scholarly journals Differential Expression of Mucins in Murine Olfactory Versus Respiratory Epithelium

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Kennel ◽  
Elizabeth A. Gould ◽  
Eric D. Larson ◽  
Ernesto Salcedo ◽  
Thad W. Vickery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Respiratory Epithelium ◽  
Mucin 1 ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Respiratory Epithelia ◽  
Mucin Expression ◽  
Mucus Rheology ◽  
Mucin 2 ◽  
Final Manuscript

AbstractMucins are a key component of the airway surface liquid and serve many functions. Given the numerous differences in olfactory versus respiratory nasal epithelia, we hypothesized that mucins would be differentially expressed between these two areas. Secondarily, we evaluated for changes in mucin expression with radiation exposure, given the clinical observations of nasal dryness, altered mucus rheology, and smell loss in radiated patients. Immunofluorescence staining was performed in a mouse model to determine the expression of mucins 1, 2, 5AC and 5B in nasal respiratory and olfactory epithelia of control mice and one week after exposure to 8 gy of radiation. Mucins 1, 5AC and 5B exhibited differential expression between olfactory and respiratory epithelium while mucin 2 showed no difference. Within the olfactory epithelium, mucin 1 was located in a lattice-like pattern around gaps corresponding to dendritic knobs of olfactory sensory neurons, whereas in respiratory epithelium it was only intermittently expressed. Mucin 5AC was expressed by subepithelial glands in both epithelial types but to a higher degree in the olfactory epithelium. Mucin 5B was expressed by submucosal glands in the olfactory epithelium but by surface epithelial cells in respiratory epithelium. At one-week after exposure to single-dose 8 gy of radiation, no qualitative effects were seen on mucin expression. Our findings demonstrate that murine olfactory and respiratory epithelia express mucins differently, and characteristic patterns of mucins 1, 5AC, and 5B can be used to define the underlying epithelium. Radiation (8 gy) does not appear to affect mucin expression at one week.Author RolesChristopher Kennel conceived, organized and executed the study, performed the analysis, and contributed to the manuscript.Elizabeth Gould conceived and executed the study, and contributed to the manuscript.Diego Restrepo conceived and executed the study, supervised the experiments, reviewed the analysis, and contributed to the manuscript.Ernesto Salcedo performed experiments and reviewed the manuscript.Thad Vickery performed experiments and reviewed the manuscript.Eric Larson performed experiments and reviewed the manuscript.Vijay Ramakrishnan conceived and executed the study, reviewed the analysis, and contributed to the manuscript.All authors discussed the results and implications and contributed to the final manuscript.

scholarly journals Differential Expression of Mucins in Murine Olfactory Versus Respiratory Epithelium

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 511-521
Author(s):  
Christopher Kennel ◽  
Elizabeth A Gould ◽  
Eric D Larson ◽  
Ernesto Salcedo ◽  
Thad Vickery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Respiratory Epithelium ◽  
Mucin 1 ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Mucin Expression ◽  
Mucus Rheology ◽  
Mucin 2

Abstract Mucins are a key component of the surface mucus overlying airway epithelium. Given the different functions of the olfactory and respiratory epithelia, we hypothesized that mucins would be differentially expressed between these 2 areas. Secondarily, we evaluated for potential changes in mucin expression with radiation exposure, given the clinical observations of nasal dryness, altered mucus rheology, and smell loss in radiated patients. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to evaluate expression of mucins 1, 2, 5AC, and 5B in nasal respiratory and olfactory epithelia of control mice and 1 week after exposure to 8 Gy of radiation. Mucins 1, 5AC, and 5B exhibited differential expression patterns between olfactory and respiratory epithelium (RE) while mucin 2 showed no difference. In the olfactory epithelium (OE), mucin 1 was located in a lattice-like pattern around gaps corresponding to dendritic knobs of olfactory sensory neurons, whereas in RE it was intermittently expressed by surface goblet cells. Mucin 5AC was expressed by subepithelial glands in both epithelial types but to a higher degree in the OE. Mucin 5B was expressed by submucosal glands in OE and by surface epithelial cells in RE. At 1-week after exposure to single-dose 8 Gy of radiation, no qualitative effects were seen on mucin expression. Our findings demonstrate that murine OE and RE express mucins differently, and characteristic patterns of mucins 1, 5AC, and 5B can be used to define the underlying epithelium. Radiation (8 Gy) does not appear to affect mucin expression at 1 week. Level of Evidence N/A (Basic Science Research). IACUC-approved study [Protocol 200065].

scholarly journals Differential expression of mucin 1 and mucin 2 in colorectal cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (36) ◽  
pp. 4164-4177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldona Kasprzak ◽  
Elżbieta Siodła ◽  
Małgorzata Andrzejewska ◽  
Jacek Szmeja ◽  
Agnieszka Seraszek-Jaros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Differential Expression ◽  
Mucin 1 ◽  
Mucin 2

