scholarly journals Identification of Thermotolerant Rice Genotypes with Allele Coding at Seedling Stage

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bandi Arpitha Shankar ◽  
Prashant Kaushik
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Rice Genotypes ◽  
Heat Tolerant

AbstractRice-The most important plant in the world to ensure food security. Heat is one of the main factors that greatly limit rice production. With the increasing global warming, industrialization there is a great effect on climate change which requires us to see various alternatives for strains that are more tolerant to heat so that some techniques are developed to filter a large number of genotypes for high temperature tolerance. Here we report the standardization of Temperature Induction Response (TIR) technique to identify thermotolerant rice genotypes. The phenotypic characteristics of Rice due to high temperature is calculated with germination (%), growth of the seedling and molecular analysis is also considered. The heat stress is provided to the plants with the help of TIR protocol with the adjustment of temperature to lethal (55°C) and sub-lethal levels (38-55°C) in a TIR chamber with alterations in humidity. Of the 74 genotypes screened, 14 showed thermo tolerance caused by high temperatures. Both tolerant and sensitive genotypes were separated based on their survival percentages. The tolerant class are selected based on the growth and development of genotypes having high survival percentage and also their shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights are compared to the heat tolerant checks N22, Dular and Nipponbare. These genotypes have intrinsic heat tolerance and thus can be explored as a source of donors in breeding programs intended for global warming. The molecular markers which are identified to be linked with heat tolerant class through allele code are quite helpful and can be used in marker assisted breeding approach to attain heat tolerance in cultivated varieties.

scholarly journals Morpho-Physiological Characterization of Diverse Rice Genotypes for Seedling Stage High- and Low-Temperature Tolerance

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Kambham Raja Reddy ◽  
Akanksha Seghal ◽  
Salah Jumaa ◽  
Raju Bheemanahalli ◽  
Naqeebullah Kakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Developmental Plasticity ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Response Index ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Early Seedling ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Extreme temperatures are considered one of the main constraints that limit the growth and development of rice. We elucidated the root and shoot developmental plasticity of 64 rice genotypes during early seedling establishment, using the sunlit plant growth chambers at 22/14 (low), 30/22 (optimum), and 38/30 °C (high) day/night temperatures. Low temperature severely inhibited 23 traits, such as shoot (68%), root (57%), and physiological (35%) attributes. On the contrary, the high temperature positively affected most of the shoot (48%) and root (31%) traits, except root diameter and root/shoot ratio, compared with the optimum. Alternatively, leaf chlorophyll fluorescence-associated parameters declined under low (34%) and high (8%) temperatures. A weak correlation between cumulative high-temperature response index (CHTRI) and cumulative low-temperature response index (CLTRI) indicates the operation of different low- and high-temperature tolerance mechanisms at the early seedling stage. Groups of distinct rice genotypes associated with low or high-temperature tolerance were selected based on CHTRI and CLTRI. The genotypes that commonly performed well under low and high temperatures (IR65600-81-5-2-3, CT18593-1-7-2-2-5, RU1504114, RU1504122, Bowman, and INIA Tacuari) will be valuable genetic resources for breeders in developing early-season high- and low-temperature-tolerant genotypes for a broad range of both tropical and temperate rice-growing environments.

scholarly journals Development of SCAR markers related to heat tolerance in Kentucky bluegrass

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 509-522
Author(s):  
Mingyue TU ◽  
Yali HE ◽  
Xiaoli LI ◽  
Ying ZOU ◽  
Xiaojun YUAN
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Scar Markers ◽  
Sequence Characterized Amplified Region ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cool Season Grass

As a high-quality cool-season grass, Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis) is facing increasing threat of high temperature, so improving its heat tolerance (HT) has become an important breeding target. In this study, the HT of 84 materials was identified in the artificial climate chamber, and 15 most heat-tolerant and 15 most heat-sensitive materials were selected respectively to construct two DNA pools. There was a significant difference in high-temperature tolerance time between the plants in the two pools, which was more than 22 days. A total of 304 sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and 88 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to screen the polymorphic bands between the two pools. Then, these bands were transformed into sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers, and finally 12 SCAR dominant markers related to HT were obtained, which could detect the heat-sensitive materials efficiently. Among them, S-me8×em2 and S-me52×em5 had the best identification effect, and the consistency between the absence of these two markers and the heat-sensitive phenotype was 87%. According to the comparison with NCBI database, the sequences of 12 SCAR markers had no homology with known HT related genes. Next, we would further verify the HT identification efficiency of these SCAR markers in single plants within materials, and try to use them in molecular marker-assisted breeding.  

