scholarly journals Clinical Pharmacy Services Provided in Public Sector Hospitals in Nigeria: A National Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arit Udoh ◽  
Mary Akpan ◽  
Umar Idris Ibrahim ◽  
Basira Kankia Lawal ◽  
Kamilu Sarki Labaran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy ◽  
Secondary Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Service ◽  
Level Of Care ◽  
Pharmacy Services ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Services ◽  
Guidelines Development ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

Background: Studies show that clinical pharmacy services are effective in optimizing medicines use and patients outcomes. This study aimed to determine the clinical pharmacy services provided in public sector hospitals in Nigeria. Methods: This was an online survey of 296 primary, secondary and tertiary care hospitals sampled purposively across the 36 States and Federal Capital Territory in Nigeria. Data analysis was conducted descriptively, and via Chi-square test and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Key findings: Complete responses were obtained from 272 hospitals in the country with a survey completion rate of 88%. This included 55 tertiary, 72 secondary, and 145 primary healthcare centres (PHCs). Pharmacists provided pharmaceutical care services in all the tertiary care hospitals, 94% of the secondary, and in only 6% of the PHCs surveyed. The composition of the pharmacy department per level of care was similar across the six geopolitical regions (V = 0.383, F = 1.453, p = 0.06) with more pharmacy staff employed in the tertiary care hospitals compared to the secondary care facilities. The majority (>=75%) of the tertiary and secondary care hospitals in the survey provided medicines information, patient education and counselling, alongside in- and outpatient dispensing services. However, fewer than 30% reported routine pharmacist involvement in multidisciplinary ward rounds, medication chart review, therapeutic guidelines development, antibiotic stewardship programmes, and drug therapy monitoring. Pharmacists routinely provided medication error reporting services in only about half of the hospitals in the sample, and this was not associated with the level of care (p>0.05). Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrate disparity in clinical pharmacy service availability across the various levels of care in Nigeria. It also highlights the need to scale up and prioritize their integration within the primary care sector.

scholarly journals Clinical pharmacy services in Brazil, particularly cardiometabolic diseases: a systematic scoping review and meta-analyses

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2131
Author(s):  
Priscila L. Nassur ◽  
Marcela Forgerini ◽  
Patricia C. Mastroianni ◽  
Rosa C. Lucchetta
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy ◽  
Clinical Impact ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Service ◽  
Pharmacy Services ◽  
Process Measures ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Services ◽  
Meta Analyses

Objective: To map the clinical pharmacy services conducted in Brazil, their characteristics, outcomes, and process measures in general population, as well as the assessment of the clinical impact on people with cardiometabolic diseases (cardiovascular diseases and metabolic diseases). Methods: A systematic scoping review and meta-analysis were conducted. The electronic searches were re-run in March 2020. To the clinical impact assessment, meta-analyses of cardiometabolic outcomes (i.e., change of systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglycerides, total cholesterol, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting glycemia, LDL-, and HDL-cholesterol) were led. The risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane Collaboration tools. Results: 71 studies were identified (7,402 patients), being the majority quasi-experimental studies (n=41) and published by research groups of Southeast Brazil (n=33). Medication therapy management (n=62) was the most frequent clinical pharmacy service, performed on outpatient setting (n=45), with adults or elderly people (n=58) with hypertension (n=18) or diabetes (n=10). Process measures (n=58) (e.g. resolution of drug related-problem) were widely used as indicator, followed by clinical (n=44) (e.g. change in SBP), humanistic (n=12) (e.g. change in quality-of-life score assessed by Short-Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire), and economic outcomes (n=3) (incremental cost-effectiveness ratio for reduction in HbA1c). Regarding the assessment of clinical impact of the services, 20 studies were included in meta-analyses, showing improvement in most cardiometabolic outcomes when considered individual studies. However, the evidence presents high risk of bias, high heterogeneity (median 67-90%) and imprecision, contributing to wide prediction intervals and low reliability. Conclusions: A predominance of studies on cardiometabolic diseases, process measures, and clinical outcomes were identified. Considering the assessment of the clinical impact of clinical pharmacy services in cardiometabolic diseases, an improvement in most cardiometabolic outcomes was showed, however, with low confidence and wide prediction interval. Therefore, development of larger studies with low risk of bias and major homogeneity is necessary for a better comprehension of clinical pharmacy service characteristics, benefits, and the population groups most benefited.

