scholarly journals Microbiability of meat quality and carcass composition traits in swine

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piush Khanal ◽  
Christian Maltecca ◽  
Clint Schwab ◽  
Justin Fix ◽  
Francesco Tiezzi
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
Genomic Heritability ◽  
Genomic Correlation ◽  
Weight Decrease ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe impact of gut microbiome composition was investigated at different stages of production (Wean, Mid-test, and Off-test) on meat quality and carcass composition traits of 1,123 three-way-crossbred pigs. Data were analyzed using linear mixed models which included the fixed effects of dam line, contemporary group and gender as well as the random effects of pen, animal and microbiome information at different stages. The contribution of the microbiome to all traits was prominent although it varied over time, increasing from weaning to Off-test for most traits. Microbiability estimates of carcass composition traits were greater compared to meat quality traits. Adding microbiome information did not affect the estimates of genomic heritability of meat quality traits but affected the estimates of carcass composition traits. High microbial correlations were found among different traits, particularly with traits related to fat deposition with decrease in genomic correlation up to 20% for loin weight and belly weight. Decrease in genomic heritabilities and genomic correlations with the inclusion of microbiome information suggested that genomic correlation was partially contributed by genetic similarity of microbiome composition.

scholarly journals Microbiability of meat quality and carcass composition traits in swine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piush Khanal ◽  
Christian Maltecca ◽  
Clint Schwab ◽  
Justin Fix ◽  
Francesco Tiezzi
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Microbial Composition ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
Genomic Heritability ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BackgroundSwine gut microbiome constitutes a portion of the whole genome and has potential to affect different phenotypes. More recently, research is more directed towards association of gut microbiome and different traits in swine. However, the contribution of microbial composition to the phenotypic variation of meat quality and carcass composition traits in pigs has not been explored yet. The objectives of this study are to estimate the microbiabilities for different meat quality and carcass composition traits; to investigate the impact of intestinal microbiome on heritability estimates; to estimate the correlation between microbial diversity and meat quality and carcass composition traits; and to estimate the microbial correlation between the meat quality and carcass composition traits in a commercial swine population.ResultsThe contribution of the microbiome to carcass composition and meat quality traits was prominent although it varied over time, increasing from weaning to off test for most traits. Microbiability estimates of carcass composition traits were greater than that of meat quality traits. Among all of the traits analyzed, belly weight had higher microbiability estimate (0.29 ± 0.04). Adding microbiome information did not affect the estimates of genomic heritability of meat quality traits but affected the estimates of carcass composition traits. Fat depth had greater decrease (10%) in genomic heritability. High microbial correlations were found among several traits. This suggested that genomic correlation was partially contributed by genetic similarity of microbiome composition.ConclusionsResults indicate that better understanding of microbial composition could aid the improvement of complex traits, particularly the carcass composition traits in swine by inclusion of microbiome information in the genetic evaluation process.

scholarly journals 214 Correlation among host gut microbiome and their relationship with meat quality and carcass composition traits of swine

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 44-44
Author(s):  
Piush Khanal ◽  
Christian Maltecca ◽  
Clint Schwab ◽  
Justin Fix ◽  
Francesco Tiezzi
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Gut Microbiome ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Alpha Diversity ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Additive Genetic Effect ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Meat Quality Traits

