scholarly journals Guiding caregivers through disclosure: a qualitative investigation into caregivers responses to a disclosure intervention for HIV-infected children in Soweto, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celeste Joyce ◽  
Candice Ramsammy ◽  
Lisa Galvin ◽  
Given Leshabane ◽  
Afaaf Liberty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Hiv Disclosure ◽  
Positive Experience ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Academic Hospital ◽  
Cognitive Readiness

Awareness of HIV status improves health outcomes in HIV infected children, yet disclosure is often delayed by hesitant caregivers. This qualitative investigation explored how 30 caregivers responded to a HIV Disclosure study conducted between 2017 and 2020 at Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto, South Africa. Caregivers were assisted in disclosing to their children, aged 7-13 years. Following that, a sub-sample of caregivers were interviewed to elaborate on findings.1) Barriers to disclosure included caregivers being ill-equipped, fear of negative consequences and children considered lacking emotional or cognitive readiness. 2) Deflecting diagnosis and the need for medication motivated caregivers to disclosure. 3) Apprehension was evident during disclosure, however, overall disclosure was a positive experience with the assurance and support of the healthcare providers. These results highlight the significant role healthcare providers play in supporting caregivers through the disclosure process and how, in turn, this has a positive impact on the community as a whole.

scholarly journals Evaluation of HIV counselling and testing, self-disclosure, social support and sexual behaviour change among a rural sample of HIV reactive patients in South Africa

Curationis ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Sethosa ◽  
K Peltzer
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Hiv Disclosure ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Hiv Test ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Hiv Counselling And Testing ◽  
Rural Sample

The aim of this study was to evaluate HIV counselling and testing, self-disclosure, social support and sexual behavior change among HIV reactive patients among a rural sample of HIV reactive patients in South Africa. The sample consisted at the post-test counselling exit interview of 55 participants (41 women and 14 men) who tested HIV-positive conveniently selected from a rural hospital and at five months follow-up at their homes 47. Results indicated that most patients had an HIV test because of medical reasons. At follow-up only 36% had disclosed their HIV status and half of the participants had had sex without condoms in the past three weeks. Major reason for not disclosing of their HIV status were being afraid of negative reactions, fear of discrimination, fear of violence, concerns about confidentiality and not yet ready. Social support was found to be significantly related to disclosure of HIV status, while counselling context and content and counselling satisfaction were not related with HIV disclosure.

scholarly journals HIV Disclosure in Children in This Millenium – Should It still be an Issue?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. U. Eneh ◽  
R. O. Ugwu ◽  
N. I. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Health ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Antiretroviral Drugs ◽  
Hiv Disclosure ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Asking Questions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The University

Background: As more children with HIV survive into adolescence and adulthood, one of the most difficult issues that families with HIV-infected children face is disclosure of their children’s status to them. Objective: To explore factors associated with disclosure or none disclosure and whether disclosure is beneficial or not. Methods: The mothers of HIV positive children who brought their children aged 5-18 years to the Paediatric Infectious Disease Clinic of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital from January to December 2015 were interviewed using a structured investigator administered questionnaire. Results: Of the 100 caregivers interviewed, 26.0% have disclosed the HIV status to the children. The mean age at disclosure was 14.42 ± 2.45 years. Care givers that have disclosed were significantly older (45.58±8.32 years vs 38.18±9.2 years; p = .0002). The mean age of children whose status have been disclosed was significantly higher than those who were yet to be aware of their status (14.42±2.45years vs 10.97±3.11 years; p = 0.00001). There was no significant difference in the mode of transmission and orphan status between the two groups. Disclosure was significantly more among children who were diagnosed between 5-10 years of age (14; 53.8%) (p=0.013), have taken antiretroviral drugs for over 24 months (22; 84.6%) (p= 0.003) and had at least one HIV-infected sibling (21; 80.8%) (p=0.00001). Among 13 (50.0%) whose status have been disclosed and 59 (79.7%) whose status had not been disclosed, the caregiver had disclosed the child’s status to others (p= 0.004). The major reason for disclosing was because the child was either asking questions on why he/she is taking drugs or he/she is refusing to take drugs (15; 57.7%) respectively. Only 6 (23.1%) caregivers disclosed because they felt the child has a right to know. Most difficult question asked by the children during disclosure was how they got the HIV (22; 84.6%). Reasons given for non-disclosure included fear of disclosure to others (74; 100%), child too young to understand (70; 94.5%) and fear of impact on child’s emotional health (42; 56.7%). Majority 20 (76.9%) of the care givers felt relieved after disclosure. Twenty-four (92.3%) caregivers felt disclosure had improved child’s adherence to antiretroviral therapy and determination to survive (22; 84.6%). Conclusion: Disclosure is beneficial to both the child and caregiver. Healthcare providers should encourage caregivers to disclose HIV status to their children as soon as possible.