Improving clinic utilization and workload capture for clinical pharmacy specialists

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 552-559
Author(s):  
Allison Steen ◽  
Jessica Bovio Franck
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Pharmacy ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Service ◽  
Quality Improvement Initiative ◽  
Pharmacy Services ◽  
Veterans Health ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Services

Abstract Purpose To assess a quality improvement initiative aimed at improving clinic utilization and encounter and intervention workload capture for clinical pharmacy specialists. This initiative aided in justification of clinical pharmacy services, identification of clinical areas for intervention, and incorporation of all modalities to appropriately document clinical care. Methods In order to objectively demonstrate clinical pharmacy service value to stakeholders, pharmacy administrators and clinical pharmacy specialists at the North Florida/South Georgia Veterans Health System performed clinic scheduling and profile reviews using data extracted from the Veterans Health Administration electronic health record and analytic software. Outpatient clinical pharmacy specialty practice areas were primarily investigated; the specialty areas included are as follows: cardiology, infectious disease, mental health, oncology, pain management/palliative care, and specialty clinics (a collection of medical and surgical subspecialties). The first intervention entailed completing a worksheet and assessing clinic utilization data. Then, an evaluation was performed to assess the number of encounters, clinical interventions, clinic modalities, and coding for each clinic. Next, a meeting was arranged with each like clinical pharmacy specialist practice group to discuss this collected data. During these meetings, the delineation of where workload was generated and the activities taking place in an average workday were discussed. Finally, clinics were adjusted to reflect appropriate clinic coding and mapping of the average workday. Metrics were evaluated pre intervention (October through December 2017) and post intervention (July through September 2018). Results After intervention, there were statistically significant increases in clinic utilization, total encounters completed, and total interventions recorded in the composite group of clinical pharmacy specialists. Conclusion The increases in clinic utilization, total encounters, and interventions observed for the clinical pharmacy specialists suggest the beneficial role of pharmacy administrators’ collaboration with clinical pharmacy specialists to improve workload capture and access to quality care, to justify clinical pharmacy services, and to identify opportunities for pharmacy clinical intervention.

scholarly journals Knowledge and attitude of health care professional’s towards clinical pharmacy services in Nedjo General Hospital, Western Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginenus Fekadu ◽  
Busha Gamachu ◽  
Teklie Mengie ◽  
Mudasir Maqbool
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Service ◽  
Pharmacy Services ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Services ◽  
Significant Difference

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Clinical pharmacy service (CPS) is an expanding patient-oriented, hospital role with the potential for encroachment on the physician's role. In large part, the success of CPS will depend on the degree to which other health professionals accept the concept and are willing to cooperate with its disciples. Unfortunately, our information about the degree of knowledge regarding acceptance and reaction toward clinical pharmacy by other health workers is meager.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross sectional study design was carried out by using self–administered questionnaires on 110 health care professionals (HCP) in Nedjo General Hospital 10th March to 10th April, 2018.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> From the total respondents 91 (82.7%) were males and majority of them were nurses 46 (41.8%) followed by midwifes 23 (20.9%). This study showed that 67 (60.9%) of the HCPs had a good knowledge and 67.3% of the HCPs had a positive attitude about CPS. There was no significant difference between the HCPs knowledge of clinical pharmacy services in relation to their sex (p=0.744), age (p=0.313), profession (p=0.997), level of education (p=0.509), and experience (p=0.553). Regarding HCPs’ attitude of CPs role, there was no significant difference in relation to their sex (p=0.588), age (p=0.144), profession (p=0.059) and experience (p=0.394). However, the study revealed that there was a significant difference (p=0.009) between HCPs attitude and level education of HCPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Majority of the HCPs had a good knowledge and a positive attitude towards CPS. Attention should focus to hospitals to implement ward based CPS and increasing inter-professional relationships between HCPs and pharmacists. </p>

scholarly journals Kesesuaian Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Puskesmas