Methods for making stereoslides and -prints, with freeze-etched olfactory epithelium as example

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 704-705
Author(s):  
Bert Ph. M. Menco ◽  
Ido F. Menco ◽  
Frans L.T. Verdonk
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Supporting Cell ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Freezing Method ◽  
Respiratory Epithelia ◽  
Three Dimensional Presentation

Previously we presented an extensive study of the distributions of intramembranous particles of structures in apical surfaces of nasal olfactory and respiratory epithelia of the Sprague-Dawley rat. For the same structures these distributions were compared in samples which were i) chemically fixed and cryo-protected with glycerol before cryo-fixation, after excision, and ii)ultra-rapidly frozen by means of the slam-freezing method. Since a three-dimensional presentation markedly improves visualization of structural features micrographs were presented as stereopairs. Two exposures were made by tiling the sample stage of the electron microscope 6° in either direction with an eucentric goniometer. The negatives (Agfa Pan 25 Professional) were reversed with Kodak Technical Pan Film 2415 developed in D76 1:1. The prints were made from these reversed negatives. As an example tight-junctional features of an olfactory supporting cell in a region where this cell conjoined with two other cells are presented (Fig. 1).

scholarly journals Muc5b is mainly expressed and sialylated in the nasal olfactory epithelium whereas Muc5ac is exclusively expressed and fucosylated in the nasal respiratory epithelium

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salah-Eddine Amini ◽  
Valérie Gouyer ◽  
Céline Portal ◽  
Frédéric Gottrand ◽  
Jean-Luc Desseyn
Keyword(s):  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Respiratory Epithelium

S282 – Localization of Nitric Oxide Synthase in Nasal Mucosa

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P169-P169
Author(s):  
Shigetoshi Yoda ◽  
Fukushima Hisaki ◽  
Nishiike Suetaka ◽  
Shibata Dai ◽  
Tamotsu Harada
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Nasal Mucosa ◽  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Olfactory Nerve ◽  
Respiratory Epithelium ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Objectives Several studies have reported that inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was expressed within the epithelial cell of the trachea in asthmic patients and asthmic model animals. However, neither appearance nor localization of iNOS in the nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis has been examined. This research clarifies expression and the localization of iNOS in the nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis by using the allergic model mice. Methods Allergic rhinitis was induced in male mice at 6 weeks of age using purified Japanese cedar pollen allergen (Cry j 1). Cry j 1 was injected 2 times into the abdomen (day 0 and 4) and administered intranasally for 7 consecutive days (day 9–15). On day 22, the expression and localization of iNOS in nasal mucosa of both allergic rhinitis model and control mice were examined by immunohistochemistry. Results In control mice, the expression of iNOS was localized in olfactory nerve, nasal gland beneath the respiratory epithelium and vascular endothelial cells. In allergic rhinitis group, the expression of iNOS was not only localized in olfactory nerve, nasal gland, and vascular endothelial cells, but also in olfactory epithelium and respiratory epithelium. Conclusions The expression of iNOS was increased in olfactory epithelium and respiratory epithelium of allergic rhinitis mice compared with controls.

scholarly journals The role of disulphide bonds in human intestinal mucin

1979 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 725-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet F. Forstner ◽  
Inderjit Jabbal ◽  
Rauf Qureshi ◽  
David I. C. Kells ◽  
Gordon G. Forstner
Keyword(s):  
Goblet Cell ◽  
Buoyant Density ◽  
Minor Amount ◽  
Mucin 1 ◽  
Acetylneuraminic Acid ◽  
Disulphide Bonds ◽  
Intestinal Mucin ◽  
Mucin 2 ◽  
A Minor

Goblet-cell mucin (mucin 1) was isolated and purified from human small-intestinal scrapings. After application of mucin 1 to DEAE-Bio-Gel (A) columns, most of the glycoprotein (76–94% of hexoses) was eluted in the first peak (designated mucin 2). Minor amounts of acidic glycoproteins were eluted with 0.2m- and 0.4m-NaCl in later peaks. Analyses of mucin 1 and mucin 2 revealed mucin 2 to be a monodisperse highly glycosylated glycoprotein containing 6.3% by wt. of protein, N-acetylgalactosamine, N-acetylglucosamine, galactose and fucose. Mucin 1 was similar in composition, but was polydisperse and contained more protein (12.3% by wt.) as well as N-acetylneuraminic acid. Analytical CsCl-gradient ultracentrifugation showed both mucin 1 and mucin 2 to have a major component with an average buoyant density of 1.47000g/ml. Mucin 1 also contained a slightly less-dense minor glycoprotein component. After exhaustive reduction and alkylation mucin 1 retained its major component, but partly dissociated into two lighter glycoprotein components. Mucin 2, in contrast, did not change its density distribution after reduction. Band ultracentrifugation in 2H2O-containing iso-osmotic buffers showed that mucin 1 contained a major fast-sedimenting component (so=37±2S), and a minor amount of a slower-sedimenting component. After reduction there was an increased quantity of the latter component, for which an so value of 14.5S was calculated. In contrast, mucin 2 was unaltered by reduction (so=33±2S). These findings indicate that the major component of goblet-cell mucin (mucin 2) does not dissociate after S–S-bond reduction, and thus does not apparently rely for its polymeric structure on the association of subunits through covalent disulphide bonds. However, the effects of reduction on mucin 1 suggest that in the native mucin intramolecular disulphide bonds in the minor glycoproteins may stabilize their structure, permitting secondary non-covalent interactions to develop with the major dense mucin (mucin 2) protein.

