scholarly journals Intake of dietary fiber, fruits, and vegetables, and risk of diverticulitis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjie Ma ◽  
Long H. Nguyen ◽  
Mingyang Song ◽  
Manol Jovani ◽  
Po-Hong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Reduced Risk

ABSTRACTBackground & AimsAlthough low fiber intake has been considered a risk factor for diverticulitis, prospective evidence is limited and conflicting, with little known about variation in the protective effects according to food sources. We assessed the associations of intakes of fiber and major food sources of fiber including fruits and vegetables with risk of diverticulitis.MethodsWe followed 50,019 women in the Nurses’ Health Study (1990-2014) and 48,292 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2014) who were free of diverticulitis, cancer, and inflammatory bowel disease at baseline. Incident diverticulitis was identified through self-report with validity confirmed by review of medical records.ResultsDuring a mean follow-up time of 22 years, we documented 4,343 incident cases of diverticulitis in women and 1,142 cases in men. Compared to participants in the lowest quintile, the multivariable HRs (95% CIs) of diverticulitis in the highest quintile of total fiber intake were 0.86 (0.78-0.95; P-trend=0.002) among women and 0.63 (0.51-0.79; P-trend<0.001) among men. Fiber from different food sources, except for vegetable fiber in women, was associated with a decreased risk of diverticulitis. Furthermore, total whole fruit intake was associated with reduced risk of diverticulitis in both cohorts with a multivariable HR for diverticulitis of 0.95 (0.92-0.98; P-trend<0.001) in women and 0.91 (0.86-0.96; P-trend<0.001) in men for every serving increase of total whole fruit intake per day.ConclusionsHigher intake of dietary fiber and fiber from different food sources are associated with a lower risk of diverticulitis. A greater intake of whole fruit is also associated with reduced risk.

Abstract MP61: Dietary Fiber Intake and Mortality Among Myocardial Infarction Survivors

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Li ◽  
Alan Flint ◽  
Jennifer Pai ◽  
John Forman ◽  
Frank Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Fiber Post ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cereal Fiber

Background: Dietary fiber is associated with lower risk of coronary heart disease in healthy populations. It is unclear whether higher consumption of dietary fiber after myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with lower mortality. Objective: To evaluate the associations of dietary fiber post-MI and changes from pre- to post- with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Design: The Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (HPFS) are two large prospective cohort studies of US women and men with repeated dietary measurements. We included 2,258 women and 1,840 men who were free of cardiovascular disease, stroke or cancer at enrollment, survived a first MI during follow up, were free of stroke at the time of initial MI onset, and provided both pre-MI and at least one post-MI food frequency questionnaire. We evaluated the associations of dietary fiber post-MI and changes from pre- to post- with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality using Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for medication use, medical history, and lifestyles factors. Results: Higher post-MI fiber intake was significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality (Comparing extreme quintiles, pooled hazard ratio (HR) = 0.75, 95%CI: 0.58-0.97). Greater intake of cereal fiber was more strongly associated with all-cause mortality (Pooled HR=0.73, 95%CI: 0.58-0.91) than were other sources of dietary fiber. Increased fiber intake from pre- to post- was significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality (Pooled HR=0.69, 95%CI: 0.55-0.87). Conclusions: In this prospective study of MI survivors, greater post-MI intake of dietary fiber, especially cereal fiber, was inversely associated with all-cause mortality. In addition, increasing consumption of fiber from pre- to post-MI periods was significantly associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.

scholarly journals Coffee consumption and risk of renal cell carcinoma in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jongeun Rhee ◽  
Erikka Loftfield ◽  
Neal D Freedman ◽  
Linda M Liao ◽  
Rashmi Sinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Coffee Intake ◽  
Decaffeinated Coffee ◽  
Incident Cases ◽  
Reduced Risk

