various types of personal social support networks of the elderly population during the coronavirus pandemic. To this end, a survey of Slovenians older than 64 years was conducted from April 25 to May 4, 2020 on a probability Web-panel-based sample (n = 605). The ego-networks were clustered by a hierarchical clustering approach for symbolic data. Clustering was performed for different types of social support (socializing, instrumental support, emotional support) and different characteristics of the social support networks (i.e., type of relationship, number of contacts, geographical distance). The results show that most of the elderly population in Slovenia have a satisfactory social support network, while the share of those without any (accessible) source of social support is significant. The results are particularly valuable for sustainable care policy planning, crisis intervention planning as well as any future waves of the coronavirus.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document