scholarly journals The Arabidopsis Leucine-Rich Repeat Receptor Kinase BIR3 Negatively Regulates BAK1 Receptor Complex Formation and Stabilizes BAK1

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 2285-2303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Imkampe ◽  
Thierry Halter ◽  
Shuhua Huang ◽  
Sarina Schulze ◽  
Sara Mazzotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Receptor Complex ◽  
Receptor Kinase ◽  
Leucine Rich Repeat

scholarly journals FERONIA regulates FLS2 plasma membrane nanoscale dynamics to modulate plant immune signaling

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Gronnier ◽  
Christina M. Franck ◽  
Martin Stegmann ◽  
Thomas A. DeFalco ◽  
Alicia Abarca Cifuentes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Single Particle Tracking ◽  
Receptor Kinase ◽  
Leucine Rich Repeat ◽  
Immune Signaling ◽  
Receptor Complexes ◽  
Nanoscale Dynamics

ABSTRACTCell surface receptors survey and relay information to ensure the development and survival of multicellular organisms. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, the Catharanthus roseus RLK1-like receptor kinase FERONIA (FER) regulates myriad of biological processes to coordinate development, growth and responses to the environment. We recently showed that FER positively regulates immune signaling by controlling the ligand-induced complex formation between the leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase (LRR-RK) FLAGELLIN SENSING 2 (FLS2) and its co-receptor BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1-ASSOCIATED KINASE 1/SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR KINASE 3 (BAK1/SERK3). In this context, FER function is inhibited by binding of its peptide ligand RAPID ALKALINIZATION FACTOR 23 (RALF23). However, the mechanisms by which FER regulates FLS2-BAK1 complex formation remain unclear. Here, we show that FER-dependent regulation of immune signaling is independent of its kinase activity, indicating that FER rather plays a structural role. FER has been proposed to bind directly to the plant cell wall, but we found that a FER mutant unable to bind pectin is still functional in regulating immune signaling. Instead, FER- and cell wall-associated LEUCINE RICH REPEAT-EXTENSIN proteins are required for this regulation. Using high-resolution live-imaging and single-particle tracking, we observed that FER regulates FLS2 plasma membrane nanoscale dynamics, which may explain its role in controlling ligand-induced FLS2-BAK1 association. We propose that FER acts as an anchoring point connecting cell wall and plasma membrane nano-environments to enable the nucleation of pre-formed receptor/co-receptor complexes at the cell surface.

scholarly journals Identification and characterization of regulatory pathways involved in early flowering in the new leaves of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) by transcriptome analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongmei Ma ◽  
Bei Liu ◽  
Lingqiao Ge ◽  
Yinyin Weng ◽  
Xiaohui Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Secondary Metabolism ◽  
Flowering Time ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Early Flowering ◽  
Receptor Kinase ◽  
Leucine Rich Repeat ◽  
Kinase Family ◽  
Pathogenesis Related ◽  
Early Flowering Phenotype

Abstract Background Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a perennial legume extensively planted throughout the world as a high nutritive value livestock forage. Flowering time is an important agronomic trait that contributes to the production of alfalfa hay and seeds. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of flowering time regulation in alfalfa are not well understood. Results In this study, an early-flowering alfalfa genotype 80 and a late-flowering alfalfa genotype 195 were characterized for the flowering phenotype. Our analysis revealed that the lower jasmonate (JA) content in new leaves and the downregulation of JA biosynthetic genes (i.e. lipoxygenase, the 12-oxophytodienoate reductase-like protein, and salicylic acid carboxyl methyltransferase) may play essential roles in the early-flowering phenotype of genotype 80. Further research indicated that genes encode pathogenesis-related proteins [e.g. leucine rich repeat (LRR) family proteins, receptor-like proteins, and toll-interleukin-like receptor (TIR)-nucleotide-binding site (NBS)-LRR class proteins] and members of the signaling receptor kinase family [LRR proteins, kinases domain of unknown function 26 (DUF26) and wheat leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase10 (LRK10)-like kinases] are related to early flowering in alfalfa. Additionally, those involved in secondary metabolism (2-oxoglutarate/Fe (II)-dependent dioxygenases and UDP-glycosyltransferase) and the proteasome degradation pathway [really interesting new gene (RING)/U-box superfamily proteins and F-box family proteins] are also related to early flowering in alfalfa. Conclusions Integrated phenotypical, physiological, and transcriptomic analyses demonstrate that hormone biosynthesis and signaling pathways, pathogenesis-related genes, signaling receptor kinase family genes, secondary metabolism genes, and proteasome degradation pathway genes are responsible for the early flowering phenotype in alfalfa. This will provide new insights into future studies of flowering time in alfalfa and inform genetic improvement strategies for optimizing this important trait.

