Spatiotemporal restriction of FUSCA3 expression by class I BPC promotes ovule development and coordinates embryo and endosperm growth

ABSTRACTSpatiotemporal regulation of gene expression plays an important role in developmental timing in plants and animals. FUSCA3 regulates the transition between different phases of development by acting as a link between different hormonal pathways in Arabidopsis. However, the mechanisms governing its spatiotemporal expression patterns are poorly understood. Here, we show that FUS3 is expressed in the chalaza and funiculus of the mature ovule and seed, but is repressed in the embryo sac, integuments and endosperm. FUS3 repression requires class I BASIC PENTACYSTEINE (BPC) proteins, which directly bind to the FUS3 locus and restrict its expression pattern. During vegetative and reproductive development, derepression of FUS3 in bpc1/2 or pML1:FUS3 misexpression lines results in dwarf plants carrying defective flowers and aborted ovules. Post-fertilization, ectopic FUS3 expression in the endosperm increases endosperm nuclei proliferation and seed size and delays or arrests embryo development. These phenotypes are rescued in bpc1/2 fus3-3. Lastly, class I BPCs interact with FIS-PRC2 (FERTILIZATION-INDEPENDENT SEED-Polycomb Repressive Complex 2), which represses FUS3 in the endosperm. We propose that BPC1/2 promotes the transition from reproductive to seed development by repressing FUS3 in ovule integuments. After fertilization, BPC1/2 and FIS-PRC2 repress FUS3 in the endosperm to coordinate endosperm and embryo growth.

Download Full-text

Interspecific Complementation-Restoration of Phenotype in Arabidopsis Cuc2cuc3 Mutant By Sugarcane CUC2 Gene

10.21203/rs.3.rs-431696/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Aslam ◽

Zeyuan She ◽

Bello Hassan Jakada ◽

Beenish Fakher ◽

Joseph G. Greaves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Expression Patterns ◽

Ectopic Expression ◽

Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽

Orthologous Gene ◽

Tissue Type ◽

Ovule Development ◽

Boundary Formation ◽

Nac Transcription Factors ◽

Spatiotemporal Regulation ◽

Differentiation And Proliferation

Abstract BackgroundIn plants, a critical balance between differentiation and proliferation of stem cells at the shoot apical meristem zone is essential for proper growth. The spatiotemporal regulation of some crucial genes dictates the formation of a boundary within and around budding organs. The boundary plays a pivotal role in distinguishing one tissue type from another and provides a defined shape to the organs at their developed stage. NAM/CUC subfamily of the NAC transcription factors control the boundary formation during meristematic development. ResultsHere, we have identified the CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON (CUC) genes in sugarcane and named SsCUC2 (for the orthologous gene of CUC1 and CUC2) and SsCUC3. The phylogenetic reconstruction showed that SsCUCs occupy the CUC2 and CUC3 clade together with monocots, whereas dicot CUC2 and CUC3 settled separately in the different clade. The structural analysis of CUC genes showed that most of the CUC3 genes were accompanied by an intron gain in monocot to dicot evolution. Besides, the study of SsCUCs expression in the RNA-seq obtained during different stages of ovule development revealed that SsCUCs express in developing young tissues, and the expression of SsCUC2 is regulated by miR164. We also demonstrate that SsCUC2 (a monocot) could complement the cuc2cuc3 mutant phenotype of Arabidopsis (dicot). ConclusionsThis study further supports that CUC2 has diverged in CUC1 and CUC2 during the evolution of monocots and dicots from ancestral plants. The functional analysis of CUC expression patterns during sugarcane ovule development and ectopic expression of SsCUC2 in Arabidopsis showed that SsCUC2 has a conserved role in boundary formation. Overall, these findings improve our understanding of the functions of sugarcane CUC genes. Our results reveal the crucial functional role of CUC genes in sugarcane.