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74
Author(s):  
Andi Leny Susyanty ◽  
Yuyun Yuniar ◽  
Max J. Herman ◽  
Nita Prihartini
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Pharmacy ◽  
Pharmaceutical Services ◽  
Pharmacy Service ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Service ◽  
Pharmacy Services ◽  
Drug Management ◽  
Public Health Centre ◽  
Pharmaceutical Service ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Services ◽  
Service Standards

Abstract Pharmaceutical services have been gradually applied in primary health services both in terms of pharmaceutical management and clinical pharmacy services. In order to support the implementation, the standard has been amended several times, resulting Permenkes Number 74 of 2016 Concerning the Pharmaceutical Services Standard in Public Health Centre (puskesmas) as the most updated one. This study aimed to determine the suitability of the implementation of pharmaceutical service standards in the management of medicine and clinical pharmacy at the puskesmas. The cross-sectional research design was conducted in February-November 2017. The selection of provincial locations was carried out purposively. Data collection tools were questionnaires and a list of standard pharmacy services at the puskesmas. Data were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that 54.5% of the puskesmas did not have pharmacists as the responsible person and only 18.2% of the puskesmas had sufficient pharmacist and pharmaceutical technical staff for both drug management activities and clinical pharmacy services. Comprehensive drug management activities in accordance with pharmaceutical service standards at the puskesmas have been implemented in 96.7% of puskesmas with pharmacists. Comprehensive clinical pharmacy service activities according to pharmacy service standards at puskesmas are only applied in 23.3% of puskesmas with pharmacists. The availability and ability of pharmacists in providing clinical pharmacy services in puskesmas need to be a concern. Abstrak Pelayanan kefarmasian secara bertahap telah mulai diterapkan di pelayanan kesehatan dasar, baik dalam kewajiban pengelolaan farmasi maupun pelayanan farmasi klinis. Untuk mendukung hal tersebut, standar pelayanan kefarmasian di puskesmas telah beberapa kali mengalami perubahan dan terakhir diperbaharui dengan Permenkes Nomor 74 Tahun 2016 Tentang Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian di puskesmas. Studi ini bertujuan mengetahui kesesuaian pelaksanaan standar pelayanan kefarmasian dalam pengelolaan obat dan farmasi klinik di puskesmas. Desain penelitian potong lintang dilakukan pada bulan Februari-November 2017. Pemilihan lokasi provinsi dilakukan secara purposif. Alat pengumpul data berupa kuesioner dan daftar tilik standar pelayanan kefarmasian di puskesmas. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 54,5% puskesmas belum mempunyai tenaga apoteker sebagai penanggung jawabnya dan hanya 18,2% puskesmas yang jumlah apoteker dan tenaga teknis kefarmasiannya mencukupi untuk kegiatan pengelolaan obat dan pelayanan farmasi klinik. Kegiatan pengelolaan obat yang komprehensif sesuai dengan standar pelayanan kefarmasian di puskesmas sudah diterapkan di 96,7% puskesmas yang memiliki apoteker. Kegiatan pelayanan farmasi klinis yang komprehensif sesuai standar pelayanan kefarmasian di puskesmas hanya diterapkan di 23,3% puskesmas yang memiliki apoteker. Ketersediaan dan kemampuan apoteker dalam memberikan pelayanan farmasi klinik di puskesmas perlu menjadi perhatian.

scholarly journals Clinical Pharmacy Intervention for Persons Experiencing Homelessness: Evaluation of Patient Perspectives in Service Design and Development

Pharmacy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parbir Jagpal ◽  
Nigel Barnes ◽  
Richard Lowrie ◽  
Amitava Banerjee ◽  
Vibhu Paudyal
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Pharmacy ◽  
Public Involvement ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Homeless Persons ◽  
Homeless Population ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Service ◽  
Pharmacy Services ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Services ◽  
Prescribed Medicines

