Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from canine clinical cases at a veterinary academic hospital in South Africa

AbstractThe proliferation of extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa represent a major public health threat. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial resistance patterns of P. aeruginosa strains and characterized the ESBLs and Metallo- β-lactamases (MBL) produced. Strains of P. aeruginosa cultured from patients who attended Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital and other clinics in the four district municipalities of the Eastern Cape between August 2017 and May 2019 were identified; antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out against thirteen clinically relevant antibiotics using the BioMérieux VITEK 2 and confirmed by Beckman autoSCAN-4 System. Real-time PCR was done using Roche Light Cycler 2.0 to detect the presence of ESBLs; blaSHV, blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes; and MBLs; blaIMP, blaVIM. Strains of P. aeruginosa demonstrated resistance to wide-ranging clinically relevant antibiotics including piperacillin (64.2%), followed by aztreonam (57.8%), cefepime (51.5%), ceftazidime (51.0%), piperacillin/tazobactam (50.5%), and imipenem (46.6%). A total of 75 (36.8%) multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains were observed of the total pool of isolates. The blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M was detected in 79.3%, 69.5% and 31.7% isolates (n = 82), respectively. The blaIMP was detected in 1.25% while no blaVIM was detected in any of the strains tested. The study showed a high rate of MDR P. aeruginosa in our setting. The vast majority of these resistant strains carried blaTEM and blaSHV genes. Continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance and strict compliance towards infection prevention and control practices are the best defence against spread of MDR P. aeruginosa.

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Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns and Prevalence of blaPER-1 and blaVEB-1 Genes Among ESBL-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates in West of Iran

Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.5812/jjm.8888 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Mohammad Yousef Alikhani ◽

Zahra Karimi Tabar ◽

Fatemeh Mihani ◽

Enayat Kalantar ◽

Pegman Karami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Resistance Patterns

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Evaluating the antimicrobial resistance patterns and molecular frequency of blaoxa-48 and blaGES-2 genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from burn wound infection in Tehran, Iran

New Microbes and New Infections ◽

10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100686 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 37 ◽

pp. 100686

Author(s):

F. Tarafdar ◽

B. Jafari ◽

T. Azimi

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Wound Infection ◽

Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽

Burn Wound ◽

Resistance Patterns

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Laboratory based antimicrobial resistance surveillance for Pseudomonas aeruginosa blood isolates from South Africa

The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries ◽

10.3855/jidc.9539 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (08) ◽

pp. 616-624

Author(s):

Ashika Singh-Moodley ◽

Adriano Duse ◽

Preneshni Naicker ◽

Ranmini Kularatne ◽

Trusha Nana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽

Bacterial Infections ◽

Treatment Guidelines ◽

Resistance Mechanisms ◽

Multi Drug Resistance ◽

Hospital Treatment ◽

Baseline Information

Introduction: Antimicrobial resistant bacterial infections are widespread globally and increases in antimicrobial resistance presents a major threat to public health. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic healthcare-associated pathogen with high rates of morbidity and mortality and an extensive range of resistance mechanisms. This study describes the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of P. aeruginosa isolates from patients with bacteraemia submitted by sentinel laboratories in South Africa from 2014 to 2015. Methodology: Organism identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were done using automated systems. Molecular methods were used to detect common resistance genes and mechanisms. Results: Overall the susceptibility was high for all antibiotics tested with a decrease over the two-year period. There was no change in the MIC50 and MIC90 breakpoints for all antibiotics from 2014 to 2015. The MIC50 was within the susceptible breakpoint range for most antibiotics and the MIC90 was within the susceptible breakpoint range for colistin only. Phenotypically carbapenem non-susceptible isolates harboured the following plasmid-mediated genes: blaVIM (n = 81, 12%) and blaGES (n = 6, 0.9%); blaNDM (n = 4, 0.6%) and blaOXA-48 and variants (n = 3, 0.45%). Porin deletions were observed in one meropenem non-susceptible isolate only, and multi-drug resistance efflux pumps were expressed in the majority of the non-susceptible isolates investigated. BlaVEB-1, blaIMP and blaKPC were not detected. Conclusion: The prevalence of resistance to commonly used antibacterial agents was low for P. aeruginosa isolates and similarly, tested resistance mechanisms were detected in a relatively small proportion of isolates. Findings in this study represent baseline information for understanding antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in P. aeruginosa isolates from blood. Our surveillance report may assist in contributing to hospital treatment guidelines.

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Molecular Characteristics and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients attending Healthcare Facilities in Mthatha, South Africa

10.21203/rs.3.rs-16668/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mojisola C. Hosu ◽

Sandeep D. Vasaikar ◽

Grace E. Okuthe ◽

teke apalata

Keyword(s):

Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽

Antibiotic Resistance ◽

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Resistance Mechanisms ◽

High Rate ◽

Infection Prevention And Control ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Resistance Patterns

Abstract Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common pathogen causing healthcare-associated infections most especially in critically ill and immunocompromised patients. This pathogen poses a public health threat due to its innate resistance to many antimicrobial agents and its ability to acquire new resistance mechanisms under pressure. Infections with Extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL)‑producing isolates result into outbreaks that lead to serious antibiotic management concerns with higher mortality and morbidity and significant economic causatives. In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial resistance patterns and characterized genetically the ESBLs and Metallo- β-lactamases (MBL) produced by this pathogen. Methods: Isolates of P. aeruginosa cultured from patients who attended Nelson Mandela Academic Hospital and other clinics in the four district municipalities of the Eastern Cape between August 2017 and May 2019 were identified; and their antibiotic resistance patterns were tested against amikacin, aztreonam, cefepime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, doripenem, gentamicin, imipenem, levofloxacin, meropenem, piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam and tobramycin using the bioMérieux VITEK® 2 and confirmed by Beckman autoSCAN-4 System. Real-time PCR was done using Roche Light Cycler 2.0 to detect the presence of ESBLs; blaSHV, blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes; and MBLs; blaIMP, blaVIM. Results: High antibiotic resistance in decreasing order was observed in piperacillin (64.2%), aztreonam (57.8%), cefepime (51.5%), ceftazidime (51.0%), piperacillin/tazobactam (50.5%), and imipenem (46.6%). A total of 75 (36.8%) multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates were observed of the total pool of isolates. The blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M was detected in 79.3%, 69.5% and 31.7% isolates (n=82), respectively. The blaIMP was detected in 1.25% while no blaVIM was detected in any of the isolates tested. Conclusions: The study showed a high rate of MDR P. aeruginosa in our setting. The vast majority of these resistant isolates carried blaTEM and blaSHV genes. Continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance and strict compliance towards infection prevention and control practices are the best defence against spread of MDR P. aeruginosa.

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