scholarly journals Environmental and Socioeconomic Factors Associated with West Nile Virus

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Hernandez ◽  
AL Joyce ◽  
R Torres
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Median Income ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Socioeconomic Variables ◽  
Chi Squared

AbstractEnvironmental and socioeconomic risk factors associated with West Nile Virus cases were investigated in the Northern San Joaquin Valley region of California, a largely rural area. The study included human West Nile Virus (WNV) cases from the years 2011-2015 in the three county area of San Joaquin, Stanislaus and Merced Counties, and examined whether factors were associated with WNV using census tracts as the unit of analysis. Environmental factors included temperature, precipitation, mosquitoes positive for WNV, and habitat. Socioeconomic variables included age, education, housing age, home vacancies, median income, population density, ethnicity, and language spoken. Chi-squared independence tests were used to examine whether each variable was associated with WNV in each county, and then also used for the three counties combined. Logistic regression was used for a three-county combined analysis, to examine which environmental and socioeconomic variables were most likely associated with WNV cases. The chi-squared tests found that the variables associated with WNV varied in each of the three counties. The chi-squared tests for data combined from the three counties found that WNV cases were significantly associated with mosquitoes positive for WNV, urban habitat, higher home vacancies, higher population density, higher education, and ethnicity. Logistic regression analysis revealed that overall, the environmental factors precipitation, mean temperature, and WNV positive mosquitoes were the strongest predictors of WNV cases. Results support efforts of mosquito control districts, which aim for source reduction of mosquito breeding sites. In addition, findings suggest that residents with higher income and education may be more aware of WNV and its symptoms, and more likely to request testing from physicians. Lower income and education residents may not be aware of WNV. Public health education might increase its prevention messages about vector-borne disease in the various languages of the region, which would contribute overall to public health in the region.

scholarly journals Rapid GIS-based profiling of West Nile virus transmission: defining environmental factors associated with an urbansuburban outbreak in Northeast Ohio, USA

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Desiree LaBeaud ◽  
Ann-Marie Gorman ◽  
Joe Koonce ◽  
Christopher Kippes ◽  
John McLeod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
West Nile Virus Transmission

Examination of the geographical variation in human West Nile virus: a spatial filtering approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 142 (12) ◽  
pp. 2522-2529 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. TEVIE ◽  
A. BOHARA ◽  
R. B. VALDEZ
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Instrumental Variable ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Spatial Filtering ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Human West Nile Virus ◽  
Home Foreclosures

SUMMARYThis paper examines the importance of environmental factors (mosquito pools and home foreclosures) in human West Nile virus (WNV) transmission in California and Colorado. The role of environmental factors is investigated by applying an instrumental variable technique to a spatial filtering random-effects negative binomial model to correct for both spatial autocorrelation and endogeneity. The results suggest that mosquito pools and home foreclosures are significant in explaining the prevalence of human WNV. An innovative aspect of this research is that it emphasizes the role of home foreclosures in WNV transmission and in the allocation of resources. Knowledge of the factors associated with WNV prevalence is crucial for abatement of future outbreaks. The results suggest that more resources should be allocated to areas that have a high number of home foreclosures and mosquito pools for surveillance and mitigation of the disease.

Characterizing the acceptability of a vaccine for West Nile virus by public health practitioners

Vaccine ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (19) ◽  
pp. 3423-3427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tasha Epp ◽  
Shannon Waldner ◽  
Judith Wright ◽  
Phil Curry ◽  
Hugh G. Townsend ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Public Health Practitioners

scholarly journals Ecologic Factors Associated with West Nile Virus Transmission, Northeastern United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1539-1545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi E. Brown ◽  
James E. Childs ◽  
Maria A. Diuk-Wasser ◽  
Durland Fish
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
West Nile Virus Transmission

scholarly journals Data-Driven Decision Making and Proactive Citizen–Scientist Communication: A Cross-Sectional Study on COVID-19 Vaccination Adherence

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1384
Author(s):  
Emil Syundyukov ◽  
Martins Mednis ◽  
Linda Zaharenko ◽  
Eva Pildegovica ◽  
Ieva Danovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Digital Platform ◽  
Factors Associated

Due to the severe impact of COVID-19 on public health, rollout of the vaccines must be large-scale. Current solutions are not intended to promote an active collaboration between communities and public health researchers. We aimed to develop a digital platform for communication between scientists and the general population, and to use it for an exploratory study on factors associated with vaccination readiness. The digital platform was developed in Latvia and was equipped with dynamic consent management. During a period of six weeks 467 participants were enrolled in the population-based cross-sectional exploratory study using this platform. We assessed demographics, COVID-19-related behavioral and personal factors, and reasons for vaccination. Logistic regression models adjusted for the level of education, anxiety, factors affecting the motivation to vaccinate, and risk of infection/severe disease were built to investigate their association with vaccination readiness. In the fully adjusted multiple logistic regression model, factors associated with vaccination readiness were anxiety (odds ratio, OR = 3.09 [95% confidence interval 1.88; 5.09]), feelings of social responsibility (OR = 1.61 [1.16; 2.22]), and trust in pharmaceutical companies (OR = 1.53 [1.03; 2.27]). The assessment of a large number of participants in a six-week period show the potential of a digital platform to create a data-driven dialogue on vaccination readiness.

