scholarly journals Simulations of fluorescence imaging in the oral cavity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Lyu ◽  
Haomiao Jiang ◽  
Feng Xiao ◽  
Jian Rong ◽  
Tingcheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Fluorescence Imaging ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Image Sensor ◽  
Spectral Radiance ◽  
Mucosal Tissue ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Endogenous Fluorophores ◽  
Systems Simulation ◽  
Guiding System

We describe an end-to-end image systems simulation that models a device capable of measuring fluorescence in the oral cavity. Our software includes a 3D model of the oral cavity and excitation-emission matrices of endogenous fluorophores that predict the spectral radiance of oral mucosal tissue. The predicted radiance is transformed by a model of the optics and image sensor to generate expected sensor image values. We compare simulated and real camera data from tongues in healthy individuals and show that the camera sensor chromaticity values can be used to quantify the fluorescence from porphyrins relative to the bulk fluorescence from multiple fluorophores (elastin, NADH, FAD, and collagen). Validation of the simulations supports the use of soft-prototyping in guiding system design for fluorescence imaging.

scholarly journals Bacteriocin-like activity of oral Fusobacterium nucleatum isolated from human and non-human primates

1999 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 324-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elerson Gaetti-Jardim Júnior ◽  
Mario Julio Avila-Campos
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Microbial Ecology ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Bacterial Microbiota ◽  
Reference Strains

Fusobacterium nucleatum is indigenous of the human oral cavity and has been involved in different infectious processes. The production of bacteriocin-like substances may be important in regulation of bacterial microbiota in oral cavity. The ability to produce bacteriocin-like substances by 80 oral F. nucleatum isolates obtained from periodontal patients, healthy individuals and Cebus apella monkeys, was examinated. 17.5% of all tested isolates showed auto-antagonism and 78.8% iso- or hetero-antagonism. No isolate from monkey was capable to produce auto-inhibition. In this study, the antagonistic substances production was variable in all tested isolates. Most of the F. nucleatum showed antagonistic activity against tested reference strains. These data suggest a possible participation of these substances on the oral microbial ecology in humans and animals. However, the role of bacteriocins in regulating dental plaque microbiota in vivo is discussed.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Upper Respiratory Tract Microbiotas as the Source of the Lung and Gastric Microbiotas in Healthy Individuals

mBio ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Bassis ◽  
John R. Erb-Downward ◽  
Robert P. Dickson ◽  
Christine M. Freeman ◽  
Thomas M. Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Bacterial Communities ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Aerodigestive Tract ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Gastric Aspirate ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Lung Microbiome

ABSTRACTNo studies have examined the relationships between bacterial communities along sites of the upper aerodigestive tract of an individual subject. Our objective was to perform an intrasubject and intersite analysis to determine the contributions of two upper mucosal sites (mouth and nose) as source communities for the bacterial microbiome of lower sites (lungs and stomach). Oral wash, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, nasal swab, and gastric aspirate samples were collected from 28 healthy subjects. Extensive analysis of controls and serial intrasubject BAL fluid samples demonstrated that sampling of the lungs by bronchoscopy was not confounded by oral microbiome contamination. By quantitative PCR, the oral cavity and stomach contained the highest bacterial signal levels and the nasal cavity and lungs contained much lower levels. Pyrosequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicon libraries generated from these samples showed that the oral and gastric compartments had the greatest species richness, which was significantly greater in both than the richness measured in the lungs and nasal cavity. The bacterial communities of the lungs were significantly different from those of the mouth, nose, and stomach, while the greatest similarity was between the oral and gastric communities. However, the bacterial communities of healthy lungs shared significant membership with the mouth, but not the nose, and marked subject-subject variation was noted. In summary, microbial immigration from the oral cavity appears to be the significant source of the lung microbiome during health, but unlike the stomach, the lungs exhibit evidence of selective elimination of Prevotella bacteria derived from the upper airways.IMPORTANCEWe have demonstrated that the bacterial communities of the healthy lung overlapped those found in the mouth but were found at lower concentrations, with lower membership and a different community composition. The nasal microbiome, which was distinct from the oral microbiome, appeared to contribute little to the composition of the lung microbiome in healthy subjects. Our studies of the nasal, oral, lung, and stomach microbiomes within an individual illustrate the microbiological continuity of the aerodigestive tract in healthy adults and provide culture-independent microbiological support for the concept that microaspiration is common in healthy individuals.

