scholarly journals A Novel Hypothalamic Factor, Neurosecretory Protein GM, Causes Fat Deposition in Chicks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaki Kato ◽  
Eiko Iwakoshi-Ukena ◽  
Megumi Furumitsu ◽  
Kazuyoshi Ukena
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Secretory Protein ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Mediobasal Hypothalamus ◽  
Chronic Effect ◽  
Subcutaneous Infusion

We recently discovered a novel cDNA encoding the precursor of a small secretory protein, neurosecretory protein GM (NPGM), in the mediobasal hypothalamus of chickens. Although our previous study showed that subcutaneous infusion of NPGM for 6 days increased body mass in chicks, the chronic effect of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) infusion of NPGM remains unknown. In this study, chronic i.c.v. infusion of NPGM for 2 weeks significantly increased body mass, water intake, and the mass of abdominal fat in chicks, whereas NPGM did not affect food intake, muscle mass, or blood glucose concentration. Morphological analyses revealed that fat accumulation occurred in both liver and abdominal fat. These results indicate that NPGM may participate in fat storage in chicks.

Effects of food intake and composition on the concentration of glucose in the blood of lactating cattle

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 333 ◽  
Author(s):  
TJ McClure
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Maize Meal ◽  
Ad Libitum

A group of 16 cows, each suckling one calf, were fed on rations composed of maize meal, cottonseed meal, urea and rice straw in one of four different ratios and at two levels, (a) ad libitum and (b) in restricted amounts. The composition of the feed affected intake. Both the gross intake and the estimated intake of metabolizable energy were closely correlated with liveweight change. The intake of metabolizable energy was correlated with blood glucose in the cows fed ad libitum, but not in the cows fed on restricted amounts of the rations. It was concluded that feed quality significantly affected the blood glucose concentration of the lactating cows, but that within the ranges used in this experiment, feed intake and the intake of metabolizable energy had little effect.

Impact of Body Mass Index on Fasting Blood Glucose Concentration among Helicobacter pylori Carriers

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis D. Kyriazanos ◽  
Ioannis Sfiniadakis ◽  
Panagiotis Dimakos ◽  
Vasilios Gizaris ◽  
Konstantinos Datsakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose Concentration

scholarly journals Behaviour, physiology and body mass of Nigerian indigenous hens during brooding

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Oluwaseun Serah Iyasere ◽  
Oreoluwa Doyinsola Ajayi ◽  
Sade Opeyemi Alade ◽  
Victoria Omowunmi Akinbode
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Concentration Data ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
The Times

Abstract This study was conducted to investigate the behaviour, selected physiological indicators and body mass changes in Nigerian indigenous broody hens. The times spent by the hens sitting on eggs and on ingestive behaviours (feeding and drinking) were monitored between 14:00 and 18:00 h twice per week for three weeks. The growth and physiological indicators monitored were body mass, rectal temperature, breast temperature and blood glucose concentration. Data collected were analysed using repeated measures ANOVA of SPSS having week as the repeated factor. The time spent by hens sitting on the eggs (88.09 ± 5.38 – 92.91 ± 2.35 %) and on ingestive behaviours (0.06 ± 0.03 – 0.11 ± 0.07 %) were similar at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd week of brooding. The blood glucose concentration was reduced at the 1st and 2nd but increased at the 3rd week while the breast temperature (BT) increased at the 1st and 2nd but dropped at the 3rd week. The rectal temperature and body mass did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) during the three weeks of the brooding process. In conclusion, natural brooding of embryos by hens under tropical conditions was accompanied by changes in body metabolism required for generation of heat which is transferred through the breast region of the hens to the eggs without necessarily resulting in higher rectal temperature of the hens.

PKC-mediated toxicity of elevated glucose concentration on cardiomyocyte function

2014 ◽  
Vol 307 (4) ◽  
pp. H587-H597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Sims ◽  
James Winter ◽  
Sean Brennan ◽  
Robert I. Norman ◽  
G. André Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Patch Clamp Recording ◽  
Electrical Stability ◽  
Extracellular Glucose Concentration ◽  
Extracellular Glucose

While it is well established that mortality risk after myocardial infarction (MI) increases in proportion to blood glucose concentration at the time of admission, it is unclear whether there is a direct, causal relationship. We investigated potential mechanisms by which increased blood glucose may exert cardiotoxicity. Using a Wistar rat or guinea-pig isolated cardiomyocyte model, we investigated the effects on cardiomyocyte function and electrical stability of alterations in extracellular glucose concentration. Contractile function studies using electric field stimulation (EFS), patch-clamp recording, and Ca2+ imaging were used to determine the effects of increased extracellular glucose concentration on cardiomyocyte function. Increasing glucose from 5 to 20 mM caused prolongation of the action potential and increased both basal Ca2+ and variability of the Ca2+ transient amplitude. Elevated extracellular glucose concentration also attenuated the protection afforded by ischemic preconditioning (IPC), as assessed using a simulated ischemia and reperfusion model. Inhibition of PKCα and β, using Gö6976 or specific inhibitor peptides, attenuated the detrimental effects of glucose and restored the cardioprotected phenotype to IPC cells. Increased glucose concentration did not attenuate the cardioprotective role of PKCε, but rather activation of PKCα and β masked its beneficial effect. Elevated extracellular glucose concentration exerts acute cardiotoxicity mediated via PKCα and β. Inhibition of these PKC isoenzymes abolishes the cardiotoxic effects and restores IPC-mediated cardioprotection. These data support a direct link between hyperglycemia and adverse outcome after MI. Cardiac-specific PKCα and β inhibition may be of clinical benefit in this setting.

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