scholarly journals Factors confounding the athlete biological passport: a systematic narrative review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastien Krumm ◽  
Raphael Faiss
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
Biological Passport ◽  
Adaptive Monitoring ◽  
Potential Factors

AbstractBackgroundThrough longitudinal, individual and adaptive monitoring of blood biomarkers, the haematological module of the athlete biological passport (ABP) has become a valuable tool in anti-doping efforts. The composition of blood as a vector of oxygen in the human body varies in athletes with the influence of multiple intrinsic (genetic) or extrinsic (training or environmental conditions) factors. In this context, it is fundamental to establish a comprehensive understanding of the various causes that may affect blood variables and thereby alter a fair interpretation of ABP profiles.MethodsThis literature review described the potential factors confounding the ABP to outline influencing factors altering haematological profiles acutely or chronically.ResultsOur investigation confirmed that natural variations in ABP variables appear relatively small, likely—at least in part—because of strong human homeostasis. Furthermore, the significant effects on haematological variations of environmental conditions (e.g. exposure to heat or hypoxia) remain debatable. The current ABP paradigm seems rather robust in view of the existing literature that aims to delineate adaptive individual limits. Nevertheless, its objective sensitivity may be further improved.ConclusionsThis narrative review contributes to disentangling the numerous confounding factors of the ABP to gather the available scientific evidence and help interpret individual athlete profiles.Key pointsThrough longitudinal, individual and adaptive monitoring of blood biomarkers, the haematological module of the athlete biological passport (ABP) has become a valuable tool in anti-doping efforts.This literature review described the potential factors confounding the ABP to outline influencing factors altering haematological profiles acutely or chronically.While our results support the current ABP paradigm as rather robust to delineate adaptive individual limits, our work may contribute to disentangling the numerous confounding factors of the ABP to gather the available scientific

scholarly journals Factors Confounding the Athlete Biological Passport: A Systematic Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastien Krumm ◽  
Raphael Faiss
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Blood Biomarkers ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Biological Passport ◽  
Adaptive Monitoring ◽  
Natural Variations ◽  
Potential Factors ◽  
Blood Variables

Abstract Background Through longitudinal, individual and adaptive monitoring of blood biomarkers, the haematological module of the athlete biological passport (ABP) has become a valuable tool in anti-doping efforts. The composition of blood as a vector of oxygen in the human body varies in athletes with the influence of multiple intrinsic (genetic) or extrinsic (training or environmental conditions) factors. In this context, it is fundamental to establish a comprehensive understanding of the various causes that may affect blood variables and thereby alter a fair interpretation of ABP profiles. Methods This literature review described the potential factors confounding the ABP to outline influencing factors altering haematological profiles acutely or chronically. Results Our investigation confirmed that natural variations in ABP variables appear relatively small, likely—at least in part—because of strong human homeostasis. Furthermore, the significant effects on haematological variations of environmental conditions (e.g. exposure to heat or hypoxia) remain debatable. The current ABP paradigm seems rather robust in view of the existing literature that aims to delineate adaptive individual limits. Nevertheless, its objective sensitivity may be further improved. Conclusions This narrative review contributes to disentangling the numerous confounding factors of the ABP to gather the available scientific evidence and help interpret individual athlete profiles.

scholarly journals Literature Review: Faktor-faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Gizi Kurang Pada Balita Usia 0-5 Tahun

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 197-206
Author(s):  
Ilmiyah Nafiati ◽  
Neti Mustikawati
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Potential Factors

AbstractThe problem of malnutrition is still widespread in developing countries, including Indonesia. Malnutrition can limit the ability of individuals to reach their maximum potential. Factors that influence undernutrition need to be identified to reduce the number of undernourished children under five. To analyze the factors related to malnutrition in children aged 0-5 years. This study used a literature review method. The online database was used to search articles related to themes. Those were Google Scholar and PubMed. Articles were selected based on the suitability of keywords, topics and inclusion and exclusion criteria that have been determine. The results of this study showedthat there were 10 factors related to under-nutrition in toddlers, namely parenting, mother's knowledge about nutrition, history of exclusive breastfeeding, age of toddlers, food intake, mother's perception of nutritional status, drinking water consumption, child's weight at birth, monitoring growth and development, and history of infectious diseases. The ten factors related to malnutrition in children under five were obtained from valid scientific evidence so that they can be used as scientific references to be applied as nursing care interventions.Keywords: Undernourished children under five, Causative factors AbstrakMasalah gizi kurang sampai saat ini masih tersebar di negara-negara berkembang termasuk negara Indonesia. Gizi kurang dapat membatasi kemampuan individu untuk mencapai potensi maksimalnya. Faktor yang mempengaruhi gizi kurang perlu diidentifikasi untuk mengurangi angka gizi kurang pada balita. Untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan gizi kurang pada balita usia 0-5 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode literature review. Database yang digunakan untuk pencarian artikel berkaitan dengan tema yang diambil dari beberapa search engine yaitu Google Scholar dan PubMed. Artikel diseleksi berdasarkan kesesuaian dengan kata kunci, topik serta kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi yang telah ditentukan. Hasil penelitian ini terdapat 10 faktor yang berhubungan dengan gizi kurang pada balita yaitu pola asuh, pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi, riwayat ASI ekslusif, usia balita, asupan makan, persepsi ibu tentang status gizi, konsumsi air minum, berat badan anak saat lahir, pemantauan tumbuh kembang, dan riwayat penyakit infeksi. Kesepuluh faktor yang berhubungan dengan gizi kurang pada balita ini didapatkan dari bukti ilmiah yang valid sehingga dapat dijadikan referensi ilmiah untuk diaplikasikan sebagai intervensi asuhan keperawatan.Kata kunci: Balita gizi kurang, faktor penyebab.

