scholarly journals Factors Affecting Electroconvulsive Therapy Ictal Outcomes: Duration and Postictal Suppression

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy Marie Ingram ◽  
Cody Weston ◽  
Wei Dar Lu ◽  
Caleb Hodge ◽  
S. Mark Poler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Patient Response ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Therapeutic Outcomes ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Postictal Suppression

AbstractElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective and rapid treatment for severe depression, however predictors of therapeutic outcomes remain insufficiently understood. Ictal duration and postictal suppression are two outcomes that may be correlated with patient response, yet patient and treatment variables which may influence these outcomes have not been thoroughly explored. We collected ECT stimulus metrics, EEG parameters, patient demographics, primary diagnosis, and anesthesia type for retrospective ECTs. Univariate and multivariate mixed-effects linear regression models were used to identify variables associated with ictal duration and postictal suppression index. For both outcomes, multivariate models which included all variables resulted in the best fit, reflecting the complex influences of a variety of factors on the ictal response. These results are an important step forward in elucidating patterns in retrospective ECT clinical data which may lead to new clinical knowledge of modifiable factors to optimize ECT treatment outcomes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of cumulative cognitive deficits from electroconvulsive therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 208 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
George G. Kirov ◽  
Laura Owen ◽  
Hazel Ballard ◽  
Adele Leighton ◽  
Kara Hannigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Memory Problems ◽  
Effect Regression ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting Performance

BackgroundElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the most effective acute treatment for severe depression, but widely held concerns about memory problems may limit its use.AimsTo find out whether repeated or maintenance courses of ECT cause cumulative cognitive deterioration.MethodAnalysis of the results of 10 years of cognitive performance data collection from patients who have received ECT. The 199 patients had a total of 498 assessments, undertaken after a mean of 15.3 ECT sessions (range 0–186). A linear mixed-effect regression model was used, testing whether an increasing number of ECT sessions leads to deterioration in performance.ResultsThe total number of previous ECT sessions had no effect on cognitive performance. The major factors affecting performance were age, followed by the severity of depression at the time of testing and the number of days since the last ECT session.ConclusionsRepeated courses of ECT do not lead to cumulative cognitive deficits. This message is reassuring for patients, carers and prescribers who are concerned about memory problems and confusion during ECT.

scholarly journals Depression, anxiety and stress among patients with inflammatory bowel disease during the COVID-19 pandemic: Australian national survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000581
Author(s):  
Madiha Cheema ◽  
Nikola Mitrev ◽  
Leanne Hall ◽  
Maria Tiongson ◽  
Golo Ahlenstiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Chronic Illnesses ◽  
Electronic Survey ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

BackgroundThe global COVID-19 pandemic has impacted on the mental health of individuals, particularly those with chronic illnesses. We aimed to quantify stress, anxiety and depression among individuals with Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Australia during the pandemic.MethodsAn electronic survey was made available to IBD patients Australia-wide from 17 June to 12 July 2020. Respondents with an underlying diagnosis of IBD and over 18 years of age were included. A validated questionnaire (Depression, Anxiety, Stress Score-21, DASS21) was used to assess depression, anxiety and stress. Data on potential predictors of depression, anxiety and stress were collected.Results352 participated in the survey across Australia. 60.5% of respondents fulfilled DASS criteria for at least moderate depression, anxiety or stress. 45% reported a pre-existing diagnosis of depression and/or anxiety. Over 2/3 of these respondents reported worsening of their pre-existing depression/anxiety due to the current pandemic. Of those without a pre-existing diagnosis of anxiety or depression, high rates of at least moderate to severe depression (34.9%), anxiety (32.0%) and stress (29.7%) were noted. Younger age (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94 to 0.98, p<0.001), lack of access to an IBD nurse (OR 1.81, 95% CI 1.03 to 3.19, p=0.04) and lack of education on reducing infection risk (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.13 to 3.50, p=0.017) were associated with significant stress, anxiety and/or depression.ConclusionHigh prevalence of undiagnosed depression, anxiety and stress was identified among respondents. Improved access to IBD nurse support and greater attention to education are modifiable factors that may reduce depression, anxiety and/or stress among patients with IBD during the pandemic.

scholarly journals Successful electroconvulsive therapy for depression in a man with cerebral amyloid angiopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e238922
Author(s):  
Geert Schurgers ◽  
Baer M G Arts ◽  
Alida A Postma ◽  
Anna de Kort
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Amyloid Angiopathy ◽  
Amyloid Beta Protein ◽  
Cerebral Blood Vessels ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Aβ Clearance ◽  
Cerebral Amyloid ◽  
The Impact