scholarly journals Assessment of self-care practices among hypertensive patients: a clinic based study in rural area of Singur, West Bengal

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aparajita Dasgupta ◽  
Sembagamuthu Sembiah ◽  
Bobby Paul ◽  
Ayon Ghosh ◽  
Bijit Biswas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Self Care ◽  
The Self ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Care Practices

Background: Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure is a global public health concern. It is an important modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. It remains silent, being generally asymptomatic during its clinical course and it accounts for a large proportion of cardiovascular deaths; lifestyle modification is the first line of intervention for all patients with hypertension, yet it was never been empirical. The aim of the study was to assess the pattern of self-care practices, if any and also to find out the factors associated with it, among the hypertensive patients in the outpatient department. Methods: A clinic-based, observational, cross-sectional study was conducted at health center under RHU & TC, Singur, which is the rural field practice area of All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata among 124 hypertensive subjects. Binary logistic regression was done to find out the factors associated with the self-care practices using SPSS software. Results: In the present study, 62.9% of study participants suffering from hypertension had unfavourable self-care practices. Logistic regression showed age above 60 years (OR-3.1), primary level education (OR-5.6), poor socio economic status (OR-2.4), widow/separated (OR-3.3) and people with self-perceived poor health status (OR-2.8)had significant association with unfavourable self-care practices. After adjusting with other variables, age (AOR-2.3) and education (AOR-3.8) remained significant predictor of outcome. Conclusions: The findings revealed that the self-care practices among hypertensive patients were unfavourable in rural area. This calls for a deep need in increasing the awareness about healthy lifestyle among hypertensive patients. This study provides key elements to affect policy changes and social interventions. 

West Nile virus lineage 2 in Sardinian wild birds in 2012: a further threat to public health

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (11) ◽  
pp. 2313-2316 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. SAVINI ◽  
G. PUGGIONI ◽  
A. DI GENNARO ◽  
G. DI FRANCESCO ◽  
A. M. ROCCHIGIANI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Homologous Sequence ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Lineage 2 ◽  
High Level

SUMMARYWest Nile virus (WNV) strains belonging to lineage 2 were detected and isolated from the tissues of a goshawk and two carrion crows in Sardinia in August 2012. According to NS3 sequence analysis, the Sardinian isolates shared a high level of similarity with those of Italian lineage 2 strains which circulated in 2011 and with the homologous sequence of the 2004 Hungarian isolate. Following the human fatality reported in 2011 in Olbia, this study is the first to report the spread and enzootic circulation of WNV lineage 2 in Sardinia.

scholarly journals Epidemiological surveillance of West Nile virus in the world and Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. e164335
Author(s):  
Erica Azevedo Costa ◽  
José Joffre Martins Bayeux ◽  
Aila Solimar Gonçalves Silva ◽  
Guilherme Alves De Queiroz ◽  
Beatriz Senra Álvares da Silva Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Serological Screening ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurovirulent mosquito-borne Flavivirus that is maintained in nature by a zoonotic transmissioncycle between avian hosts and ornithophilic mosquito vectors, mostly from the Culex genus. Until the 1990s, WNV wasconsidered to be an old-world arbovirus, but in 1999, WNV emerged in the United States (US) and spread rapidly, becoming amajor threat to public health. WNV adapted to the transmission cycle involving American mosquitoes and birds and reachedCentral and South America in subsequent years. In 2003, the National West Nile Fever Surveillance System was created in Brazilbased on serological screening of animals and sentinel vectors, as recommended by the Pan American Health Organization(PAHO) and the World Health Organization (WHO). Since 2008, serological evidence of WNV infection in Brazilian horseshas been reported, and the circulation of WNV has been monitored through the regular serological screening of sentinel horsesand reporting of encephalomyelitis cases. Horses are highly susceptible to WNV infection, and outbreaks of neurologicaldisease among horses often precede human cases. In this regard, equine surveillance has been essential in providing earlywarning to public and animal health authorities in several countries, including Brazil. This demonstrates the need for animaland public health intervention programs to allocate resources to make veterinarians aware of the role they can play in thehuman surveillance processes by monitoring horses. This review discusses the importance of equine surveillance and the gapthat veterinarians can fill on the front line in human surveillance, in Brazil and worldwide, in the context of “One Health”

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document