Recent innovations in adhesive technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Robert Bogue
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Research Effort ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Biologically Inspired ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Dry Adhesives ◽  
Gecko Adhesion ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose – This paper aims to provide an insight into recent innovations in adhesive technology by considering a selection of commercial developments and academic research activities. Design/methodology/approach – Following an introduction, this paper first discusses a selection of commercially developed adhesives used in the healthcare, photovoltaics and aerospace industries. It then considers biomimetic adhesive research, specifically dry adhesives which mimic the principles of gecko adhesion and wet adhesives based on the chemistry which underpins mussel adhesion. Finally, brief concluding comments are drawn. Findings – This shows that new adhesives continue to be developed to meet a growing range of industrial requirements, and a major research effort into biologically inspired adhesion mechanisms is poised to yield new families of high-performance adhesives. Originality/value – This provides details of recent commercial and academic developments in adhesive technology.

Robots in recycling and disassembly

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Bogue
Keyword(s):  
Research Effort ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electronic Waste Recycling ◽  
Product Disassembly ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose This paper aims to illustrate the growing role robots are playing in recycling and product disassembly and provide an insight into recent research activities. Design/methodology/approach Following a short introduction, this first considers robotic waste sorting systems and then describes two systems for the disassembly of electronic products. It then provides details of some recent research activities. Finally, brief conclusions are drawn. Findings Robotic systems exploiting artificial intelligence combined with various sensing and machine vision technologies are playing a growing role in the sorting of municipal and industrial waste, prior to recycling. These are mostly based on delta robots and can achieve pick rates of 60-70 items/min and be configured to recognise and select a wide range of different materials and items from moving conveyors. Electronic waste recycling is yet to benefit significantly from robotics although a limited number of systems have been developed for product disassembly. Disassembly techniques are the topic of a concerted research effort which often involves robots and humans collaborating and sharing disassembly tasks. Originality/value This provides an insight into the present-day uses and potential future role of robots in recycling which has traditionally been a highly labour-intensive industry.

Sensing with terahertz radiation: a review of recent progress

Sensor Review ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Bogue
Keyword(s):  
Terahertz Radiation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Radiation Sources ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Terahertz Sensing ◽  
Strong Body ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose This paper aims to provide a technical insight into a selection of recent developments and applications involving terahertz sensing technology. Design/methodology/approach Following an introduction, the first part of this paper considers a selection of research activities involving terahertz radiation sources and detectors. The second part seeks to illustrate how the technology is exerting a commercial impact and discusses a number of product developments and applications. Findings Terahertz sensing is a rapidly developing field and a strong body of research seeks to develop sources and detectors with enhanced features which often exploit novel materials, phenomena and technologies. Commercialisation is gathering pace, and a growing number of companies are producing terahertz sensing and imaging products which are finding a diversity of applications. Originality/value This provides details of recent research, product developments and applications involving terahertz sensing technology.

Nanophotonic technologies driving innovations in molecular sensing

Sensor Review ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-175
Author(s):  
Robert Bogue
Keyword(s):  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Molecular Sensors ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Reduced Costs ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Purpose This paper aims to provide a technical insight into recent molecular sensor developments involving nanophotonic materials and phenomena. Design/methodology/approach Following an introduction, this highlights a selection of recent research activities involving molecular sensors based on nanophotonic technologies. It discusses chemical sensors, gas sensors and finally the role of nanophotonics in Raman spectroscopy. Brief concluding comments are drawn. Findings This shows that nanophotonic technologies are being applied to a diversity of molecular sensors and have the potential to yield devices with enhanced features such as higher sensitivity and reduced size. As several of these sensors can be fabricated with CMOS technology, potential exists for mass-production and significantly reduced costs. Originality/value This article illustrates how emerging nanophotonic technologies are set to enhance the capabilities of a diverse range of molecular sensors.