scholarly journals A NARRATIVE REVIEW OF ZINGIBERACEAE FAMILY AS ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICATION BASED ON BALINESE LOCAL WISDOM

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Ayu Irayanti ◽  
A.A Gede Rai Yadnya Putra
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Family Based

Background: One of the native plants from Indonesia that have been widely used for traditional medication as an antibacterial comes from the Zingiberaceae family. Based on Usada Bali, the Zingiberaceae family used to treat digestive, respiratory, and skin diseases. Objective: This literature review aimed to discuss antibacterial activity from the Zingiberaceae family and see its validity as a traditional use as antibacterial based on Balinese local wisdom medication method (Usada) with its scientific evidence. Methods: The method of this literature review is the study of literature from several scientific publications in national and international journals about the antibacterial activity of the Zingiberaceae family. Results: Several studies showed that the Zingiberaceae family has an antibacterial activity with various inhibitions depended on the type of bacteria. Conclusion: The Zingiberaceae family mentioned in Usada Bali has been scientifically proved to have antibacterial activity, so it shows the validity as a traditional use as antibacterial based on Usada with its scientific evidence. Keywords: Zingiberaceae, antibacterial, Usada

scholarly journals Polyphenol-Rich and Alcoholic Beverages and Metabolic Status in Adults Living in Sicily, Southern Italy

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 383
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Micek ◽  
Justyna Godos ◽  
Achille Cernigliaro ◽  
Raffaele Ivan Cincione ◽  
Silvio Buscemi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Alcoholic Beverage ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Status ◽  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Beverage Consumption

Polyphenol-rich beverage consumption is not univocally accepted as a risk modulator for cardio-metabolic risk factors, despite mechanistic and epidemiological evidence suggesting otherwise. The aim of this study was to assess whether an association between polyphenol-rich beverage consumption and metabolic status could be observed in a Mediterranean cohort with relatively low intake of tea, coffee, red and white wine, beer, and fresh citrus juice. Demographic and dietary characteristics of 2044 adults living in southern Italy were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the association between polyphenol-rich and alcoholic beverage consumption and metabolic status adjusted for potential confounding factors. Specific polyphenol-rich beverages were associated, to a various extent, with metabolic outcomes. Individuals with a higher total polyphenol-rich beverages had higher polyphenols intake and were less likely to have hypertension, type-2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia (OR = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.44–0.73; OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.26–0.66; and OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.29–0.57, respectively). However, when adjusted for potential confounding factors, only the association with hypertension remained significant (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.50–0.94). Current scientific evidence suggests that such beverages may play a role on cardio-metabolic risk factors, especially when consumed within the context of a dietary pattern characterized by an intake of a plurality of them. However, these associations might be mediated by an overall healthier lifestyle.

scholarly journals Skin tear treatment and prevention by nurses: an integrative literature review

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-149
Author(s):  
Érick Igor dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Skin Flap ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Safe Environment ◽  
Best Management ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Skin Tears ◽  
Work And Health

The objective of the present study was to identify scientific evidence in the literature regarding management and prevention of skin tears by nurses over the last ten years. This is an integrative review of articles found in the LILACS, SciELO, BDENF, MEDLINE, Scopus, ScienceDirect and PubMed databases, identified with the Portuguese, English and Spanish descriptors for "skin," "friction," or with the keyword "skin tears". After inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, fifteen texts were selected. Scientific evidence demonstrated that the best management results are obtained by covering the tear with the skin flap itself, using octylcyanoacrylate or silicone-based products. Prevention consists of promoting a safe environment, through multidisciplinary work and health education. We conclude that it is the nursing staff's responsibility to avoid infection, trauma of any intensity, pain and bleeding.

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