Temperature induction response reveals intrinsic thermotolerant genotypes in soybean

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwimana Marie Ange ◽  
S. Srividhya ◽  
C. Vijayalakshmi ◽  
P. Boominathan
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Temperature Induction

The responses of soybean genotypes to high temperature for intrinsic tolerance was studied using Temperature Induction Response (TIR) technique in order identify the genotypes tolerant to high temperature stress. Seven soybean genotypes subjected to lethal and sub lethal temperatures showed significant variation for acquired thermotolerance. Thermotolerant genotypes ADT 1 and CoSoy1 identified by the TIR technique, demonstrated higher survival percentage, and lower growth reduction. Further the tolerant genotypes identified based on TIR also showed higher antioxidant enzymes activity implying the critical role of antioxidant in cellular thermotolerance. This clearly demonstrated that TIR can be effectively used for screening high temperature tolerance genotypes in soybean. This study also established the fact that the alternations in antioxidants during induction are vital for imparting tolerance to high temperature stress.

scholarly journals Agronomic, physiological and molecular characterization of rice mutants revealed key role of ROS and catalase in high temperature stress tolerance

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Adeel Zafar ◽  
Amjad Hameed ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf ◽  
Abdus Salam Khan ◽  
Zia-ul-Qamar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Heat Tolerant

AbstractPlants adapt to harsh environments particularly high temperature stress by regulating their physiological and biochemical processes, which are key tolerance mechanisms. Thus, identification of heat-tolerant rice genotypes and reliable selection indices are crucial for rice improvement programs. Here, we evaluated the response of a rice mutant population for high-temperature stress at the seedling and reproductive stages based on agronomic, physiological and molecular traits. The estimate of variance components revealed significant differences (P<0.001) among genotypes, treatments and their interaction for almost all traits. Principal component analysis showed significant diversity among the genotypes and traits under high-temperature stress. The mutant ‘HTT-121’ was identified as the most heat tolerant mutant with higher grain yield, panicle fertility, cell membrane thermo-stability (CMTS) and antioxidant enzyme levels under heat stress conditions. Various seedling-based morpho-physiological traits (leaf fresh weight, relative water contents, malondialdehyde, CMTS) and biochemical traits (superoxide dismutase, catalase and hydrogen peroxide) explained variations in grain yield that could be used as selection indices for heat tolerance in rice at early growth stages. Notably, heat sensitive mutants showed a significant accumulation of ROS level, reduced activities of catalase and upregulation of OsSRFP1 expression under heat stress, suggesting their key role in regulating heat tolerance in rice. The heat-tolerant mutants identified in this study could be used in breeding programs and the development of mapping populations to unravel the underlying genetic architecture for heat-stress adaptability.Summary text for table of contentsHeat stress probably due to changing climate scenario has become a serious threat for global rice production. On the other side, efforts to develop high yielding cultivars have led to the reduced genetic variability to withstand harsh environmental conditions. This study aimed to identify novel heat tolerant mutants developed through gamma irradiation which will provide a unique genetic resource for breeding programs. Further, we have identified reliable selection indices for screening heat-tolerant rice germplasm at early growth stages.

scholarly journals Sintering Activated Atomic Palladium Catalysts with High-Temperature Tolerance of ∼1,000°C

2020 ◽  
pp. 100287
Author(s):  
Nating Yang ◽  
Yonghui Zhao ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Weikai Xiang ◽  
Yuhan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Palladium Catalysts ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance

scholarly journals Selection of cowpea cultivars for high temperature tolerance: physiological, biochemical and yield aspects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliane Rafaele Alves Barros ◽  
Miguel Julio Machado Guimarães ◽  
Rodrigo Moura e Silva ◽  
Maydara Thaylla Cavalcanti Rêgo ◽  
Natoniel Franklin de Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Cowpea Cultivars ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Selection Of

An unprecedented high-temperature-tolerance 2D laminar MXene membrane for ultrafast hydrogen sieving

2019 ◽  
Vol 569 ◽  
pp. 117-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyi Fan ◽  
Luyang Wei ◽  
Xiuxia Meng ◽  
Weimin Zhang ◽  
Naitao Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance

High temperature tolerance and thermal plasticity in emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennis

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Sobek ◽  
Arun Rajamohan ◽  
Daniel Dillon ◽  
Robert C. Cumming ◽  
Brent J. Sinclair
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Emerald Ash Borer ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Agrilus Planipennis ◽  
Thermal Plasticity ◽  
High Temperature Tolerance

scholarly journals Effect of Heat Treatment on Physiological and Recovery Growth Status of Two Tomato Cultivars With Different Heat Susceptibility