Design and topological optimization of rear pressure bulkhead for a typical aircraft

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshal Thakran ◽  
Meenakshi ◽  
Jitender Sharma ◽  
Charles Gilbert Martin
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Topological Optimization ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Iterative Design ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the model of a rear pressure bulkhead with different design optimizations to meet the pressurized cabin requirements of an aircraft. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents the results of the static analysis of a dome-shaped rear pressure bulkhead model designed in Catia-v5. Numerical analysis of model meshed in hyper-mesh and solved using Opti-Struct for iterative design optimizations. Findings All the iterative models are analyzed at 9 Psi. Rear pressure bulkhead designed with L-section stringer shows better results than the model optimized with T-section stringer for the same thickness. The model optimized with L-shaped stinger also reduces the weight of the bulkhead without affecting the structural integrity. Practical implications It has been concluded in this paper that the selection of specific shapes of the stringers shows a significant influence on weight reduction. Originality/value This paper provides a topical, technical insight into the design and development of a rear pressure bulkhead. It also outlines the future development of dome-shaped rear pressure bulkhead.

The long-term development of Russian biotech sector

foresight ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 491-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Grebenyuk ◽  
Nikolai Ravin
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Plant Biotechnology ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The Usa

Purpose To define strategic directions for the Russia’s social, economic, scientific and technological development in 2011-2013, a large-scale foresight study including the deep analysis of prospects of biotechnology development there was undertaken (Russia 2030: Science and Technology Foresight). This paper aims to present results of this research. Design/methodology/approach The study was based on a combination of technology-push and market-pull approaches that aimed not only to identify most promising science and technology (S&T) areas but also to understand how they can be realized in practice. Representatives from federal authorities, science and business were involved in the project to create future visions of technological directions; analyze grand challenges, weak signals and wild cards; and set research and development (R&D) priorities. Findings According to results of the study, Russia has a potential for biotech sector development, although the level of R&D in the majority of areas is lagging behind that in the USA and leading EU countries. However, there are several advanced applied research areas where efforts can be focused. Among them are high-performance genomics and post-genomics research platforms, systems and structural biology, microbial metabolic engineering, plant biotechnology and microbial strains and consortia for development of symbiotic plant–microbial communities. Originality/value Concentration of available resources of government and business on biotechnological sector development can help to find answers for challenges that Russia faces today or will face tomorrow. It will help to pick up on the current level of research activities, improve the quality of personnel training, make this area the engine of the economy and carry out the so-called new industrialization of the country, building a new, high-tech device industry.

Selection of selective laser sintering materials for different applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 630-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Sarang Pande ◽  
Sanat Agrawal ◽  
Santosh M. Bobade
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Selective Laser Sintering ◽  
Laser Sintering ◽  
Optimal Process ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
High Performance Application ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose and evaluate the selection of materials for the selective laser sintering (SLS) process, which is used for low-volume production in the engineering (e.g. light weight machines, architectural modelling, high performance application, manufacturing of fuel cell, etc.), medical and many others (e.g. art and hobbies, etc.) with a keen focus on meeting customer requirements. Design/methodology/approach – The work starts with understanding the optimal process parameters, an appropriate consolidation mechanism to control microstructure, and selection of appropriate materials satisfying the property requirement for specific application area that leads to optimization of materials. Findings – Fabricating the parts using optimal process parameters, appropriate consolidation mechanism and selecting the appropriate material considering the property requirement of applications can improve part characteristics, increase acceptability, sustainability, life cycle and reliability of the SLS-fabricated parts. Originality/value – The newly proposed material selection system based on properties requirement of applications has been proven, especially in cases where non-experts or student need to select SLS process materials according to the property requirement of applications. The selection of materials based on property requirement of application may be used by practitioners from not only the engineering field, medical field and many others like art and hobbies but also academics who wish to select materials of SLS process for different applications.

Disaster relief, and search and rescue robots: the way forward

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Bogue
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Disaster Relief ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
User Requirements ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
Research Programmes ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose This paper aims to provide an insight into the future for disaster relief (DR) and search and rescue (SAR) robots by considering research activities which seek to address real-world applications and by identifying key user requirements and development priorities. Design/methodology/approach Following a short introduction, this first provides a brief overview of the use of robots in DR and SAR and gives examples of organisations promoting their use. This is followed by details of development programmes aimed at meeting users’ requirements. Specific needs are identified and considered in detail and were derived from both the literature and through discussions with users. This paper concludes with a tabulated summary of key development priorities. Findings This study shows that several collaborative research programmes aim to address real DR and SAR applications, with robots being tested in simulated disaster scenarios. A number of key user requirements and development priorities are identified for aerial, ground and marine robots. Originality/value By identifying a number of specific requirements, this paper will assist in focussing research and development activities towards real users’ needs.