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a condition characterised by accumulation of amyloid beta protein (Aβ) in the wall of cerebral blood vessels which increases the risk of intracranial haemorrhage and contributes to cognitive impairment. We describe the case of a man around the age of 70 with ‘probable’ CAA according to the modified Boston criteria and severe depression whose depression was treated successfully with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). To the best of our knowledge, there are no earlier published reports of ECT in a patient with CAA. We briefly discuss possible safety measures for these patients, the impact of ECT on cognition in CAA and a possible influence of ECT on Aβ clearance.

scholarly journals Factors Related to Greater Functional Recovery after Suffering a Stroke

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 802
Author(s):  
María Vázquez-Guimaraens ◽  
José L. Caamaño-Ponte ◽  
Teresa Seoane-Pillado ◽  
Javier Cudeiro
Keyword(s):  
Functional Status ◽  
Hospital Discharge ◽  
Functional Independence Measure ◽  
Inpatient Rehabilitation ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Rehabilitation Service ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Functional Assessments

Background: In a stroke, the importance of initial functional status is fundamental for prognosis. The aim of the current study was to investigate functional status, assessed by the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scale, and possible predictors of functional outcome at discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Methods: This is a retrospective study that was carried out at the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Service in A Coruña (Spain). A total of 365 consecutive patients with primary diagnosis of stroke were enrolled. The functional assessments of all patients were performed through the FIM. A descriptive and a bivariate analysis of the variables included in the study was made and a succession of linear regression models was used to determine which variables were associated with the total FIM at discharge. Results: Prior to having the stroke, 76.7% were totally independent in activities of daily living. The FIM scale score was 52.5 ± 25.5 points at admission and 83.4 ± 26.3 at hospital discharge. The multivariate analysis showed that FIM scores on admission were the most important predictors of FIM outcomes. Conclusions: Our study indicates that the degree of independence prior to admission after suffering a stroke is the factor that will determine the functionality of patients at hospital discharge.

What Are the Factors Affecting Total Sleep Time During Video Polysomnography in Infants?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace R. Paul ◽  
Don Hayes ◽  
Dmitry Tumin ◽  
Ish Gulati ◽  
Sudarshan Jadcherla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Sleep Time ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
Initial Management ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Medical Complexity

Objective The aim of the study is to investigate factors affecting total sleep time (TST) during infant polysomnography (PSG) and assess if <4 hours of TST is sufficient for accurate interpretation. Study Design Overall, 242 PSGs performed in 194 infants <6 months of chronological age between March 2013 and December 2015 were reviewed to identify factors that affect TST, including age of infant, location and timing of study, presence of medical complexity, and presence of nasal tubes. A continuum of apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) in relation to TST was reviewed. Data were examined in infants who had TST <4 hours and low AHI. Results Greater TST (p < 0.001) was noted among infants during nocturnal PSGs, at older chronological and post-menstrual ages, and without medical complexity. The presence of nasogastric/impedance probes reduced TST (p = 0.002). Elevated AHIs were identified even in PSGs with TST <4 hours. Short TST may have affected interpretation and delayed initial management in one infant without any inadvertent complications. Conclusion Clinical factors such as PMA and medical complexity, and potentially modifiable factors such as time of day and location of study appeared to affect TST during infant PSGs. TST < 4 hours can be sufficient to identify high AHI allowing physician interpretation. Key Points

scholarly journals Analysis of factors affecting the market capitalization of the largest oil companies in Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 142-149
Author(s):  
Vladimir Nikolaevich PODKORYTOV ◽  
◽  
Lyudmila Anatol’evna MOCHALOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Equity Capital ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Market Capitalization ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Operating Profit ◽  
Cost Factors ◽  
Oil Company

