On the modeling of shear bands formation in J2 materials with damage evolution

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-153
Author(s):  
Sebastian D'hers ◽  
Eduardo N. Dvorkin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Strain Localization ◽  
Damage Evolution ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Strong Discontinuity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Model Response ◽  
Triggering Conditions

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to model the strain localization in J2 materials with damage evolution using embedded strong discontinuity modes.Design/methodology/approachIn this procedure, an heuristic bandwidth scale is adopted to model the damage evolution in the shear bands. The bifurcation triggering conditions and band growth directions are studied for these materials.FindingsThe resulting formulation does not require a specific mesh refinement to model a localization, provides mesh independent results also insensitive to element distortions and allows calibration of the model response using experimental data. The formulation capability is shown embedding the strong discontinuity modes into quadrilateral and higher order elements.Originality/valueThe work described in this paper extends the use of strong discontinuity modes to materials with damage evolution.

A solution for the chicken and egg paradox in taxi e-hailing platforms: some evidence from the MyTaxi – FreeNow case

Kybernetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Tani ◽  
Ciro Troise ◽  
Gianpaolo Basile
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Adaptive System ◽  
Complex Adaptive System ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
System Perspective ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Complex Adaptive

Purpose This study aims to explore the chicken and egg paradox in the taxi e-hailing business contributing to define a condition of system emergence. This paradox is a meaningful one as these platforms represent a system where the passengers systems have no reason to participate if they have no drivers-systems to answer their call, but, at the same time, the platform is not useful to the drivers-system if there are no passengers-systems using the platform. Design/methodology/approach To understand how this paradox has been dealt with in the taxi e-hailing business, this study focused on a case study on a best practice in Italian taxi e-hailing industry (i.e. MyTaxi/FreeNow). This study wants to comprehend which actions have been implemented to solve this paradox and has tried to identify the interconnections between the various strategies to create a closed loop diagram for further testing. Findings This study has found that the company did not choose a single “subsystem” (passenger or driver), but it has stimulated the creation of several mutually reinforcing motivation for have both subsystems interact to help the company grow. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paradox has never been studied using the complex adaptive system perspective. This perspective is particularly useful in this case and in the similar ones with several different interacting factors that cannot be really studied without using a higher order perspective.

A multi-dimensional approach to consumer motivation: exploring economic, hedonic, and normative consumption goals

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isak Barbopoulos ◽  
Lars-Olof Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Marketing Research ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Moral Norms ◽  
Dimensional Approach ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consumer Motivation ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Consumption Goals

Purpose – The purpose of the present research is to explore the (multi-) dimensionality of the highly influential gain, hedonic and normative master goals. Despite being important drivers of consumer behavior, few attempts have been made to incorporate these goals into a single measure. Design/methodology/approach – Across three studies, the dimensionality of the gain, hedonic, and normative master goals are explored (Study 1), confirmed (Study 2) and validated (Study 3). Findings – A structure of five distinct sub-goals emerged, which were shown to be related to the original higher-order goals: thrift and safety (related to the gain goal), moral and social norms (related to the normative goal) and instant gratification (related to the hedonic goal). These five dimensions were shown to have satisfactory convergent, discriminant and construct validity. Research limitations/implications – The present research shows that consumer motivation is multi-dimensional, and that a distinction should be made not only between higher-order utilitarian, hedonic and normative determinants but also between their corresponding sub-goals, such as social and moral norms. A multi-dimensional approach to consumer motivation should prove useful in standard marketing research, as well as in the segmentation of consumer groups, products and settings. Originality/value – The emergent dimensions encompass a broad range of research, from economics and marketing, to social and environmental psychology, providing consumer researchers and practitioners alike a more nuanced and psychologically accurate view on consumer motivation.

scholarly journals The attributes of leftovers and higher-order personal values

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (9) ◽  
pp. 1965-1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynda Andrews ◽  
Gayle Kerr ◽  
David Pearson ◽  
Miranda Mirosa
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Market Research ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Qualitative Survey ◽  
Household Members ◽  
Negative Attributes

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the inter-relationships between peoples’ perceptions of the attributes of leftover food and how they lead to higher-order values in relation to food waste. Design/methodology/approach The method involved an online, text-based, qualitative survey of 112 panel members from a market research firm. The data were examined using thematic analysis and framed using a means-end approach. Findings Findings show that leftover foods take on both positive and negative attributes and benefits, as shown in four themes—tasty foods, dangerous foods, images of spoiling and used or second-hand—leading to consequences, identified as creating time, Time to binning and repurposing. Additionally, how individuals in a household speak of themselves based on their higher-order values, termed as states of being, can determine whether such foods are repurposed or consigned to the bin. These states of being are reflected in the three themes: the responsible ones, the virtuous ones and the blameless ones. Originality/value This study provides more focussed insights on the interplay between the attributes and benefits of leftovers and how household members position themselves towards these foods, particularly in their transition to waste.