Abstract Background Coffee consumption has been associated with a reduced risk of some cancers, but the evidence for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is inconclusive. We investigated the relationship between coffee and RCC within a large cohort. Methods Coffee intake was assessed at baseline in the National Institutes of Health–American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health Study. Among 420 118 participants eligible for analysis, 2674 incident cases were identified. We fitted Cox-regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for coffee consumption vs non-drinkers. Results We observed HRs of 0.94 (95% CI 0.81, 1.09), 0.94 (0.81, 1.09), 0.80 (0.70, 0.92) and 0.77 (0.66, 0.90) for usual coffee intake of &lt;1, 1, 2–3 and ≥4 cups/day, respectively (Ptrend = 0.00003). This relationship was observed among never-smokers (≥4 cups/day: HR 0.62, 95% CI 0.46, 0.83; Ptrend = 0.000003) but not ever-smokers (HR 0.85, 95% CI 0.70, 1.05; Ptrend = 0.35; Pinteraction = 0.0009) and remained in analyses restricted to cases diagnosed &gt;10 years after baseline (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.51, 0.82; Ptrend = 0.0005). Associations were similar between subgroups who drank predominately caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee (Pinteraction = 0.74). Conclusion In this investigation of coffee and RCC, to our knowledge the largest to date, we observed a 20% reduced risk for intake of ≥2 cups/day vs not drinking. Our findings add RCC to the growing list of cancers for which coffee consumption may be protective.

scholarly journals Comparison of Indices of Carbohydrate Quality and Food Sources of Dietary Fiber on Longitudinal Changes in Waist Circumference in the Framingham Offspring Cohort

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 997
Author(s):  
Caleigh M. Sawicki ◽  
Alice H. Lichtenstein ◽  
Gail T. Rogers ◽  
Paul F. Jacques ◽  
Jiantao Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Offspring Cohort ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Carbohydrate Quality ◽  
Cereal Fiber

The long-term impact of carbohydrate quality on abdominal weight gain is not fully understood. We aimed to examine the prospective relation of a carbohydrate quality index (CQI; defined by four criteria: dietary fiber, glycemic index, whole grain-to-total grain ratio, and solid-to-total carbohydrate ratio), total, cereal grain, vegetable, and fruit fiber, carbohydrate-to-total fiber ratio, and carbohydrate-to-cereal fiber ratio with changes in waist circumference (WC). Subjects were middle-aged to older, mostly white, participants in the Framingham Offspring cohort (n = 3101 subjects), with mean baseline age 54.9 ± 0.2 years (mean ± SE) and body mass index (BMI) 27.2 ± 0.1 kg/m2. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), health, and lifestyle data were collected approximately every four years over a median total follow-up of 18 years. Repeated measure mixed models were used to estimate adjusted mean change in WC per four-year interval across quartiles of carbohydrate variables. In the most adjusted model, a higher CQI was marginally associated with a smaller increase in WC (2.0 ± 0.1 vs. 2.4 ± 0.1 cm in highest vs. lowest quartile, p-trend = 0.04). Higher ratios of carbohydrate-to-fiber and carbohydrate-to-cereal fiber were associated with greater increases in WC per four-year interval (2.6 ± 0.1 vs. 2.0 ± 0.1 cm, p-trend < 0.001, and 2.5 ± 0.1 vs. 2.1 ± 0.1 cm in highest versus lowest categories, p-trend = 0.007, respectively); whereas higher intake of total fiber (1.8 ± 0.1 vs. 2.7 ± 0.1 cm, p-trend < 0.001), cereal fiber (2.0 ± 0.1 vs. 2.5 ± 0.1 cm, p-trend = 0.001), and fruit fiber (2.0 ± 0.1 vs. 2.7 ± 0.1 cm, p-trend < 0.001) were associated with smaller increases in WC compared to lower intakes. There was a significant interaction between total fiber and total carbohydrate (as % of total energy intake). After stratification, the association between fiber intake and change in WC was not maintained in the context of a high carbohydrate diet. Better carbohydrate quality, primarily higher fiber intake and lower carbohydrate-to-fiber ratios, may help attenuate increases in abdominal adiposity over time.