scholarly journals Expression of mucin-1 and mucin-2 in different types of gastric lesions

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (29) ◽  
pp. 3112
Author(s):  
Xiao-Qiang Cui ◽  
Man Jiang ◽  
Quan-Jiang Dong ◽  
Yu-Qiang Gao ◽  
Xiang-Jun Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Lesions ◽  
Mucin 1 ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Mucin 2

Aberrant MUC1 accumulation in salivary glands of Sjögren’s syndrome patients is reversed by TUDCA in vitro

Rheumatology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 742-753 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Castro ◽  
Nicolás Albornoz ◽  
Sergio Aguilera ◽  
María-José Barrera ◽  
Sergio González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Er Stress ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Secretory Process ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Mucin 1 ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Mucin Expression ◽  
Ifn Γ

Abstract Objectives Xerostomia in SS patients has been associated with low quality and quantity of salivary mucins, which are fundamental for the hydration and protection of the oral mucosa. The aim of this study was to evaluate if cytokines induce aberrant mucin expression and whether tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) is able to counteract such an anomaly. Methods Labial salivary glands from 16 SS patients and 15 control subjects, as well as 3D acini or human submandibular gland cells stimulated with TNF-α or IFN-γ and co-incubated with TUDCA, were analysed. mRNA and protein levels of Mucin 1 (MUC1) and MUC7 were determined by RT-qPCR and western blot, respectively. Co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence assays for mucins and GRP78 [an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident protein] were also performed. mRNA levels of RelA/p65 (nuclear factor-κB subunit), TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, SEL1L and EDEM1 were determined by RT-qPCR, and RelA/p65 localization was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Results MUC1 is overexpressed and accumulated in the ER of labial salivary gland from SS patients, while MUC7 accumulates throughout the cytoplasm of acinar cells; however, MUC1, but not MUC7, co-precipitated with GRP78. TUDCA diminished the overexpression and aberrant accumulation of MUC1 induced by TNF-α and IFN-γ, as well as the nuclear translocation of RelA/p65, together with the expression of inflammatory and ER stress markers in 3D acini. Conclusion Chronic inflammation alters the secretory process of MUC1, inducing ER stress and affecting the quality of saliva in SS patients. TUDCA showed anti-inflammatory properties decreasing aberrant MUC1 accumulation. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the potential therapeutic effect of TUDCA in restoring glandular homeostasis in SS patients.

scholarly journals Endogenous zinc nanoparticles in the rat olfactory epithelium are functionally significant

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Singletary ◽  
June W. Lau ◽  
Samantha Hagerty ◽  
Oleg Pustovyy ◽  
Ludmila Globa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Olfactory Epithelium ◽  
Zinc Nanoparticles ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Respiratory Epithelia ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Mature Mouse ◽  
First Time ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract The role of zinc in neurobiology is rapidly expanding. Zinc is especially essential in olfactory neurobiology. Naturally occurring zinc nanoparticles were detected in olfactory and nasal respiratory epithelia and cilia in animals. The addition of these nanoparticles to a mixture of odorants, including ethyl butyrate, eugenol, and carvone, considerably increased the electrical responses of the olfactory sensory receptors. Studies of these nanoparticles by ransmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction revealed metal elemental crystalline zinc nanoparticles 2–4 nm in diameter. These particles did not contain oxidized zinc. The enhancement of the odorant responses induced by the endogenous zinc nanoparticles appears to be similar to the amplification produced by engineered zinc nanoparticles. Zinc nanoparticles produce no odor response but increase odor response if mixed with an odorant. These effects are dose-dependent and reversible. Some other metal nanoparticles, such as copper, silver, gold, and platinum, do not have the effects observed in the case of zinc nanoparticles. The olfactory enhancement was observed in young and mature mouse olfactory epithelium cultures, in the dissected olfactory epithelium of rodents, and in live conscious dogs. The physiological significance of the detected endogenous metal nanoparticles in an animal tissue has been demonstrated for the first time. Overall, our results may advance the understanding of the initial events in olfaction.

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