Download Full-text

Hormonal regulation of gene expression patterns in mosquito reproduction

10.1603/ice.2016.93884 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Sourav Roy

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Hormonal Regulation ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽

Gene Expression Patterns

Download Full-text

Upregulation of 15 Antisense Long Non-Coding RNAs in Osteosarcoma

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes12081132 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 1132

Author(s):

Emel Rothzerg ◽

Xuan Dung Ho ◽

Jiake Xu ◽

David Wood ◽

Aare Märtson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tumour Progression ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽

Osteosarcoma Cell ◽

Osteoblast Cell Line ◽

Antisense Lncrnas ◽

Non Coding Rnas ◽

Polymerase Chain ◽

Multiple Levels

The human genome encodes thousands of natural antisense long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs); they play the essential role in regulation of gene expression at multiple levels, including replication, transcription and translation. Dysregulation of antisense lncRNAs plays indispensable roles in numerous biological progress, such as tumour progression, metastasis and resistance to therapeutic agents. To date, there have been several studies analysing antisense lncRNAs expression profiles in cancer, but not enough to highlight the complexity of the disease. In this study, we investigated the expression patterns of antisense lncRNAs from osteosarcoma and healthy bone samples (24 tumour-16 bone samples) using RNA sequencing. We identified 15 antisense lncRNAs (RUSC1-AS1, TBX2-AS1, PTOV1-AS1, UBE2D3-AS1, ERCC8-AS1, ZMIZ1-AS1, RNF144A-AS1, RDH10-AS1, TRG-AS1, GSN-AS1, HMGA2-AS1, ZNF528-AS1, OTUD6B-AS1, COX10-AS1 and SLC16A1-AS1) that were upregulated in tumour samples compared to bone sample controls. Further, we performed real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to validate the expressions of the antisense lncRNAs in 8 different osteosarcoma cell lines (SaOS-2, G-292, HOS, U2-OS, 143B, SJSA-1, MG-63, and MNNG/HOS) compared to hFOB (human osteoblast cell line). These differentially expressed IncRNAs can be considered biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for osteosarcoma.

Download Full-text

The mac1 Gene: Controlling the Commitment to the Meiotic Pathway in Maize

Genetics ◽

10.1093/genetics/142.3.1009 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 142 (3) ◽

pp. 1009-1020 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

William F Sheridan ◽

Nadezhda A Avalkina ◽

Ivan I Shamrov ◽

Tatyana B Batyea ◽

Inna N Golubovskaya

Keyword(s):

Female Gametophyte ◽

Embryo Sac ◽

Flowering Plants ◽

Normal Female ◽

Ovule Development ◽

Partial Sterility ◽

Embryo Sac Formation ◽

Female Gametophyte Development ◽

Normal Meiosis ◽

Pleiotropic Mutation

Abstract The switch from the vegetative to the reproductive pathway of development in flowering plants requires the commitment of the subepidermal cells of the ovules and anthers to enter the meiotic pathway. These cells, the hypodermal cells, either directly or indirectly form the archesporial cells that, in turn, differentiate into the megasporocytes and microsporocytes. We have isolated a recessive pleiotropic mutation that we have termed multiple archesporial cells1 (macl) and located it to the short arm of chromosome 10. Its cytological phenotype suggests that this locus plays an important role in the switch of the hypodermal cells from the vegetative to the meiotic (sporogenous) pathway in maize ovules. During normal ovule development in maize, only a single hypodermal cell develops into an archesporial cell and this differentiates into the single megasporocyte. In macl mutant ovules several hypodermal cells develop into archesporial cells, and the resulting megasporocytes undergo a normal meiosis. More than one megaspore survives in the tetrad and more than one embryo sac is formed in each ovule. Ears on mutant plants show partial sterility resulting from abnormalities in megaspore differentiation and embryo sac formation. The sporophytic expression of this gene is therefore also important for normal female gametophyte development.

Download Full-text

MicroRNAs in domestic livestock

Physiological Genomics ◽

10.1152/physiolgenomics.00009.2013 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 45 (16) ◽

pp. 685-696 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Attia Fatima ◽

Dermot G. Morris

Keyword(s):

Posttranscriptional Regulation ◽

Noncoding Rna ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Small Noncoding Rna ◽

Domestic Livestock ◽

Temporal Expression Pattern ◽

Mrna Binding

microRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small noncoding RNA that bind to complementary sequences in the untranslated regions of multiple target mRNAs resulting in posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression. The recent discovery and expression-profiling studies of miRNAs in domestic livestock have revealed both their tissue-specific and temporal expression pattern. In addition, breed-dependent expression patterns as well as single nucleotide polymorphisms in either the miRNA or in the target mRNA binding site have revealed associations with traits of economic importance and highlight the potential use of miRNAs in future genomic selection programs.