scholarly journals Dietary fiber intake from fresh and preserved food and risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: observational evidence from a Chinese population

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Ming MAI ◽  
Roger Kai-Cheong NGAN ◽  
Dora Lai-Wan KWONG ◽  
Wai-Tong NG ◽  
Kam-Tong Yuen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Background The role of dietary fiber intake on risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains unclear. We examined the associations of dietary fiber intake on the risk of NPC adjusting for a comprehensive list of potential confounders. Methods Using data from a multicenter case-control study, we included 815 histologically confirmed NPC incident cases and 1502 controls in Hong Kong, China recruited in 2014–2017. Odds ratios (ORs) of NPC (cases vs controls) for dietary fiber intake from different sources at different life periods (age 13–18, age 19–30, and 10 years before recruitment) were evaluated using unconditional logistic regression, adjusting for sex, age, socioeconomic status, smoking and drinking status, occupational hazards, family history of cancer, salted fish, and total energy intake in Model 1, Epstein-Barr virus viral capsid antigen serological status in Model 2, and duration of sun exposure and circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D in Model 3. Results Higher intake of total dietary fiber 10 years before recruitment was significantly associated with decreased NPC risk, with demonstrable dose-response relationship (P-values for trend = 0.001, 0.020 and 0.024 in Models 1–3, respectively). The adjusted ORs (95% CI) in the highest versus the lowest quartile were 0.51 (0.38–0.69) in Model 1, 0.48 (0.33–0.69) in Model 2, and 0.48 (0.33–0.70) in Model 3. However, the association was less clear after adjustment of other potential confounders (e.g. EBV) in the two younger periods (age of 13–18 and 19–30 years). Risks of NPC were significantly lower for dietary fiber intake from fresh vegetables and fruits and soybean products over all three periods, with dose-response relationships observed in all Models (P-values for trend for age 13–18, age 19–30 and 10 years before recruitment were, respectively, 0.002, 0.009 and 0.001 for Model1; 0.020, 0.031 and 0.003 for Model 2; and 0.022, 0.037 and 0.004 for Model 3). No clear association of NPC risk with dietary fiber intake from preserved vegetables, fruits and condiments was observed. Conclusion Our study has shown the protective role of dietary fiber from fresh food items in NPC risk, but no association for total dietary fiber intake was observed, probably because total intake also included intake of preserved food. Further studies with detailed dietary information and in prospective settings are needed to confirm this finding, and to explore the possible underlying biological mechanisms.

scholarly journals Dietary fiber intake and reduced risk of ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowen Zheng ◽  
Hui Shen ◽  
Hedong Han ◽  
Ting Han ◽  
Yonghong Qin
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
Reduced Risk

Abstract P196: Bidirectional Association Between Hypertension and Gout: The Singapore Chinese Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
An Pan ◽  
Gim Gee Teng ◽  
Jian-Min Yuan ◽  
Woon-Puay Koh
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Status ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Bidirectional Association ◽  
Singapore Chinese ◽  
Incident Cases