To be or not to be in the sample? On using manipulation checks in experimental accounting research

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-482
Author(s):  
Peter Kotzian ◽  
Thomas Stoeber ◽  
Florian Hoos ◽  
Barbara E. Weissenberger
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Manipulation Check ◽  
Full Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Accounting Research ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Statistical Results

Purpose Manipulation checks are a recommended for experimental accounting research. Usage of information gained by manipulation checks varies. In some studies, participants who failed the manipulation check are removed from the sample. Other studies report the results of the manipulation checks but still use the full sample. Some authors recommend removing participants who failed the manipulation check as a means to increase the power of the statistical analysis. Others warn that removing these participants endangers the randomization as a crucial precondition for gaining valid insights from experimental research. Until now, there is little research on how sensitive results react to exclusion of participants. The purpose of this paper is to study the effects of removing participants failing the manipulation checks on the evaluation of a hypothesis and the development of alternative usages of the information gained from manipulation checks. Design/methodology/approach Based on an analytical model and a simulation, the authors show how removing participants who fail the manipulation check affects experimental findings. Findings Simulations show that statistical results and conclusions drawn from an experiment differ substantially, depending on whether participants who failed the manipulation check are removed from the sample. As the participants who are removed are no random sub-sample, but share a certain property, the experimental results react strongly, typically showing significant results, where there are actually none. Originality/value This paper is, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the first to address the sensitivity of experimental results to removing participants who fail the manipulation check from the sample and the implications for the validity of conclusions drawn from experimental accounting research. This paper’s contribution is a better way of using information gained in the manipulation check in the statistical analysis of the experimental data.

Higher-order models with reflective indicators

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 180-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Temme ◽  
Adamantios Diamantopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Factor Models ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Modeling Approach ◽  
Order Factor ◽  
Higher Order Models

Purpose – Higher-order factor models have recently been dismissed as a ‘misleading’, ‘meaningless’, and ‘needless’ approach for modeling multidimensional constructs (Lee and Cadogan, 2013; L & C, 2013 hereafter). The purpose of this paper is to show that – in contrast to L & C’s (2013) verdict – higher-order factor models are still a legitimate operationalization option for multidimensional constructs. Design/methodology/approach – Basic conceptual and statistical premises of L & C’s (2013) arguments against higher-order factor models are scrutinized both conceptually and statistically as to their logic and validity. Findings – A thorough analysis of L & C’s (2013) arguments shows that they are fundamentally flawed both conceptually and statistically, rendering their conclusions invalid. Research limitations/implications – Researchers should not remove the well-established higher-order factor models from their methodological toolkit. Furthermore, empirical findings should not automatically be considered suspect simply because higher-factor models have been used to model multidimensional constructs. Originality/value – So far, L & C’s (2013) arguments against higher-order factor models have gone unchallenged in the literature. This rejoinder is a first, much needed attempt to protect applied researchers from getting the false impression that by using higher-factor models, they rely on a “misleading” or “meaningless” modeling approach.

The electrothermal impact on a contact metal-semiconductor: applications to the germanium–silver system

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arkadiy Skvortsov ◽  
Nikolay A. Khripach ◽  
Boris A. Papkin ◽  
Danila E. Pshonkin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Power Devices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Heat Loading ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Contact Metal ◽  
Intense Heat

Purpose This study aims to examine the electromigration processes resulting from thermal overloads of semiconductor devices. While in operation, parts of such devices can heat up to 330°C for a short period, resulting in the emergence of molten zones and the devices’ inevitable degradation. Therefore, this study examines the mechanisms behind the formation and migration of silver-based molten zones in bulk germanium and on its surface. Design/methodology/approach Experimental data concerning the correlation between the migration velocities of the inclusions and their sizes are obtained. Findings By comparing these experimental data with known electromigration models, it is concluded that inclusions move through the mechanism of melting and crystallization. The dynamics of Ge–Ag zones in the volume of a germanium crystal are compared to those on its surface and accelerated electromigration on the surface of the crystal is observed. This increased migration velocity is shown to be associated with additional contributions of the electrocapillary component. Originality/value The results of this study can be used to calculate the operating modes of semiconductor power devices under intense heat loading.