scholarly journals The role played by family physicians in providing health services for the sheltered homeless populations during COVID-19 lockdown in the Tshwane district

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith N. Madela-Mntla ◽  
Wayne Renkin ◽  
Johannes F. Hugo ◽  
Paul S. Germishuys
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Short Report ◽  
Management Quality ◽  
The City

This short report describes the role that family physicians (FPs) (and family medicine registrars) played to provide care for the homeless people in shelters (both temporary and permanent) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown in the City of Tshwane, South Africa. The lockdown resulted in the establishment of a large number of temporary shelters. The FPs took on the task to provide comprehensive and coordinated primary care, whilst extending their activities in terms of data management, quality improvement, capacity building and research. The FPs worked in teams with other healthcare providers and contributed a unique set of skills to the process. This report demonstrates the value of responding quickly and appropriately through communication, cooperation and innovation. It also demonstrates the large number of areas in which FPs can make a difference when engaged appropriately, with the necessary support and collaboration, thus making a positive impact in the already overburdened health services.

Impact of Job Stress and Social Support on Job Satisfaction among Academic Staff

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumari Kumkum ◽  
R. N. Singh ◽  
Yogershi Rajpoot
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Job Stress ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Four Dimensions

There may be so many negative consequences of stress for human beings and dissatisfaction among employees happens to be one of the major problems. It indicates negative feelings that individuals have regarding their jobs or its facets. On the other hand, social support is assumed to be mitigating the relationship between negative aspects of the work environment and job satisfaction. Job stress is said to be associated with job dissatisfaction as well as experience of strain. In view of the above, this study examined the role of job stress and social support in job satisfaction. The sample consisted of 30 school teachers from different school of Varanasi (U.P.). The job stress, job satisfaction and social support scales were administered on the participants. The responses of the participants were converted into scores for statistical analyses. The scores of participants on the scales were correlated. The findings revealed that job stress led to increased job satisfaction. It is against the proposed hypothesis and it appears as if the social support received by the participants is a factor behind it. Two of the four dimensions of social support were found to exert positive impact on job satisfaction but the other two dimensions were not found to be correlated with it. The findings are thoroughly discussed and interpreted.

scholarly journals Experiences and impact of international medical volunteering: a multi-country mixed methods study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e041599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary McCauley ◽  
Joanna Raven ◽  
Nynke van den Broek
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
International Medical ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Medical Volunteers ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo assess the experience and impact of medical volunteers who facilitated training workshops for healthcare providers in maternal and newborn emergency care in 13 countries.SettingsBangladesh, Ghana, India, Kenya, Malawi, Namibia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Tanzania, UK and Zimbabwe.ParticipantsMedical volunteers from the UK (n=162) and from low-income and middle-income countries (LMIC) (n=138).Outcome measuresExpectations, experience, views, personal and professional impact of the experience of volunteering on medical volunteers based in the UK and in LMIC.ResultsUK-based medical volunteers (n=38) were interviewed using focus group discussions (n=12) and key informant interviews (n=26). 262 volunteers (UK-based n=124 (47.3%), and LMIC-based n=138 (52.7%)) responded to the online survey (62% response rate), covering 506 volunteering episodes. UK-based medical volunteers were motivated by altruism, and perceived volunteering as a valuable opportunity to develop their skills in leadership, teaching and communication, skills reported to be transferable to their home workplace. Medical volunteers based in the UK and in LMIC (n=244) reported increased confidence (98%, n=239); improved teamwork (95%, n=232); strengthened leadership skills (90%, n=220); and reported that volunteering had a positive impact for the host country (96%, n=234) and healthcare providers trained (99%, n=241); formed sustainable partnerships (97%, n=237); promoted multidisciplinary team working (98%, n=239); and was a good use of resources (98%, n=239). Medical volunteers based in LMIC reported higher satisfaction scores than those from the UK with regards to impact on personal and professional development.ConclusionHealthcare providers from the UK and LMIC are highly motivated to volunteer to increase local healthcare providers’ knowledge and skills in low-resource settings. Further research is necessary to understand the experiences of local partners and communities regarding how the impact of international medical volunteering can be mutually beneficial and sustainable with measurable outcomes.

scholarly journals Qualitative investigation of trace-based communication: how are traces conceptualised in healthcare teamwork?