Introduction: Although it has been hypothesized that the hypertension-gout relation is bidirectional, few studies have addressed this hypothesis in a prospective setting, particularly in the Asian populations. Methods: We analyzed data from the Singapore Chinese Health Study (SCHS), a cohort of 63,257 Chinese aged 45-74 years at recruitment from 1993-98. The information about self reports of physician-diagnosed hypertension and gout was enquired at follow-ups I (1999-2004) and II (2006-2010). We included participants with complete data for both follow-ups and who were free of heart disease, stroke and cancer at follow-up I. For the analysis of hypertension and risk of incident gout, participants with prevalent gout were further excluded and the final analysis included 31,694 participants. For the analysis of gout and risk of incident hypertension, participants with prevalent hypertension were further excluded and the final analysis included 20,490 participants. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) with adjustment for age, sex, years of interview, dialect group, education, smoking status, alcohol intake, physical activity, body mass index (BMI) and history of diabetes. Results: The mean age of the participants at baseline was 60.1 (SD 7.3) years, and the average follow-up year was 6.8 (SD 1.4) years. In the analysis of hypertension and risk of gout, 836 incident cases were identified. Compared to normotensive participants, hypertensive patients had a 93% increased risk of developing gout (RR 1.93; 95% CI 1.66-2.24). The association was slightly stronger in women (RR 2.09; 95% CI 1.69-2.58) compared to men (RR 1.72; 95% CI 1.39-2.14; P for interaction=0.056). The association was also stronger in normal weight adults (BMI <24 kg/m2; RR 2.25; 95% CI 1.82-2.77) compared to overweight/obese individuals (BMI ≥24 kg/m2; RR 1.66; 95% CI 1.34-2.04; P for interaction=0.03). In the parallel analysis of gout and risk of hypertension, 5491 participants reported to have newly diagnosed hypertension during the follow-up. Compared to participants without gout, those with gout had a 17% increased risk of developing hypertension (RR 1.17; 95% CI 1.01-1.35). The association was evident in men (RR 1.29; 95% CI 1.07-1.55) but not in women (RR 0.94; 95% CI 0.73-1.20; P for interaction=0.03). The association was present in normal weight adults (RR 1.34; 95% CI 1.09-1.64) but not among overweight/obese individuals (RR 0.99; 95% CI 0.80-1.23; P for interaction=0.03). Conclusions: Our results provide compelling evidence that the hypertension-gout association is bidirectional in Chinese population. The potential interactions of the bidirectional association with sex and obesity deserve further investigations.

scholarly journals P1479HIGHER FREQUENCY OF FRUIT INTAKE IS ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER RISK OF CONSTIPATION IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS - A MULTI-CENTRE STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaela G Dos Santos ◽  
Juliana Malinovski ◽  
Natália Scatone ◽  
Jorgiane De Oliveira ◽  
Andrea Sczip ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Multi Centre Study

Abstract Background and Aims Constipation is a multifactorial gastrointestinal disorder commonly found in hemodialysis (HD) patients. In this multi-centre cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and factors associated with constipation, including the frequency of dietary fiber sources intake. Method Prevalent HD patients from four dialysis clinics in Southern Brazil were invited to participate (at least 80% of eligible patients from each clinic). Patients were interviewed by the researchers and answered a questionnaire that comprised ROMA III criteria questions to assess constipation status, use of medications and life habits. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with the main dietary fiber sources (fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains cereals and seeds) was applied with seven frequency possibilities (from never to more than twice a day). To estimate the weekly frequency of intake, answers were transformed into a score. Every score point corresponded to one time per week (ex.: score 7 = seven times per week). Demographical and laboratory data were obtained from medical records. Univariate analysis was used to compare participants according to constipation status and variables with P&lt;0.20 were included in the regression analysis model. Results 305 HD patients were included (male: 51%; age: 52.2 ± 14.7 years old; HD vintage: 46 (19 – 82) months). Ninety-three participants had constipation (30.5%). Median (interquartile) FFQ scores were: fruits: 6 (2-14); vegetables: 6 (3-10); legumes: 3 (1-7); whole-grain: 0 (0-1) and seeds: 0 (0-0). In univariate analysis, participants with constipation were significantly older (55.1 ± 14.8 versus 51.0 ± 14.5 years old; P=0.02), had lower literacy (5 (5-11) versus 8 (4-13) years at school; P=0.007), higher prevalence of diabetes (41 versus 23%; P=0.002) and lower total beverage intake (15 (12-20) versus 17 (12-24) ml/kg/day; P=0.04). The logistic regression analysis model also included body mass index; wheelchair need; sedentarism; fruits score and seeds score (all with P&lt;0.20 in the univariate analysis).The independent predictors of constipation were diabetes (OR=1.96 (95%IC 1.07-3.6);P=0.03) and fruits intake score (OR=0.95 (95%IC 0.91-0.99);P=0.04) Conclusion Almost one-third of participants had constipation, and usual intake of fiber food sources was low. The independent determinants of constipation were diabetes and a lower frequency of fruit intake. Nutritional counselling to increase fiber intake sources can potentially decrease the prevalence of constipation of this population.