Persons experiencing homelessness have a high prevalence of severe mental health problems, alcohol dependence, substance misuse and infectious hepatitis C, and face up to twelve times higher mortality rates compared to the general population. They also face barriers to accessing healthcare. However, clinical pharmacy services are currently not available to homeless populations in England. The aim of this study was to conduct public involvement sessions with persons experiencing homelessness with a view to inform the design of patient-centred clinical pharmacy healthcare services. Qualitative methodology was used, using a focus group with homeless persons from emergency shelters and one to one engagement with those sleeping rough, using a topic guide. A total of nine homeless persons took part—seven males and two females. The participants of the sessions said that patient-centred clinical pharmacy services delivered for homeless persons would address many of their unmet needs around access to medicines, their understanding of prescribed medicines and holistic management of their health. The service would be able to make a positive impact on their health outcomes by screening for health conditions, facilitating better integration across services, referral and liaison with other services, and minimising misuse of prescribed medicines. The findings of this study will be used to inform the development, implementation and evaluation of a patient-centred clinical pharmacy service tailored to meet the specific needs of the homeless population.

scholarly journals Development of a process map for the delivery of virtual clinical pharmacy services at Odette Cancer Centre during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 650-657
Author(s):  
Maria Marchese ◽  
Angela Heintzman ◽  
Mark Pasetka ◽  
Flay Charbonneau ◽  
Carlo DeAngelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Pharmacy ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
System Level ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Service ◽  
Pharmacy Services ◽  
Process Maps ◽  
Cancer Centre ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Services ◽  
Medication Therapy ◽  
Before And After

Virtual methods have been innovatively utilized to provide clinical and supportive care to patients with cancer. Oncology pharmacists have been actively involved in this movement, in order to minimize patient contact and decrease the risk of viral transmission for this high-risk group. In response to COVID-19 restrictions, the Odette Cancer Centre pharmacy modified the delivery of clinical pharmacy services (CPS), including medication histories and patient education/counseling, to a remote telephone-based model. Process maps were created to visualize workflow before and after the pandemic. Process metrics were tracked over a 6-week period. From March 25th to May 1st, 2020, 202 best-possible medication histories and baseline assessments were completed; 149 of these (74%) were completed remotely. For medication therapy counsels, 72 of 199 were completed remotely (36%). Despite workflow disruptions caused by the pandemic, these results demonstrate that clinical pharmacy service levels could be maintained by incorporating remote delivery approaches without significant investment in resources. Challenges included acceptance by patients and lack of technology to support system-level processes. Further research to develop, refine, and individualize virtual clinical pharmacy care models will help to consolidate the role of these approaches in the post-COVID-19 era.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pelatihan Pelayanan Kefarmasian terhadap Pengetahuan Pengelola Obat di Puskesmas Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafizh Amrullah ◽  
Satibi Satibi ◽  
Achmad Fudholi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Pharmacy ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Pharmacy Service ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Service ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pharmacy Services ◽  
Drug Management ◽  
Clinical Pharmacy Services ◽  
Number Of Patients

The increasing number of patients admited to primary healthcare (PHC) in the JKN era demands the readiness of PHC’s staff, especially pharmaceutical staff, to serve the community. Knowledge is a major necessity in collaborating with other health profesional to improve the quality of health services. Pharmaceutical staff who lack knowledge needs special training to improve their competences in drug management and clinical pharmacy services. This study aims to determine the effect of pharmacy service training on the knowledge of drug manager in PHC’s of Ogan Komering Ilir district. This research is a quasi-experimental design research with pre and post analysis approach in the intervention group and using the control group as a comparison. Subjects in the study were drug managers in the PHC’s of Ogan Komering Ilir district that met the criteria. The intervention was carried out by providing training to drug manager and providing pharmacy service manuals. The training material provided was based on the Pharmaceutical Services Training Curriculum compiled by Ministry of Health. Another instrument used was a validated questionnaire to measure the knowledge score of drug managers before and after training. A total of 13 drug managers participated in this study. After the training, the knowledge score of drug manager in the intervention group increased from 9.83 ± 2.401 to 12.67 ± 2.333 with value of p = 0.013. The majority of intervention group drug managers experienced an increase in knowledge both from the aspect of drug management and clinical pharmacy service aspects. This study concludes that training of drug managers has an effect on increasing knowledge of aspects of drug management and clinical pharmacy services.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document