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e038406
Author(s):  
Sayra Cristancho ◽  
Emily Field
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Constructivist Grounded Theory ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Qualitative Investigation ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
Saving Face ◽  
Critical Process ◽  
Biological Literature

ObjectivesThis interview-based qualitative study aims to explore how healthcare providers conceptualise trace-based communication and considers its implications for how teams work. In the biological literature, trace-based communication refers to the non-verbal communication that is achieved by leaving ‘traces’ in the environment and other members sensing them and using them to drive their own behaviour. Trace-based communication is a key component of swam intelligence and has been described as a critical process that enables superorganisms to coordinate work and collectively adapt. This paper brings awareness to its existence in the context of healthcare teamwork.DesignInterview-based study using Constructivist Grounded Theory methodology.SettingThis study was conducted in multiple team contexts at one of Canada’s largest acute-care teaching hospitals.Participants25 clinicians from across professions and disciplines. Specialties included surgery, anesthesiology, psychiatry, internal medicine, geriatrics, neonatology, paramedics, nursing, intensive care, neurology and emergency medicine.InterventionNot relevant due to the qualitative nature of the study.Primary and secondary outcomeNot relevant due to the qualitative nature of the study.ResultsThe dataset was analysed using the sensitising concept of ‘traces’ from Swarm Intelligence. This study brought to light novel and unique elements of trace-based communication in the context of healthcare teamwork including focused intentionality, successful versus failed traces and the contextually bounded nature of the responses to traces. While participants initially felt ambivalent about the idea of using traces in their daily teamwork, they provided a variety of examples. Through these examples, participants revealed the multifaceted nature of the purposes of trace-based communication, including promoting efficiency, preventing mistakes and saving face.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that clinicians pervasively use trace-based communication despite differences in opinion as to its implications for teamwork and safety. Other disciplines have taken up traces to promote collective adaptation. This should serve as inspiration to at least start exploring this phenomenon in healthcare.

From “Secret” to “Sensitive Issue”: Shifting Ideas About HIV Disclosure Among Middle-Aged and Older Rural South Africans in the Era of Antiretroviral Treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 089826432110202
Author(s):  
Enid Schatz ◽  
Ifeolu David ◽  
Nicole Angotti ◽  
F. Xavier Gómez-Olivé ◽  
Sanyu A. Mojola
Keyword(s):  
Older Persons ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Hiv Disclosure ◽  
Death Sentence ◽  
Treatment As Prevention ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Rural South ◽  
South Africans

Objective As HIV shifts from “death sentence” to “chronic condition,” disclosure of HIV status to intimate partners and family is a significant component of both prevention and treatment adherence. While disclosure is closely considered in many studies, few examine middle-aged and older persons’ (age 40+) perspectives or practices. We trace older rural South Africans’ views on HIV disclosure to their partners and family members in a high prevalence community over a period of extensive antiretroviral treatment (ART) rollout. Methods Community focus group discussions (FGD) conducted in 2013 and 2018 show shifts in older persons’ thinking about HIV disclosure. Findings Our FGD participants saw fewer negative consequences of disclosure in 2018 than in 2013, and highlighted positive outcomes including building trust (partners) as well as greater support for medication collection and adherence (family). Discussion Particularly as the epidemic ages in South Africa and globally, tracing changes in older persons’ views on disclosure is an important step in developing messaging that could enhance treatment as prevention and ART adherence.

scholarly journals Healthcare Providers’ Perceptions of Challenges with Frequent Users of Emergency Department Care in Switzerland: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110281
Author(s):  
Patrick Bodenmann ◽  
Miriam Kasztura ◽  
Madison Graells ◽  
Elodie Schmutz ◽  
Oriane Chastonay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Emergency Department Care ◽  
Frequent Users ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ed Overcrowding ◽  
Ed Visits

Frequent users of emergency departments (FUED; ≥ 5 ED visits/year) commonly cumulate medical, social, and substance use problems requiring complex and sustained care coordination often unavailable in ED. This study aimed to explore ED healthcare providers’ challenges related to FUED care to gain insight into the support and resources required to address FUED complex needs. An online survey was sent to all general adult emergency services within Switzerland (N = 106). Participants were asked to indicate the extent to which they perceived that FUED represented a problem and to describe the main challenges encountered. In total, 208 physicians and nurses from 75 EDs (70.7%) completed the survey. Among the 208 participants, 134 (64%) reported that FUED represented a challenge and 133 described 1 to 5 challenges encountered. A conventional content analysis yielded 4 main categories of perceived challenges. Negative consequences in the ED secondary to FUED’s presence (eg, ED overcrowding, staff helplessness, and fatigue) was the most frequently reported challenge, followed by challenges related to FUEDs’ characteristics (eg, mental health and social problems) leading to healthcare complexity. The third most frequently encountered challenge was related to the ED inappropriateness and inefficiency to address FUEDs’ needs. Finally, challenges related to the lack of FUED healthcare network were the least often mentioned. ED healthcare providers experience a wide range of challenges related to FUED care. These findings suggest that currently EDs nor their staff are equipped to address FUEDs’ complex needs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document