scholarly journals Dietary fiber intake and total and cause-specific mortality: the Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027-1035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryoko Katagiri ◽  
Atsushi Goto ◽  
Norie Sawada ◽  
Taiki Yamaji ◽  
Motoki Iwasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality

ABSTRACT Background An inverse association has been shown between dietary fiber intake and several noncommunicable diseases. However, evidence of this effect remains unclear in the Asian population. Objective We examined the association between dietary fiber intake and all-cause and cause-specific mortality, as well as the association between fiber intake from dietary sources and all-cause mortality. Methods We conducted a large-scale population-based cohort study (Japan Public Health Center-based prospective study). A validated questionnaire with 138 food items was completed by 92,924 participants (42,754 men and 50,170 women) aged 45–74 y. Dietary fiber intake was calculated and divided into quintiles. HR and 95% CI of total and cause-specific mortality were reported. Results During the mean follow-up of 16.8 y, 19,400 deaths were identified. In multivariable adjusted models, total, soluble, and insoluble fiber intakes were inversely associated with all-cause mortality. The HRs of total mortality in the highest quintile of total fiber intake compared with the lowest quintile were 0.77 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.82; Ptrend &lt;0.0001) in men and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.76, 0.89; Ptrend &lt;0.0001) in women. Increased quintiles of dietary fiber intake were significantly associated with decreased mortality due to total cardiovascular disease (CVD), respiratory disease, and injury in both men and women, whereas dietary fiber intake was inversely associated with cancer mortality in men but not women. Fiber from fruits, beans, and vegetables, but not from cereals, was inversely associated with total mortality. Conclusion In this large-scale prospective study with a long follow-up period, dietary fiber was inversely associated with all-cause mortality. Since intakes of dietary fiber, mainly from fruits, vegetables, and beans were associated with lower all-cause mortality, these food sources may be good options for people aiming to consume more fiber.

scholarly journals Farming tasks and the development of rheumatoid arthritis in the agricultural health study

2019 ◽  
pp. oemed-2018-105361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine G Parks ◽  
Armando Meyer ◽  
Laura E Beane Freeman ◽  
Jonathan Hofmann ◽  
Dale P Sandler
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Agricultural Health ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models ◽  
Agricultural Health Study

ObjectivesFarming has been associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Some studies have evaluated the effects of pesticides, but other agricultural exposures may also affect immune response.MethodsWe investigated non-pesticide agricultural exposures in relation to RA in licensed pesticide applicators (n=27 175, mostly male farmers) and their spouses (n=22 231) in the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) cohort (1993–1997) who completed at least one follow-up survey through 2015. Incident RA cases (n=229 applicators and 249 spouses) were identified based on self-report confirmed by use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs or medical records. Hazard Ratios (HRs) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs) were estimated by Cox proportional hazard models adjusting for applicator status, state, smoking, education and specific pesticide use, allowing estimates to vary by median age when hazards assumptions were not met.ResultsOverall, RA was associated with regularly applying chemical fertilisers (HR=1.50; 95% CI 1.11 to 2.02), using non-gasoline solvents (HR=1.40; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.80), and painting (HR=1.26; 95% CI 1.00 to 1.59). In older applicators (>62 years), RA was associated with driving combines (HR=2.46; 95% CI 1.05 to 5.78) and milking cows (HR=2.56; 95% CI 1.01 to 6.53). In younger participants (≤62 years), RA was inversely associated with raising animals as well as crops (HR=0.68; 95% CI 0.51 to 0.89 vs crops only). Associations with specific crops varied by age: some (eg, hay) were inversely associated with RA in younger participants, while others (eg, alfalfa) were associated with RA in older participants.ConclusionThese findings suggest several agricultural tasks and exposures may contribute to development of RA.

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