scholarly journals A bacteriophage cocktail significantly reduces Listeria monocytogenes without deleterious impact on the commensal gut microbiota under simulated gastro-intestinal conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasmus Riemer Jakobsen ◽  
Jimmy T. Trinh ◽  
Louise Bomholtz ◽  
Signe Kristine Brok-Lauridsen ◽  
Alexander Sulakvelidze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Commensal Bacteria ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Foodborne Outbreak ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Stomach Ph ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Adhesion And Invasion

AbstractIn this study, we examined the effect of a bacteriophage cocktail (tentatively designated FOP, for Foodborne Outbreak Pill) on the levels of Listeria monocytogenes in simulated small intestine, large intestine, and Caco-2 model systems. We found that FOP survival during simulated passage of the upper gastrointestinal was dependent on stomach pH, and that FOP robustly inhibited L. monocytogenes levels with effectiveness comparable to antibiotic treatment (ampicillin) under simulated ilium and colon conditions. FOP did not inhibit the commensal bacteria, whereas ampicillin treatment led to dysbiosis-like conditions. FOP was also more effective than antibiotic in protecting Caco-2 cells from adhesion and invasion by L. monocytogenes, while not triggering an inflammatory response. Our data suggest that FOP may provide a robust protection against L. monocytogenes should the bacterium enter the human gastrointestinal tract (e.g., by consumption of contaminated food), without deleterious impact on the commensal bacteria.

scholarly journals Reactivity of Clays Consummated in Côte d'Ivoire in Digestive Conditions: Bioavailability of Mineral Elements

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vamoussa Coulibaly ◽  
N’dri Kouamé ◽  
Atolé Brice Kédi ◽  
Joseph Sei ◽  
Samuel Oyetola
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Solid Matrix ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Stomach Ph ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Green Clay ◽  
Iron And Calcium

In order to evaluate the impact of clay on the body during digestion, a study of the bioavailability of elements from clay minerals from Anyama and Bingerville (Abidjan district) was performed in vitro. A simulation of the destruction of a solid matrix in the human gastrointestinal tract was undertaken. The analysis of different juices after digestion revealed the presence of numerous inorganic elements essential for biological activity. Green clay of Anyama consisting of chlorite, illite and smectite, released more elements than those of Bingerville, the mineralogy of witch being dominated by kaolinite. The concentration of some ions (Al, Co, Ca, Cu, Fe, Zn, Pb, Si) decreased during the transition from the step of the stomach (pH = 2.5) to that of the small intestine (pH ≈ 7). The proportions of zinc and copper in spite of decrease during the small intestine step, remain superior to the others. To the contrary, an increase was observed for K, Ni and P. Iron and calcium in this series were distinguished by their disappearance during the stage of the small intestine.

scholarly journals Whole-Genome Sequences of Listeria monocytogenes Sequence Type 6 Isolates Associated with a Large Foodborne Outbreak in South Africa, 2017 to 2018

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mushal Allam ◽  
Nomsa Tau ◽  
Shannon L. Smouse ◽  
Phillip S. Mtshali ◽  
Florah Mnyameni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Foodborne Outbreak ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Contaminated Food

ABSTRACT We report whole-genome sequences for 10 Listeria monocytogenes sequence type 6 isolates associated with a large listeriosis outbreak in South Africa, which occurred over the period of 2017 to 2018. The possibility of listeriosis spreading beyond South Africa’s borders as a result of exported contaminated food products prompted us to make the genome sequences publicly available.

scholarly journals Listeria monocytogenes: An emerging food-borne pathogen and its public health implications

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 149-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waffa W Reda ◽  
Khaled Abdel-Moein ◽  
Ahmed Hegazi ◽  
Yasmin Mohamed ◽  
Khaled Abdel-Razik
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Luncheon Meat ◽  
Stool Specimens ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Minced Meat