Relevance. The stock exchange prices of shares reflect the view from the market position of the value of a particular public company: the market capitalization of the issuing company acts as a value indicator. The volatility of stock prices, on the other hand, determines the dynamics of market capitalization. In this regard, the problem of market capitalization management and its forecasting in the future becomes urgent. Taking into account the raw materials orientation of the Russian economy, enterprises of the mineral raw materials complex are of particular interest from the point of view of value management. The purpose of the study is to identify the most significant external and internal cost factors affecting the market capitalization of the largest oil companies in Russia, and to calculate promising cost management models. Research methods. In the process of studying value factors on the basis of retrospective statistical data and methods of correlation analysis were used. Results. The correlation analysis of the following variables was carried out: price per 1 share of an oil company observed on the Moscow Exchange; the price of Brent crude oil; revenues from sales; operating profit; net profit; company assets; equity capital of the company. Based on the analysis, the factors with the highest correlation coefficients were selected in relation to the dependent variable “price per 1 share of an oil company observed on the Moscow Exchange”, as well as with relatively low values of pair correlation coefficients directly with each other in order to avoid the effect of multicollinearity. The variables included in the model are: the price of Brent crude; revenues from sales; operating profit; company assets; equity capital of the company. Linear regression models have been constructed for PAO Rosneft, PAO Lukoil, and PAO Tatneft. Conclusions. A detailed analysis of the obtained linear regression models taking into account the correlation coefficients, t-statistics, significance level values (P-values), determination coefficients R2, calculated values of F-criteria showed generally conflicting results. The most significant models are single-factor price models, in which sales revenue acts as an independent variable. Other models require their refinement through careful analysis and more observations. It is planned to continue research and search for cost factors that affect the change in market capitalization not only for oil companies but for other enterprises of the mineral resource complex as well.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PRODUKSI SUSU SAPI PERAH KELOMPOK TANI TERNAK SAPI PERAH (KTTSP) KANIA, KABUPATEN BOGOR

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-160
Author(s):  
Adam Adinegoro ◽  
Edmon Daris ◽  
Zulmanery Z
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Cattle Ranchers ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Models

The purpose of this study are: (1) to identify and to analyze the factors that influence milk production of dairy cattles, and (2) to determine the elasticity of milk production. This research was conducted at the Dairy cattle group KANIA, Bogor. Data were obtained from interviews and questionnaires with cattle ranchers. Multiple linear regression models and elasticity calculations were employed to analyze the data with the Excel 2007 and software for Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) version 16. Results of the analysis revealed that the factors affecting milk production is labor, forages, and feed concentrates. The result of the calculation of the elasticity indicated that all production variables are elastic variables.

scholarly journals Adherence to and Persistence With Statin Therapy in a Veteran Population

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kendra Morotti ◽  
Julio Lopez ◽  
Vanessa Vaupel ◽  
Arthur Swislocki ◽  
David Siegel
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Statin Therapy ◽  
Medication Possession Ratio ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Patient Demographics ◽  
Elevated Cholesterol ◽  
Initiation Of Therapy ◽  
Statin Adherence

Background: A relative cardiovascular risk reduction of 25% to 35% has been reported in patients starting a statin for elevated cholesterol; yet many patients fail to consistently take these medications as directed. Objective: To evaluate factors affecting adherence and persistence with statin therapy. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from a Veterans Affairs database of facilities west of the Rocky Mountains. Patient demographics, co-morbidities, and prescription information was collected for individuals newly prescribed a statin between July 1, 2007, and December 31, 2012. Adherence was determined using the medication possession ratio (MPR). Persistence was defined as the time from initiation of therapy until a refill gap of 135 days or greater occurred. Results: Of 164 687 unique patients, overall adherence to statins a mean MPR of 0.843. Approximately 63% of patients were persistent with statin therapy 675 days after statin initiation. Patients prescribed pravastatin, atorvastatin, lovastatin, and rosuvastatin and those who took more than 1 different statin during the follow-up period had statistically significantly higher rates of adherence than those prescribed simvastatin. Older patients and those with a greater number of active prescriptions were found to be more adherent to statin medications. Patients with hypertension were more adherent to a statin, and those with diabetes mellitus and/or posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were less adherent. Conclusion and Relevance: In veterans, overall statin adherence was excellent. Certain populations may benefit from interventions targeted at improving statin adherence, including younger veterans, those prescribed fewer medications, those taking simvastatin, and veterans with PTSD or diabetes mellitus.

CANDIDA INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN WITH NEOPLASTIC DISEASE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-603
Author(s):  
William D. Winter ◽  
George E. Foley
Keyword(s):  
Group Treatment ◽  
Malignant Disease ◽  
Tumor Therapy ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Neoplastic Disease ◽  
Carrier Rate ◽  
General Group ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Candida Infections ◽  
Therapy Clinic

A 1-year study of 165 patients of the Tumor Therapy Clinic and 1,004 general pediatric patients revealed a significantly increased carrier rate of Candida among children with malignant disease. The carrier rate also was increased among those with certain other chronic diseases in the general group. Treatment with antibiotics and/or cortisone, general condition of the patient, and primary diagnosis were all factors affecting the carrier rate. The development of localized or disseminated Candida infection could was be predicted for an individual but was regularly associated with vigorous antibiotic treatment and ultimately poor general clinical condition.

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