Abstract Study on correlation among host gut microbiome and their relationship with meat quality and carcass composition traits remains limited. The objectives of this study were 1) to estimate the microbial correlation between meat quality and carcass traits; and 2) to estimate the genetic correlation between microbial alpha diversity, and meat quality and carcass traits in commercial swine population. Data were collected from Duroc sired three-way cross individuals (n = 1,123) genotyped with 60K SNP chips. Fecal 16S microbial sequences for all individuals were obtained at three different stages: weaning (WEAN: 18.64 ± 1.09 days); week 15 (W_15: 118.2 ± 1.18 days); and off test (OT: 196.4 ± 7.80 days). Alpha diversity was measured at each stage [WEAN (alpha_w), W_15 (alpha_15) and OT (alpha_off)] using the Shannon index, which was computed as: ∑ ni=1piln(pi) where pi was the proportional abundance of ith operational taxonomic unit. Microbial correlations were estimated using multi-trait model, which included fixed effects of dam line, contemporary group and sex, as well as random effects of pen, additive genetic and microbiome. Bivariate analyses were conducted between different traits and alpha_w, alpha_15 and alpha_off with the same fixed effects and random pen and additive genetic effect. Analyses were conducted in ASREML v.4. Microbial correlations ranged from -0.93 ± 0.11 between firmness and slice shear force to 0.97 ± 0.02 between carcass average daily gain (CADG) and loin weight. For meat quality traits, correlations were weak, except for alpha_15 with Minolta a* (-0.45±0.19). Alpha_15 showed weak correlations except with CADG (-0.43±0.19). All correlations between alpha_ot and growth, carcass and meat quality traits were weak. These results may establish a newer approach of genetic evaluation process by utilizing gut microbiome information.

scholarly journals Meat quality traits and muscle composition of cows differing in lactation performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hamada ◽  
E. Albrecht ◽  
A.-R. El Bagory ◽  
A.-B. Edris ◽  
H. M. Hammon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Lactation Performance ◽  
Fat Cell ◽  
Muscle Structure ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Beef and dairy cows differ in the way in which they utilise nutrients and in accretion or mobilisation of body reserves during lactation. Thus far, little is known about the impact of lactation performance on body composition, meat quality, and the related muscle structure of cows with a defined, combined beef and dairy genetic background. In the described experiment, 50 F2 cows, originating from mating Charolais bulls to German Holstein cows and a following intercross of F1 individuals, were slaughtered during the second lactation, 30 days after calving. Cows were assigned to 3 groups, each containing representatives of 3 families, according to lactation performance. Standard carcass and meat quality traits were determined. Additionally, samples from longissimus muscle were investigated by histology and computer image analysis for muscle fibre profile, intramuscular fat cell size, and marbling traits. Subcutaneous fat cell size was measured to estimate the impact of lactation on body fat reserves. The results suggest no influence of the duration of the first lactation on body composition, meat quality or muscle structure. However, the amount of milk per day influenced body weight, body composition, and marbling traits. Relationships between traits were low, but showed consistently that increasing milk yield was negatively correlated with tissue accretion. Changes of muscle fibre and fat cell profile, indicating protein or fat mobilisation by lactation, could not be detected. In the presented study, lactation had only minor consequences for meat quality.

Genetic evaluation of crossbred lamb production. 4. Genetic parameters for first-cross animal performance

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (8) ◽  
pp. 839 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Ingham ◽  
N. M. Fogarty ◽  
A. R. Gilmour ◽  
R. A. Afolayan ◽  
L. J. Cummins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
Lamb Growth

The study estimated heritability for lamb growth and carcass performance, hogget ewe wool production, and worm egg count among crossbred progeny of maternal breed sires, as well as the genetic and phenotypic correlations among the traits. The data were from crossbred progeny of 91 sires from maternal breeds including Border Leicester, East Friesian, Finnsheep, Coopworth, White Suffolk, Corriedale, and Booroola Leicester. The sires were mated to Merino ewes at 3 sites over 3 years (and also Corriedale ewes at one site), with 3 common sires used at each site and year to provide genetic links. These sheep comprised part of the national maternal sire central progeny test program (MCPT) to evaluate the genetic variation for economically important production traits in progeny of maternal and dual-purpose (meat and wool) sires and the scope for genetic improvement. The matings resulted in 7846 first-cross lambs born, with 2964 wether lambs slaughtered at an average age of 214 days, and wool data from 2795 hogget ewes. Data were analysed using univariate mixed models containing fixed effects for site, year, sex and type of birth and rearing, dam source and sire breed, and random terms for sire and dam effects. Heritabilities and genetic correlations were estimated based on variances from progeny of 70 sires by fitting the same mixed models using a REML procedure in univariate and multivariate analyses. Estimates of heritability were low for lamb growth traits (0.07–0.29), meat colour and meat pH (0.10–0.23), and faecal worm egg count (0.10), moderate for carcass fat and muscle traits (0.32–0.47), and moderate to high for wool traits (0.36–0.55). Estimates of direct genetic correlations among liveweights at various ages were high and positive (0.41–0.77) and those between liveweights and most carcass and meat quality traits were small and varied in sign. Liveweights were moderately to highly positively correlated with most wool traits, except fibre diameter (–0.28–0.08). The study indicates that there is genetic variation for wool, growth, carcass, and meat quality traits, as well as for faecal worm egg count, with scope for selection within Australian maternal sire breeds of sheep.