Introduction: Listeria monocytogenes is considered one of the most important food-borne pathogens transmitted to humans via contaminated food. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the importance of L. monocytogenes as a food-borne pathogen. Methodology: A total of 340 samples were collected from different localities in El Giza Governorate, Egypt, to check the occurrence of L. monocytogenes in that area. The collected samples comprised 250 food samples, 40 swabs from food refrigerators, and 50 stool specimens from diarrheic children. L. monocytogenes was isolated from the examined samples according to the International Organization for Standardization. The isolates were tested biochemically using Listeria Microbact 12L and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. Results: The isolation rates of L. monocytogenes were 8% in beef burger, 4% in minced meat, 4% in luncheon meat, while sausage samples were all negative. Eight percent of raw milk samples were positive for L. monocytogenes, whereas cheese samples and refrigerator swabs were negative. Only Listeria grayi was isolated from human stools (2.5%). Conclusion: The high isolation rates of L. monocytogenes among the examined food stuffs highlight the crucial role of food as an important vehicle for this pathogen. More efforts should be made to ensure safe handling and processing of these foods to reduce the transmission of L. monocytogenes to humans.

Jejunal Perforation as a Result of Massive Gastrointestinal Bleeding from a Duodenal Ulcer

1984 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-110
Author(s):  
J. N. Fox ◽  
J. W. W. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Duodenal Ulcer ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Massive Bleeding ◽  
Spontaneous Perforation ◽  
Massive Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

A complication of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding is presented as a case report of a patient who developed a spontaneous perforation of the small intestine as a result of massive bleeding from a duodenal ulcer

Epithelial surfaces of the upper gastrointestinal tract of the blue-tongues lizard, Tiliqua scincoides: a scanning electron microscope study

1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
AS Giraud ◽  
CR Hunter ◽  
John DJB St
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Gastric Epithelium ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Surface Epithelium ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope Study ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Scanning Electron

The surface epithelium of the oesophagus, stomach and small intestine of healty T. scincoides was examined by scanning electron microscopy and the findings confirmed by both light and transmission microscopy. The oesophagus was lined by ciliated, goblet and microvillous cells. Its topography appeared similar to the trachea and major bronchi of a number of mammals and birds. Throughout the length of the stomach microvillous cells were uniformly arranged on the gastric rugae. The cells were slightly convex and sparsely populated by microvilli, which appeared more numerous at intercellular margins. Swollen epithelial cells, approximately twice the size of the adjacent cells, were scattered throughout the gastric epithelium. Cells with focal apical erosions were found in isolated regions, being relatively more numerous in the distal stomach. The openings of the gastric glands were observed as invaginations of the epithelial surface and were most prominent near the tops of the gastric rugae. The small intestine was lined by epithelial cells covered by long, densely packed microvilli. Goblet cells were interspersed along the surface of the intestinal villi. Except for the oesophagus, the topography of the upper gastrointestinal tract of T. scincoides closely resembles that of homologous regions of the mammalian gut.

HepPar-1 and Arginase-1 Immunohistochemistry in Adenocarcinoma of the Small Intestine and Ampullary Region

2015 ◽  
Vol 139 (6) ◽  
pp. 791-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Lagana ◽  
Susan Hsiao ◽  
Fei Bao ◽  
Antonia Sepulveda ◽  
Roger Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Arginase 1 ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal ◽  
Colorectal Adenocarcinomas ◽  
Diffuse Positivity

Context HepPar-1 and Arginase-1 are urea cycle enzymes used to distinguish hepatocellular carcinoma from other carcinomas. HepPar-1, but not Arginase-1, is known to be immunoreactive with normal human small intestine. Objectives To better define and compare the immunohistochemical staining patterns of HepPar-1 and Arginase-1 in adenocarcinomas arising in the small intestine, including the ampullary region. Design Staining for HepPar-1 and Arginase-1 was performed on 20 nonampullary small intestinal adenocarcinomas and 32 adenocarcinomas from the ampullary region. Ampullary adenocarcinomas were divided into intestinal morphology (15), pancreatobiliary morphology (14), and unclassifiable (3). Nonneoplastic small intestinal mucosa and colorectal adenocarcinomas were used as control groups. Results HepPar-1 stained 12 of 20 nonampullary small intestinal adenocarcinomas, with a median of 63% of cells staining in positive cases. It also stained 11 of 15 ampullary carcinomas with intestinal morphology, with a median of 75% of cells staining in positive cases. Two of 14 ampullary carcinomas with pancreatobiliary morphology were positive for HepPar-1. Arginase-1 showed positivity in 2 ampullary region carcinomas and diffuse positivity in 1 duodenal adenocarcinoma. Two of 22 colorectal carcinomas stained for HepPar-1 with none positive for Arginase-1. Conclusions HepPar-1, but not Arginase-1, usually shows positivity in small intestinal adenocarcinomas and ampullary adenocarcinomas with intestinal morphology, but only rarely shows positivity in ampullary adenocarcinomas with pancreatobiliary morphology. HepPar-1 positivity in metastatic adenocarcinoma with intestinal morphology is suggestive of an upper gastrointestinal primary site.