Homodimeric Murine Interleukin-3 Agonists Indicate that Ligand Dimerization is Important for High-Affinity Receptor Complex Formation

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horst Müther ◽  
Klaus Kühlcke ◽  
André Gessner ◽  
Said Abdallah ◽  
Heinz Lother
Keyword(s):  
Complex Formation ◽  
Receptor Complex ◽  
Interleukin 3 ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
High Affinity Receptor ◽  
Affinity Receptor

scholarly journals Receptor kinase complex transmits RALF peptide signal to inhibit root growth inArabidopsis

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (51) ◽  
pp. E8326-E8334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Changqing Du ◽  
Xiushan Li ◽  
Jia Chen ◽  
Weijun Chen ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Plant ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Receptor Complex ◽  
Receptor Kinase ◽  
Regulatory Peptide ◽  
Signaling Mechanism ◽  
Rhizosphere Acidification ◽  
Receptor Like Kinase ◽  
Inhibit Root Growth ◽  
Rapid Alkalinization Factor

A number of hormones work together to control plant cell growth. Rapid Alkalinization Factor 1 (RALF1), a plant-derived small regulatory peptide, inhibits cell elongation through suppression of rhizosphere acidification in plants. Although a receptor-like kinase, FERONIA (FER), has been shown to act as a receptor for RALF1, the signaling mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we identified a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase (RPM1-induced protein kinase, RIPK), a plasma membrane-associated member of the RLCK-VII subfamily, that is recruited to the receptor complex through interacting with FER in response to RALF1. RALF1 triggers the phosphorylation of both FER and RIPK in a mutually dependent manner. Genetic analysis of thefer-4andripkmutants reveals RIPK, as well as FER, to be required for RALF1 response in roots. The RALF1–FER–RIPK interactions may thus represent a mechanism for peptide signaling in plants.

scholarly journals Extracellular pyridine nucleotides trigger plant systemic immunity through a lectin receptor kinase/BAK1 complex

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenggang Wang ◽  
Xiaoen Huang ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Yanping Zhang ◽  
Jian-Liang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide ◽  
Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽  
Plant Immunity ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Receptor Complex ◽  
Pyridine Nucleotides ◽  
Receptor Kinase ◽  
Systemic Immunity ◽  
Lectin Receptor

Abstract Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a long-lasting broad-spectrum plant immunity induced by mobile signals produced in the local leaves where the initial infection occurs. Although multiple structurally unrelated signals have been proposed, the mechanisms responsible for perception of these signals in the systemic leaves are unknown. Here, we show that exogenously applied nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) moves systemically and induces systemic immunity. We demonstrate that the lectin receptor kinase (LecRK), LecRK-VI.2, is a potential receptor for extracellular NAD+ (eNAD+) and NAD+ phosphate (eNADP+) and plays a central role in biological induction of SAR. LecRK-VI.2 constitutively associates with BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1-ASSOCIATED KINASE1 (BAK1) in vivo. Furthermore, BAK1 and its homolog BAK1-LIKE1 are required for eNAD(P)+ signaling and SAR, and the kinase activities of LecR-VI.2 and BAK1 are indispensable to their function in SAR. Our results indicate that eNAD+ is a putative mobile signal, which triggers SAR through its receptor complex LecRK-VI.2/BAK1 in Arabidopsis thaliana.

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