The role of augmented reality in robotics

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 789-794
Author(s):  
Robert Bogue
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Haptic Feedback ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Virtual Fixtures ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Positional Control

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an insight into how augmented reality (AR) technologies are being applied to robotics. Design/methodology/approach Following an introduction and a brief historical background to AR, this first provides examples of AR applications in robot programming. It then gives examples of recent research into AR-based robot teleoperation. Research activities involving the virtual fixtures (VF) technique are then discussed and finally, brief conclusions are drawn. Findings Because AR concepts were first investigated in the 1990s, applications involving robotics have been widely studied. Programming with the aid of AR devices, such as the HoloLens headset, can be simplified and AR methods, including the VF technique, can improve the accuracy and speed of teleoperation, manipulation and positional control tasks. They can also provide visual or haptic feedback which leads to more intuitive operation and significantly reduces the cognitive load on the operator. Originality/value This provides an insight into the growing role of AR in robotics by providing examples of recent research in a range of applications.

scholarly journals Regioisomerization of Antimalarial Drug WR99210 Explains the Inactivity of a Commercial Stock

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. e01385-20
Author(s):  
T. Parks Remcho ◽  
Sravanthi D. Guggilapu ◽  
Phillip Cruz ◽  
Glenn A. Nardone ◽  
Gavin Heffernan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Site ◽  
Antimalarial Drug ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Computational Docking ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Commercial Stock ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACTWR99210, a former antimalarial drug candidate now widely used for the selection of Plasmodium transfectants, selectively targets the parasite’s dihydrofolate reductase thymidine synthase bifunctional enzyme (DHFR-TS) but not human DHFR, which is not fused with TS. Accordingly, WR99210 and plasmids expressing the human dhfr gene have become valued tools for the genetic modification of parasites in the laboratory. Concerns over the ineffectiveness of WR99210 from some sources encouraged us to investigate the biological and chemical differences of supplies from two different companies (compounds 1 and 2). Compound 1 proved effective at low nanomolar concentrations against Plasmodium falciparum parasites, whereas compound 2 was ineffective, even at micromolar concentrations. Intact and fragmented mass spectra indicated identical molecular formulae of the unprotonated (free base) structures of compounds 1 and 2; however, the compounds displayed differences by thin-layer chromatography, reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, and UV-visible spectroscopy, indicating important isomeric differences. Structural evaluations by 1H, 13C, and 15N nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy confirmed compound 1 as WR99210 and compound 2 as a dihydrotriazine regioisomer. Induced fit computational docking models showed that compound 1 binds tightly and specifically in the P. falciparum DHFR active site, whereas compound 2 fits poorly to the active site in loose and varied orientations. Stocks and concentrates of WR99210 should be monitored for the presence of regioisomer 2, particularly when they are not supplied as the hydrochloride salt or are exposed to basic conditions that may promote rearrangement. Absorption spectroscopy can serve for assays of the unrearranged and rearranged triazines.

Miniature and microrobots: a review of recent developments

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Bogue
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Swarm Robotics ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Miniature Robots ◽  
Healthcare It ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
And Control ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose – This paper aims to provide an insight into recent miniaturised robot developments and applications. Design/methodology/approach – Following an introduction, this article discusses the technology and applications of miniature robots and considers swarm robotics, assembly robots, flying robots and their uses in healthcare. It concludes with a brief consideration of the emerging field of nanorobotics. Findings – This shows that all manners of miniaturised terrestrial, airborne and aquatic robots are being developed, but size and weight restraints pose considerable technological challenges, such as power sources, navigation, actuation and control. Prototypes have been developed for military, assembly, medical, environmental and other applications, as well as for furthering the understanding of swarm behaviour. In the longer term, microrobots and nanorobots offer prospects to revolutionise many aspects of healthcare, such as cancer treatment. Originality/value – This study provides details of a wide-ranging selection of miniaturised robot developments.

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