scholarly journals β-Phenylethylamine as a Natural Food Additive Shows Antimicrobial Activity against Listeria monocytogenes on Ready-to-Eat Foods

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Muchaamba ◽  
Roger Stephan ◽  
Taurai Tasara
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Foodborne Pathogen ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Smoked Salmon ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Good Manufacturing Practices ◽  
Agar Media

Listeria monocytogenes is an important foodborne pathogen and a major cause of death associated with bacterial foodborne infections. Control of L. monocytogenes on most ready-to-eat (RTE) foods remains a challenge. The potential use of β-phenylethylamine (PEA) as an organic antimicrobial against L. monocytogenes was evaluated in an effort to develop a new intervention for its control. Using a collection of 62 clinical and food-related isolates we determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of PEA against L. monocytogenes in different broth and agar media. Bologna type sausage (lyoner) and smoked salmon were used as food model systems to validate the in vitro findings. PEA had a growth inhibitory and bactericidal effect against L. monocytogenes both in in vitro experiments as well as on lyoner and smoked salmon. The MIC’s ranged from 8 to 12.5 mg/mL. Furthermore, PEA also inhibited L. monocytogenes biofilm formation. Based on good manufacturing practices as a prerequisite, the application of PEA to RTE products might be an additional hurdle to limit L. monocytogenes growth thereby increasing food safety.

Antilisterial Activity of a Carnobacterium piscicola Isolated from Brazilian Smoked Fish (Surubim [Pseudoplatystoma sp.]) and Its Activity against a Persistent Strain of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Surubim

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2068-2077 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIRGÍNIA F. ALVES ◽  
ELAINE C. P. DE MARTINIS ◽  
MARIA TERESA DESTRO ◽  
BIRTE FONNESBECH VOGEL ◽  
LONE GRAM
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Freshwater Fish ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Smoked Fish ◽  
Smoked Salmon ◽  
Carnobacterium Piscicola

Data on the prevalence and growth of Listeria monocytogenes in lightly preserved fish products from subtropical and tropical regions are very scarce. Our research describes L. monocytogenes that was detected in 5% of the packages of cold-smoked surubim, a native Brazilian freshwater fish that we analyzed, and shows that the strains isolated were of the same random amplified polymorphic DNA subtype as the strains that were isolated from the same factory 4 years earlier. A bacteriocinogenic strain of Carnobacterium piscicola (strain C2), isolated from vacuum-packed cold-smoked surubim, and two C. piscicola strains, isolated from vacuum-packed, cold-smoked salmon, were capable of limiting or completely inhibiting the growth of an L. monocytogenes (strain V2) isolated from surubim in fish peptone model systems incubated at 10°C. Mono-cultures of L. monocytogenes reached 108 CFU/ml (g), whereas the growth of L. monocytogenes was completely inhibited by C. piscicola C2. The bacteriocinogenic C. piscicola A9b+ and its nonbacteriocinogenic mutant A9b− reduced maximum Listeria levels by 2 to 3 log units. Both bacteriocinogenic C. piscicola strains prevented listerial growth in cold-smoked fish juices (surubim and salmon). Although the carnobacteria grew poorly on cold-smoked surubim at 10°C, the strains were able to reduce maximum Listeria counts by 1 to 3 log units in an artificially inoculated product (surubim). We conclude that Brazilian smoked fish products harbor L. monocytogenes and should be stabilized against the growth of the organism. C. piscicola C2 has the potential for use as a bioprotective culture in surubim and other lightly preserved fish, but further studies are required to optimize its effect.

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