scholarly journals Identification of eQTLs and sQTLs associated with meat quality in beef

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel David Leal Gutierrez ◽  
Mauricio A. Elzo ◽  
Raluca G. Mateescu
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Differential Expression Analysis ◽  
Cytoskeletal Proteins ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Master Regulators ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi Muscle ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
Dorsi Muscle

Abstract Background: Transcription has a substantial genetic control and genetic dissection of gene expression could help us understand the genetic architecture of complex phenotypes such as meat quality in cattle. The objectives of the present research were: 1) to perform eQTL and sQTL mapping analyses for meat quality traits in longissimus dorsi muscle; 2) to uncover genes whose expression is influenced by local or distant genetic variation; 3) to identify expression and splicing hot spots; and 4) to uncover genomic regions affecting the expression of multiple genes. Results: Eighty steers were selected for phenotyping, genotyping and RNA-seq evaluation. A panel of traits related to meat quality was recorded in longissimus dorsi muscle. Information on 112,042 SNPs and expression data on 8,588 autosomal genes and 87,770 exons from 8,467 genes were included in an expression and splicing quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping (eQTL and sQTL, respectively). A gene, exon and isoform differential expression analysis previously carried out in this population identified 1,352 genes, referred to as DEG, as explaining part of the variability associated with meat quality traits. The eQTL and sQTL mapping was performed using a linear regression model in the R package Matrix eQTL. Genotype and year of birth were included as fixed effects, and population structure was accounted for by including as a covariate the first PC from a PCA analysis on genotypic data. The identified QTLs were classified as cis or trans using 1 Mb as the maximum distance between the associated SNP and the gene being analyzed. A total of 8,377 eQTLs were identified, including 75.6% trans, 10.4% cis, 12.5% DEG trans and 1.5% DEG cis; while 11,929 sQTLs were uncovered: 66.1% trans, 16.9% DEG trans, 14% cis and 3% DEG cis. Twenty-seven expression master regulators and 13 splicing master regulators were identified and were classified as membrane-associated or cytoskeletal proteins, transcription factors or DNA methylases. These genes could control the expression of other genes through cell signaling or by a direct transcriptional activation/repression mechanism. Conclusion: In the present analysis, we show that eQTL and sQTL mapping makes possible positional identification of gene and isoform expression regulators.

scholarly journals The Impact of Divergent Selection for Residual Feed Intake on Meat Quality Traits of Loins from Pigs on High or Low Energy Diets

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Arkfield ◽  
Emily Hamman ◽  
Jordy E. Berger ◽  
Roger Johnson ◽  
Jennifer Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Divergent Selection ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Impact

Effect of thyroglobulin gene polymorphisms on growth, carcass composition and meat quality traits in Chinese beef cattle

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (9) ◽  
pp. 1403-1407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lupei Zhang ◽  
Hongyan Ren ◽  
Jiuguang Yang ◽  
Qianfu Gan ◽  
Fuping Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
Thyroglobulin Gene

The effect of selection for growth rate and slaughter age on carcass composition and meat quality traits in rabbits1

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (11) ◽  
pp. 3138-3143 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Hernández ◽  
S. Aliaga ◽  
M. Pla ◽  
A. Blasco
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Meat Quality Traits ◽  
Slaughter Age ◽  
Selection For
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document