Download Full-text

Initiation of retinoid signaling in primitive streak mouse embryos: Spatiotemporal expression patterns of receptors and metabolic enzymes for ligand synthesis

Developmental Dynamics ◽

10.1002/(sici)1097-0177(199704)208:4<536::aid-aja9>3.0.co;2-j ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 208 (4) ◽

pp. 536-543 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Hwee Luan Ang ◽

Gregg Duester

Keyword(s):

Expression Patterns ◽

Primitive Streak ◽

Metabolic Enzymes ◽

Mouse Embryos ◽

Retinoid Signaling ◽

Spatiotemporal Expression ◽

Ligand Synthesis

Download Full-text

Current Understanding of Circular RNAs in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Frontiers in Immunology ◽

10.3389/fimmu.2021.628872 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Hongjiang Liu ◽

Yundong Zou ◽

Chen Chen ◽

Yundi Tang ◽

Jianping Guo

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Rna Binding ◽

Rna Binding Proteins ◽

Protein Complexes ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽

Current Understanding ◽

Circular Rnas ◽

Systemic Lupus

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common and potentially fatal autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs. To date, its etiology and pathogenesis remains elusive. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a novel class of endogenous non-coding RNAs with covalently closed loop structure. Growing evidence has demonstrated that circRNAs may play an essential role in regulation of gene expression and transcription by acting as microRNA (miRNA) sponges, impacting cell survival and proliferation by interacting with RNA binding proteins (RBPs), and strengthening mRNA stability by forming RNA-protein complexes duplex structures. The expression patterns of circRNAs exhibit tissue-specific and pathogenesis-related manner. CircRNAs have implicated in the development of multiple autoimmune diseases, including SLE. In this review, we summarize the characteristics, biogenesis, and potential functions of circRNAs, its impact on immune responses and highlight current understanding of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of SLE.

Download Full-text

Cell-type Specific Expression Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Alzheimer Disease in Blood and Brain Tissue

10.1101/2020.11.23.20237008 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Devanshi Patel ◽

Xiaoling Zhang ◽

John J. Farrell ◽

Jaeyoon Chung ◽

Thor D. Stein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Quantitative Trait ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽

Cell Types ◽

Eqtl Analysis ◽

Cell Type ◽

Specific Expression ◽

Cell Type Specific Expression ◽

Cell Type Specific

ABSTRACTBecause regulation of gene expression is heritable and context-dependent, we investigated AD-related gene expression patterns in cell-types in blood and brain. Cis-expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping was performed genome-wide in blood from 5,257 Framingham Heart Study (FHS) participants and in brain donated by 475 Religious Orders Study/Memory & Aging Project (ROSMAP) participants. The association of gene expression with genotypes for all cis SNPs within 1Mb of genes was evaluated using linear regression models for unrelated subjects and linear mixed models for related subjects. Cell type-specific eQTL (ct-eQTL) models included an interaction term for expression of “proxy” genes that discriminate particular cell type. Ct-eQTL analysis identified 11,649 and 2,533 additional significant gene-SNP eQTL pairs in brain and blood, respectively, that were not detected in generic eQTL analysis. Of note, 386 unique target eGenes of significant eQTLs shared between blood and brain were enriched in apoptosis and Wnt signaling pathways. Five of these shared genes are established AD loci. The potential importance and relevance to AD of significant results in myeloid cell-types is supported by the observation that a large portion of GWS ct-eQTLs map within 1Mb of established AD loci and 58% (23/40) of the most significant eGenes in these eQTLs have previously been implicated in AD. This study identified cell-type specific expression patterns for established and potentially novel AD genes, found additional evidence for the role of myeloid cells in AD risk, and discovered potential novel blood and brain AD biomarkers that highlight the importance of cell-type specific analysis.

Download Full-text