SPIO–RGD nanoparticles as a molecular targeting probe for imaging tumor angiogenesis using synchrotron radiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 612-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Chunfu Zhang ◽  
Ke Yang ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
Lisa X. Xu
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Tumor Angiogenesis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Molecular Probe ◽  
Molecular Targeting ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Arginine Glycine Aspartic Acid ◽  
Early Stage Tumor

Angiogenesis, new blood vessels sprouting from pre-existing vessels, is essential to tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. It can be used as a biomarker for early stage tumor diagnosis and targeted therapy. To visualize angiogenesis many molecular imaging modalities have been used. In this study a novel X-ray molecular targeting probe using superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) conjugated with arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (SPIO–RGD) has been developed. Based on the extremely high sensitivity to the iron element of synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence and the superior spatial resolution of third-generation synchrotron radiation, the feasibility of SPIO–RGD as a promising molecular probe for imaging tumor angiogenesis has been demonstrated.

In situ Analysis of the Fate and behavior of Inorganic Nanomaterials in Biological System by Synchrotron Radiation X-ray Probe Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuang Zhu ◽  
Yaling Wang ◽  
Chunying Chen
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Electronic Configuration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Inorganic Nanomaterials ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Fate And Behavior

Background: The comprehensive understanding of nanomaterial behavior in biological systems is essential in accurately modeling and predicting nanomaterial fate and toxicity. Synchrotron radiation (SR) X-ray techniques, based on their ability to study electronic configuration, coordination geometry, or oxidative state of nanomaterials with high sensitivity and spatial resolution, have been introduced to analyze the transformation behavior of nanomaterials in biological systems. Methods: Previous research in this field are classified and summarized. Results: To start with, a brief introduction of a few widely used SR-based analytical techniques including X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence microprobe, scanning transmission X-ray microscopy and circular dichroism spectroscopy is provided. Then, the recent advances of their applications in the analysis of nanomaterial behaviors are elaborated based on different nanomaterial transformation forms such as biodistribution, biomolecule interaction, decomposition, redox reaction, and recrystallization/agglomeration. Finally, a few challenges faced in this field are proposed. Conclusion: This review summarizes the application of SR X-ray techniques in analyzing the fate of inorganic nanomaterials in biological systems. We hope it can help the readers to have a general understanding of the applications of SR-based techniques in studying nanomaterial biotransformation and to stimulate more insightful researches in relevant fields.

Direct Observation of Diffraction Arcs from Nanoscale Precipitates in Steels by Highly Brilliant and Focused Synchrotron Radiation Beam and Imaging Plate

1994 ◽  
Vol 332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuo Takagi ◽  
Yoshitaka Okitsu ◽  
Toshiyasu Ukena
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Imaging Plate ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation Beam ◽  
Radiation Beam ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTDirect observation of diffraction arcs by X-ray from nanoscale precipitates in steels has become possible for the first time by using a highly brilliant and focused synchrotron radiation beam at BL3A of Photon Factory, and also by using an “imaging plate”, a two dimensional X-ray detector which has a wide dynamic range and high sensitivity. For examples, most of the diffraction arcs from ε-Cu precipitates (∼200 Å in diameter and ∼1 at. % in concentration) in Cu-added steels were observed. The method can apply to nondestructive and in-situ observation of creation and growth processes of the precipitates which has close relationships to various physical properties of the matrix steels.

scholarly journals In vivo three-dimensional evaluation of tumour hypoxia in nasopharyngeal carcinomas using FMT-CT and MSOT

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1027-1038
Author(s):  
Wenhui Huang ◽  
Kun Wang ◽  
Yu An ◽  
Hui Meng ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Molecular Probe ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Tumour Hypoxia ◽  
Imaging Strategy

Abstract Purpose Accurate evaluation of hypoxia is particularly important in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) undergoing radiotherapy. The aim of this study was to propose a novel imaging strategy for quantitative three-dimensional (3D) evaluation of hypoxia in a small animal model of NPC. Methods A carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX)-specific molecular probe (CAIX-800) was developed for imaging of hypoxia. Mouse models of subcutaneous, orthotopic, and spontaneous lymph node metastasis from NPC (5 mice per group) were established to assess the imaging strategy. A multi-modality imaging method that consisted of a hybrid combination of fluorescence molecular tomography-computed tomography (FMT-CT) and multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT) was used for 3D quantitative evaluation of tumour hypoxia. Magnetic resonance imaging, histological examination, and immunohistochemical analysis were used as references for comparison and validation. Results In the early stage of NPC (2 weeks after implantation), FMT-CT enabled precise 3D localisation of the hypoxia biomarker with high sensitivity. At the advanced stage (6 weeks after implantation), MSOT allowed multispectral analysis of the biomarker and haemoglobin molecules with high resolution. The combination of high sensitivity and high resolution from FMT-CT and MSOT could not only detect hypoxia in small-sized NPCs but also visualise the heterogeneity of hypoxia in 3D. Conclusions Integration of FMT-CT and MSOT could allow comprehensive and quantifiable evaluation of hypoxia in NPC. These findings may potentially benefit patients with NPC undergoing radiotherapy in the future.