scholarly journals Textile technologies for the manufacture of three-dimensional textile preforms

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 342-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Ishmael ◽  
Anura Fernando ◽  
Sonja Andrew ◽  
Lindsey Waterton Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Manufacturing Methods

Purpose This paper aims to provide an overview of the current manufacturing methods for three-dimensional textile preforms while providing experimental data on the emerging techniques of combining yarn interlocking with yarn interlooping. Design/methodology/approach The paper describes the key textile technologies used for composite manufacture: braiding, weaving and knitting. The various textile preforming methods are suited to different applications; their capabilities and end performance characteristics are analysed. Findings Such preforms are used in composites in a wide range of industries, from aerospace to medical and automotive to civil engineering. The paper highlights how the use of knitting technology for preform manufacture has gained wider acceptance due to its flexibility in design and shaping capabilities. The tensile properties of glass fibre knit structures containing inlay yarns interlocked between knitted loops are given, highlighting the importance of reinforcement yarns. Originality/value The future trends of reinforcement yarns in knitted structures for improved tensile properties are discussed, with initial experimental data.

Application of Spice simulator in the evaluation of crosstalk computational models

2006 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 668-676
Author(s):  
André Tosin ◽  
Willian Gerlach Dietz ◽  
Carlos Antonio França Sartori ◽  
José Roberto Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Transmission Line ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Transmission Line Model ◽  
Line Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Theoretical Results ◽  
Number Of Cells

PurposeThis paper aims to present an evaluation of the crosstalk models developed for a shareware version of Spice.Design/methodology/approachThe transmission line model is compared with π lumped circuit models by varying the number of cells. The influence of losses is also introduced, and some constraints regarding the models are examined, showing the suitability of the new Spice libraries developed by the authors. In order to validate the theoretical results some experiments were carried out.FindingsThe paper finds that Spice is a powerful engineering tool for students and technicians involved in EMC analyses.Originality/valueThe main aspects concerning the accuracy and integrity of the experimental data are emphasized and discussed in this paper.

Challenges of the levels of learning

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 281-287
Author(s):  
Nataša Rupčić
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Learning Behavior ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
Economic Paradigm ◽  
Systemic Transformation ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Higher Order Learning ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to highlight challenges and opportunities that surround the process of learning with an emphasis on higher-order learning and learning as behavior. Higher-order learning has been conceptualized as learning behavior that can be learned. Design/methodology/approach The holistic framework regarding higher-order learning has been proposed on the basis of systems perspective and critical thinking of previous contributions. Findings A review and analysis of learning, especially higher-order learning, resulted in its conceptualization and guidelines on how to implement it. Higher-order learning is a learning behavior that can be learned and implemented in many situations in complex social and organizational practices. Research limitations/implications Conclusions and remarks provided in this paper need further empirical testing and validation. Practical implications Implications for practitioners have been identified in terms of recommendations for implementing higher-order learning as a learning behavior that can be learned. Social implications Dedicated implementation of higher-order learning and learning as behavior can bring true change to the current social and economic paradigm and lasting solutions to the so-called “stubborn problems” of pollution, abuse, destruction and poverty, and can cause systemic transformation of our declining society. Originality/value Higher-order learning has been conceptualized and challenges surrounding it have been identified along with suggestions on how to overcome them.

The effects of coating colours on base papers

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Engin ◽  
Sinan Sönmez ◽  
Öznur Özden
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Free Base ◽  
High Brightness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fundamental Properties ◽  
Coating Colour ◽  
Tear Resistance

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influences of coating colours and their contents on the fundamental properties of base papers and also evaluate these results in terms of mechanical and wood-free papers. Design/methodology/approach A design research approach has been based on the application of various coating colours and analysis of mechanical and optical tests results of the coated mechanical and wood-free base papers. Findings This study is confirmed that the coating colours can be easily applied to the surface of the papers. The experimental data have revealed that significant improvements exist in the values of tear resistance (strength), brightness and opacity of the mechanical base papers, especially by the application of the coating colours including kaolin pigment. The results show that mechanical papers can also be used in areas with high brightness expectations by applying coating colour. Originality/value The originality of this work is based on understanding and comparing the effects of applying similar coating formulations on mechanical and wood-free base papers.

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