Oral microbial colonization in patients with systemic lupus erythematous: correlation with treatment and disease activity

Lupus ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 969-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
EAF de Araújo Navas ◽  
EI Sato ◽  
DFA Pereira ◽  
GN Back-Brito ◽  
JA Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Immunosuppressive Drugs ◽  
Inactive Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Microbial Counts ◽  
Pseudomonas Spp ◽  
Oral Rinse ◽  
And Control

Treating patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with steroids and immunosuppressive drugs may interfere in the presence of potentially opportunistic microorganisms in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of Candida spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacteria and Pseudomonas spp. in the oral cavity of SLE patients, compared with healthy controls. A group of 40 patients who had received therapy for at least 60 days was selected (19–53 years). For the control group, 40 healthy individuals matched for age, gender and use of partial prosthesis were selected. Oral rinse samples were collected and plated on specific culture media. After incubation, the number of colony forming units (CFU) was obtained and the isolates were identified at species level. Microbial counts were compared between SLE and control by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Mann–Whitney ( p < 0.05 significant). Microorganism counts in patients with and without immunosuppressive drugs, as well with active and inactive disease (according to SLEDAI score) were also compared. No significant differences in CFU/mL between SLE and control patients were observed (yeasts, p = 0.55; Staphylococci, p = 0.24; Enterobacteria/ Pseudomonas spp., p = 0.26). No differences in microbial counts were observed regarding clinical parameters tested. The most frequent species isolated in the SLE group were Candida albicans, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Klebsiella oxytoca. In conclusion, no differences in frequency and microorganism levels were found between SLE patients and healthy individuals.

Improvement of Color Information in the Generation of 3D Models of Real Objects Using Range Intensity Images

2012 ◽  
Vol 523-524 ◽  
pp. 362-367
Author(s):  
Toru Takahama ◽  
Ryo Inomata ◽  
Kenji Terabayashi ◽  
Kazunori Umeda ◽  
Guy Godin
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Texture Mapping ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Correction Method ◽  
Image Sensor ◽  
Color Images ◽  
Range Image ◽  
Color Information ◽  
Intensity Image

Texture mapping on scanned objects, which is the method to map color images on a 3D geometric model measured by a range image sensor, is often used for constructing a realistic 3D model. Color images are affected by the illumination conditions. Therefore, discontinuities of seams occur when simply applying texture mapping. In this paper, we propose a method for correcting the discontinuities using a range intensity image. A range intensity image is a kind of intensity image that is related to the reflectance ratio of the measured points, simultaneously acquired with a range image using an active range sensor. The method estimates the color information that is not affected by the lighting environment using multiple color images and a range intensity image. As a result, the method is effective to construct a 3D model with seamless color images. The effectiveness of the correction method is illustrated by experiments with real-world objects.

scholarly journals Impression Material Mass Retained in the Mucobuccal Fold

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
N. Karam Genno ◽  
A. Assaf
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Case History ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Mucosal Tissue ◽  
Impression Material ◽  
Foreign Materials ◽  
Tissue Reactions

Trapped foreign bodies and tissue reactions to foreign materials are commonly encountered in the oral cavity. Traumatically introduced dental materials, instruments, or needles are the most common materials referred to in the dental literature. This paper describes an iatrogenic foreign body encapsulation in the oral mucosa, clinically appearing as5×10 mm tumor-like swelling with an intact overlying epithelium and diagnosed as a polymeric impression material. Detailed case history and, clinical and radiographic examinations including CBCT and spectrometric analysis of the retrieved sample were necessary to determine accurately the nature, size, and location of the foreign body. It is suggested that the origin of the material relates to an impression made 2 years ago, leaving a mass trapped in a traumatized mucosal tissue.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document