Early stage of nucleic acid electrochemistry. Detection of DNA damage in X-ray-irradiated rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 1799-1810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil Paleček
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Strand Breaks ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dna And Rna ◽  
Oscillographic Polarography ◽  
Radiation Induced

First papers on electroactivity of DNA and RNA were published more then 50 years ago. For about 8 years oscillographic polarography at controlled a.c. (OP, proposed by J. Heyrovský already in 1941) was the method of choice for DNA analysis. Since approximately 1954 Robert Kalvoda developed OP for wide application in various fields. It is shown that already before 1960 it was possible to detect damage to DNA in X-ray-irradiated rats by means of OP. DNA samples from irradiated animals produced significantly larger OP anodic guanine signal indicating changes in the DNA structure. At present, radiation-induced strand breaks and damage to bases in DNA can be electrochemically detected at high sensitivity.

scholarly journals High-Sensitivity Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Silicon Wafers Using Synchrotron Radiation.

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 515-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen S. LADERMAN ◽  
Alice Fischer-COLBRIE ◽  
Ayako SHIMAZAKI ◽  
Kunihiro MIYAZAKI ◽  
Sean BRENNAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Silicon Wafers ◽  
Total Reflection ◽  
X Ray

Time-Resolved Small-Angle X-ray Scattering Study of Reversion Kinetics of δ′ Precipitates in an Al - 12AT.% Li Alloy Utilizing Synchrotron Radiation

1990 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haydn Chen ◽  
M.S. Yu ◽  
H. Okuda ◽  
M. Tanaka ◽  
K. Osamura
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Radius Of Gyration ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diffuse Interfaces ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Ray Scattering

AbstractStructure change during the reversion process in an Al−12at.%Li alloy above the metastable δ′ solvus was investigated using a time-resolved small-angle x-ray scattering technique with synchrotron radiation. Results showed that the reversion process started after a short incubation time and that the growth of the stable δ phase began before completion of the δ′ dissolution. The radius of gyration of the second phase particles showed little change in the initial stage of reversion, then increased with time, suggesting the presence of diffuse interfaces between the dissolving δ′ particles and the matrix. It is suggested that the undissolved δ′ particles serve as the nuclei of the more stable δ precipitates, which continue to grow with their radii of gyration showing a parabolic power law in the early stage of growth followed by the familiar coarsening kinetics.

scholarly journals Following up the afterglow: strategy for X-ray observation triggered by gravitational wave events

2022 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Mu-Xin Liu ◽  
Hui Tong ◽  
Yi-Ming Hu ◽  
Man-Leong Chan ◽  
Zhu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Field Of View ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Binary Neutron Star ◽  
Wave Event

Abstract The multi-messenger observation of coalescing compact binary systems promises great scientific treasure. However, synthesising observations from both gravitational wave and electromagnetic channels remains challenging. In the context of the day-to-week long emission from a macronova, the binary neutron star merger GW170817 remains the only event with successful electromagnetic followup. In this manuscript, we explore the possibility of using the early stage X-ray afterglow to search for the electromagnetic counterpart of a gravitational wave event. Two algorithms, the simple and straightforward sequential observation (SO) and the step-wise optimizing local optimization are considered and applied to some simulated events. We consider the WXT from the proposed Einstein Probe as a candidate X-ray telescope, which has a very wide field of view of 3600 deg2. Benefiting from the large field of view and high sensitivity, we find that the SO algorithm not only is easy to implement, but also promises a good chance of actual detection.

scholarly journals Sensitive imaging of intact microvessels in vivo with synchrotron radiation

IUCrJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 793-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feixiang Wang ◽  
Panting Zhou ◽  
Ke Li ◽  
Muyassar Mamtilahun ◽  
Yaohui Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Rigid Motion ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Intermittent Flow ◽  
Live Animal ◽  
Disease Evolution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging

Early stages of diseases, including stroke, hypertension, angiogenesis of tumours, spinal cord injuries, etc., are closely associated with the lesions of microvasculature. Rodent models of human vascular diseases are extensively used for the preclinical investigation of the disease evolution and therapy with synchrotron radiation. Therefore, non-invasive and in vivo X-ray imaging with high sensitivity and clarity is desperately needed to visualize the microvessels in live-animal models. Contrast agent is essential for the in vivo X-ray imaging of vessels and angiomatous tissue. Because of the non-rigid motion of adjacent tissues, the short circulation time and the intermittent flow of contrast agents in vessels, it is a great challenge for the traditional X-ray imaging methods to achieve well defined images of microvessels in vivo. In this article, move contrast X-ray imaging (MCXI) based on high-brightness synchrotron radiation is developed to overcome the intrinsic defects in conventional methods. Experiments with live rodents demonstrate the practicability of the MCXI method for sensitive and intact imaging of microvessels in vivo.

An x-ray microprobe based upon a close-coupled focal-spot / glass capillary arrangement

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1758-1759
Author(s):  
D. A. Carpenter ◽  
M. A. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Close Coupling ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
Beam Damage

The development of intense sources of x rays has led to renewed interest in the use of microbeams of x rays in x-ray fluorescence analysis. Sparks pointed out that the use of x rays as a probe offered the advantages of high sensitivity, low detection limits, low beam damage, and large penetration depths with minimal specimen preparation or perturbation. In addition, the option of air operation provided special advantages for examination of hydrated systems or for nondestructive microanalysis of large specimens.The disadvantages of synchrotron sources prompted the development of laboratory-based instrumentation with various schemes to maximize the beam flux while maintaining small point-to-point resolution. Nichols and Ryon developed a microprobe using a rotating anode source and a modified microdiffractometer. Cross and Wherry showed that by close-coupling the x-ray source, specimen, and detector, good intensities could be obtained for beam sizes between 30 and 100μm. More importantly, both groups combined specimen scanning with modern imaging techniques for rapid element mapping.

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