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherzod Nigmatullayevich Rajametov ◽  
Eun Young Yang ◽  
Hyo Bong Jeong ◽  
Myeong Cheoul Cho ◽  
Soo-Young Chae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Heat Tolerant

High temperature seriously effects on plant vegetative and reproductive development and reduces productivity of plants, while to increase crop yield is the main target in most crop heat stress tolerance improvement breeding programs, not just survival, under high temperature. Our aim was to compare temperature stress tolerance in two commercial tomato cultivars &ldquo;Dafnis&rdquo; (big fruit size) and &ldquo;Minichal&rdquo; (cherry fruit size) to develop early screening methods and find out survival rate and physiological responses of tomato cultivars on high temperature (40&deg;C and within 70% RH, day/night) in 4-5 true leaf seedling stage- (4LS) and identifies the linkage of heat tolerance with fruit set and leaf heat damage rates (LHD) in seedling stage with subsequent vegetative traits at recovery. Results showed that heat stress significantly affected on physiological-chemical and vegetative parameters of seedlings regardless of tomato cultivars. Survival and the threshold level of high temperature tolerance in the seedlings of cv. &ldquo;Dafnis&rdquo; and &ldquo;Minichal&rdquo; were identified on days 7 and 9, respectively. Our findings revealed that photosynthesis (PN, Gs, Ci, Tr) parameters were increased and CHL content persisted steady value in cv. &ldquo;Minichal&rdquo; during heat stress period, however EC and RPL rates were lower than cv. &ldquo;Dafnis&rdquo;. Heat stress reduced the SFW in both cultivars in seedling stage, but PH and RFW were significantly decreased in the heat tolerant cv. &ldquo;Minichal&rdquo;, whereas this parameters were not significantly ranged in the heat susceptible cv. &ldquo;Dafnis&rdquo;. Additionally, there no found linkage between vegetative parameters with decreasing of PN and CHL rates during HT of seedlings. In plants of cv. &ldquo;Minichal&rdquo; with LHD-25, 50 and 75% were no found significant differences in PH, whereas in cv. &ldquo;Dafnis&rdquo; significant differences were determined in plants with LHD-75%, and the significant differences in rates of SFW and RFW were observed in plants of cv. &ldquo;Dafnis&rdquo; having LHD-75% for 28 days of recovery at NT condition. Taken together, we concluded that heat stress affected on physiological parameters regardless of tolerance level, and to identify heat tolerant genotype in tomato breeding program, screening and selection genotypes have to be evaluated at the vegetative and reproductive stages with consideration fruit size types. Since we could not find linkage between heat tolerances in seedling stage with fruit set at the reproductive stage and fruit set cannot be used as a general predictor of heat tolerance.

scholarly journals Assessment of Heat-tolerance Potential in QTL Introgressed Lines of Hybrid Rice Restorer, KMR-3R through PS-II Efficiency

2021 ◽  
pp. 258-266
Author(s):  
V. Jaldhani ◽  
D. Sanjeeva Rao ◽  
P. Beulah ◽  
B. Srikanth ◽  
P. R. Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Psii Photochemistry ◽  
Heat Tolerant

Aims: To assess heat-induced PSII damage and efficiency in eight promising backcross introgression lines (BC2F6) of KMR-3R/N22 possessing qHTSF1.1 and qHTSF4.1. Study Design:  Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Place and Duration of Study: ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad India during wet/rainy (Kharif) season 2018. Methodology: Eight ILs (BC2F6) and parents were evaluated for heat tolerance. The high- temperature stress was imposed by enclosing the crop with a poly cover tent (Polyhouse) just before the anthesis stage. The fluorescence parameters viz., maximum efficiency of PSII photochemistry (Fv/Fm), Electron transport rate (ETR), effective PSII quantum yield (ΦPSII), coefficient of photochemical quenching (qP) and coefficient of non-photochemical quenching (qN) were measured under ambient and high-temperature stress. Results: The heat-tolerance potential of ILs was assessed in terms of PSII activity. The results indicated that significant differences were observed between treatments (T), genotypes (G) and the interaction between T × G.  The physiological basis of introgressed QTLs controls the spikelet fertility by maintaining the productive and adaptive strategies in heat-tolerant QTL introgressed lines with stable photosynthetic apparatus (PSII) under high-temperature stress. Conclusion: The Fv/Fm ratio denotes the maximum quantum yield of PSII. The heat-tolerant QTL introgressed lines exhibited stable photosynthetic apparatus (PSII) and noted better performance under high-temperature stress. They may be used as donors for fluorescence traits in breeding rice for high-temperature tolerance.

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