scholarly journals The BLMP-1 transcription factor promotes oscillatory gene expression to achieve timely molting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannick P Hauser ◽  
Milou WM Meeuse ◽  
Dimos Gaidatzis ◽  
Helge Grosshans
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Transcript Level ◽  
Skin Regeneration ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Oscillatory Gene Expression ◽  
Clock Mechanism

Gene expression oscillators can coordinate developmental events in space and time. In C. elegans, a gene expression oscillator directs rhythmic accumulation of ~25% of the transcriptome, and thus thousands of transcripts, presumably to control molting, a process of rhythmic skin regeneration. The mechanism and organization of the oscillator are not known. Here, we report that rhythmic RNA polymerase II recruitment to promoters produces transcript level oscillations. We identify BLMP-1, orthologous to the mammalian transcription repressor PRDM1, as a rhythmically accumulating transcription factor that is required for timely molting, and oscillatory gene expression. We propose a dual function for BLMP-1 in shaping oscillatory gene expression and coupling it to a set of direct targets, which ensures cuticular integrity. With mammalian PRDM1/BLIMP1 promoting regular cycles of postnatal hair follicle regeneration, our findings point to the possible existence of a fundamentally conserved clock mechanism in control of rhythmic skin regeneration.

Stability of transcription complexes on class II genes

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 342-344
Author(s):  
M W Van Dyke ◽  
M Sawadogo ◽  
R G Roeder
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Tata Box ◽  
Promoter Complex ◽  
Transcription Complexes

Commitment of a TATA box-driven class II gene to transcription requires binding of only one transcription factor, TFIID. Additional factors (TFIIB, TFIIE, and RNA polymerase II) do not remain associated with the TFIID-promoter complex during the course of transcription. This indicates that there are two intermediates along the transcription reaction pathway which may be potential targets for the regulation of gene expression.

scholarly journals Stability of transcription complexes on class II genes.

1989 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 342-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
M W Van Dyke ◽  
M Sawadogo ◽  
R G Roeder
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Tata Box ◽  
Promoter Complex ◽  
Transcription Complexes

Commitment of a TATA box-driven class II gene to transcription requires binding of only one transcription factor, TFIID. Additional factors (TFIIB, TFIIE, and RNA polymerase II) do not remain associated with the TFIID-promoter complex during the course of transcription. This indicates that there are two intermediates along the transcription reaction pathway which may be potential targets for the regulation of gene expression.

scholarly journals O-GlcNAcylation and O-GlcNAc Cycling Regulate Gene Transcription: Emerging Roles in Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1666
Author(s):  
Matthew Parker ◽  
Kenneth Peterson ◽  
Chad Slawson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Gene Transcription ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Post Translational Modification ◽  
Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway ◽  
Rnap Ii ◽  
Tata Box Binding Protein

O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a single sugar post-translational modification (PTM) of intracellular proteins linking nutrient flux through the Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway (HBP) to the control of cis-regulatory elements in the genome. Aberrant O-GlcNAcylation is associated with the development, progression, and alterations in gene expression in cancer. O-GlcNAc cycling is defined as the addition and subsequent removal of the modification by O-GlcNAc Transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) provides a novel method for cells to regulate various aspects of gene expression, including RNA polymerase function, epigenetic dynamics, and transcription factor activity. We will focus on the complex relationship between phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation in the regulation of the RNA Polymerase II (RNAP II) pre-initiation complex and the regulation of the carboxyl-terminal domain of RNAP II via the synchronous actions of OGT, OGA, and kinases. Additionally, we discuss how O-GlcNAcylation of TATA-box binding protein (TBP) alters cellular metabolism. Next, in a non-exhaustive manner, we will discuss the current literature on how O-GlcNAcylation drives gene transcription in cancer through changes in transcription factor or chromatin remodeling complex functions. We conclude with a discussion of the challenges associated with studying O-GlcNAcylation and present several new approaches for studying O-GlcNAc regulated transcription that will advance our understanding of the role of O-GlcNAc in cancer.

scholarly journals Role of polycomb repressive complex 2 in regulation of human transcription factor gene expression

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay Brown
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex ◽  
Control Of Gene Expression ◽  
Polycomb Repressive Complex 2

Control of gene expression is now recognized as a central issue in the field of molecular biology. We now know the sequences of many genomes including that of the human genome, and we know the nature of many pathways involved in control of gene expression. It remains difficult, however, to look at the DNA sequences surrounding a particular gene and tell which methods of regulatory control are in use. I have been pursuing the idea that progress might be made by comparing the regulatory regions of paired gene populations in which one population is strongly expressed and the other weakly. Here I report the results obtained with human genes encoding transcription factors (TF). In this population, broadly expressed genes are strongly expressed while tissue targeted TF expression is suppressed in most tissues. The results demonstrated that the promoter region of broadly expressed TF genes is enriched in binding sites for POLR2A, a component of RNA polymerase II while promoters of tissue targeted genes are enriched in EZH2, a subunit of polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2). It was rare to observe promoters with binding sites for both POLR2A and EZH2. The findings are interpreted to indicate that strong expression of broadly expressed TF genes is due to the presence of RNA polymerase II at the promoter while weak expression of tissue targeted promoters results from the presence of PRC2. Finally, transcription factor families were compared in the proportion of broadly expressed and tissue targeted genes they contain. The results demonstrated that most families possess both broadly expressed and tissue targeted members. For instance, this was the case with 16 of 20 TF families examined. The results are interpreted to indicate that while individual TFs such as EZH2 may be specific for broadly expressed or tissue targeted genes, this is not a property of most TF families.

scholarly journals Recruitment of the protein phosphatase-1 catalytic subunit to promoters by the dual-function transcription factor RFX1

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoav Lubelsky ◽  
Yosef Shaul
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Protein Phosphatase ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Dna Binding Proteins ◽  
Protein Phosphatase 1 ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Repression Domain

SummeryRFX proteins are a family of conserved DNA binding proteins involved in various, essential cellular and developmental processes. RFX1 is a ubiquitously expressed, dual-activity transcription factor capable of both activation and repression of target genes.The exact mechanism by which RFX1 regulates its target is not known yet. In this work, we show that the C-terminal repression domain of RFX1 interacts with the Serine/Threonine protein phosphatase PP1c, and that interaction with RFX1 can target PP1c to specific sites in the genome. Given that PP1c was shown to de-phosphorylate several transcription factors, as well as the regulatory C-terminal domain of RNA Polymerase II the recruitment of PP1c to promoters may be a mechanism by which RFX1 regulates the target genes.

Nutrient-regulated gene expression in eukaryotes

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard J. Reece ◽  
Laila Beynon ◽  
Stacey Holden ◽  
Amanda D. Hughes ◽  
Karine Rébora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Signalling Pathways ◽  
A Cell ◽  
One Step ◽  
Higher Eukaryotes ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression

The recognition of changes in environmental conditions, and the ability to adapt to these changes, is essential for the viability of cells. There are numerous well characterized systems by which the presence or absence of an individual metabolite may be recognized by a cell. However, the recognition of a metabolite is just one step in a process that often results in changes in the expression of whole sets of genes required to respond to that metabolite. In higher eukaryotes, the signalling pathway between metabolite recognition and transcriptional control can be complex. Recent evidence from the relatively simple eukaryote yeast suggests that complex signalling pathways may be circumvented through the direct interaction between individual metabolites and regulators of RNA polymerase II-mediated transcription. Biochemical and structural analyses are beginning to unravel these elegant genetic control elements.

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