Politicised opinion leaders in the younger generation: to meat or not to meat?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen Schulze ◽  
Achim Spiller ◽  
Kristin Jürkenbeck
Keyword(s):  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Opinion Leader ◽  
Food Choices ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Food Decisions ◽  
Younger Generation

PurposeThe consumption of animal-based food products faces several sustainability challenges. To date, however, meat intake plays an important role in everyday food choices. With their ability to change the opinions of a critical mass, opinion leaders in food choices are assumed to play a predominant role in influencing future dietary styles. Thus, the objective of this study was to identify opinion leaders in food choices and their personal meat consumption behaviour as well as their attitude towards policy interventions aiming to meat reduction.Design/methodology/approachThe sample consisted of 1,479 German participants aged between 15 and 29 years who were online surveyed in autumn 2020. A latent profile analysis (LPA) identified three distinct groups of opinion leader in the younger generation labelled “non-opinion leaders”, “weak opinion leaders” and “opinion leaders”. The identified profiles were used to understand opinion leaders and their food choices by using chi-square tests as well as univariate ANOVA with Tukey or Games-Howell post hoc tests.FindingsOpinion leadership in food choices was associated with a higher interest in meat-reduced dietary styles and with more positive attitudes towards innovative food ideas. Moreover, opinion leaders were associated with politicised food decisions, indicating that their food choices align with their political and social interests.Originality/valueThe results contribute to a better understanding of the development of future dietary styles, provide evidence for a shift towards more sustainable dietary patterns in the near future and highlight that food decisions are no longer solely decisions on an individual basis but rather becoming of political relevance.

Striving for inclusion: evidence from China using a latent profile approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaojiao Qu ◽  
Shuming Zhao ◽  
Yixuan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Organizational Leaders ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Profile Approach ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Latent Profile

Purpose This study aims to identify profiles of inclusion in the workplace to provide evidence-based guidance to build an inclusive organization. Design/methodology/approach Latent profile analysis (LPA), a person-centred classification analytical tool, was applied to determine the subtypes of inclusion with Mplus 7.4, using two-wave data collected from 368 employees in 8 Chinese companies. Findings Three subgroups were identified: identity inclusion group (the highest level of inclusion, 34.0%), value inclusion group (the moderate level of inclusion, 47.5%) and low inclusion group (the lowest level of inclusion, 18.5%). The findings indicate that groups with male, aged and highly educated members, as well as members from developed areas generally tend to feel more included and greater inclusion relates to more favourable outcomes and fewer detrimental consequences. Research limitations/implications As this study was conducted only in China, the results may not be generalizable to non-Chinese contexts. Practical implications The results may help organizational leaders develop a deeper understanding of the significance and the crux of inclusion. To address the duality of workforce diversity, managers can take initiatives to create an inclusive organization. To achieve inclusion, managers should pay attention to ways of improving the perceptions of inclusion among all employees. Originality/value This is among the first studies to identify the variants in inclusion in China using LPA. It reveals the subtypes and characteristics of inclusion and can serve as a starting point to explore how to realize organizational inclusion in theory and practice.

Collaboration strategy selection in BIM-enabled construction projects: a perspective through typical collaboration profiles

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangchong Chen ◽  
Jiayu Chen ◽  
Yuchun Tang ◽  
Yan Ning ◽  
Qiming Li
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Strategy Selection ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Comprehensive Literature Review ◽  
Collaborative Behavior ◽  
Selection Framework ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeCollaboration is essential to BIM-enabled construction projects (BECPs). To facilitate collaboration, various strategies have been proposed. Usually, project team adopts single collaboration strategy for convenience. However, BIM-based collaboration is rather dynamic and exposed to a lot of barriers and risks, which easily changes collaboration conditions among partners. Therefore, better understanding of collaboration conditions in BECPs is crucial to develop flexible and suitable strategies. To fill in the gap, this study intends to identify typical collaboration profiles in BECPs and develop a profile-oriented strategy selection framework.Design/methodology/approachThis study establishes a six-dimensional collaborative behavior matric based on a comprehensive literature review to profile collaboration. Then a questionnaire survey is conducted to collect the collaboration data from 162 BECPs in China. Finally, latent profile analysis (LPA) is utilized to identify the typical collaboration profiles in BECPs.FindingsThrough LPA, four profiles are identified, including restricted collaboration profile, smarmy collaboration profile, intuitive collaboration profile, and modest collaboration profile. A profile-oriented strategy selection framework is also established to match strategies with collaboration profiles. Two major categories of strategies are proposed to promote these collaboration profiles including trust building and elevating strategies and collaborative behaviors facilitating strategies.Research limitations/implicationsThese identified profiles can provide an insightful understanding on the diversified collaboration conditions in BECPs.Practical implicationsThe profile-oriented strategy selection framework will help managers develop strategies flexibly to promote collaboration in BECPs.Originality/valueThis study validates four typical collaboration profiles in BECPs. Moreover, a profile-oriented strategy selection framework is also established for collaboration facilitation in BECPs.

Classification and characterization of US consumers based on their perceptions of risk of tablet use in international hotels

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Morosan ◽  
Agnes DeFranco
Keyword(s):  
Cyber Security ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Perceptions Of Risk ◽  
Using Data

Purpose Cyber-attacks on hotel information systems could threaten the privacy of consumers and the integrity of the data they exchange upon connecting their mobile devices to hotel networks. As the perceived cyber-security risk may be reflected heterogeneously within the US consumer population traveling internationally, the purpose of this study is to examine such heterogeneity to uncover classes of US consumers based on their perceptions of risk of using tablets for various tasks when staying in hotels abroad. Design/methodology/approach Using data collected from 1,016 US consumers who stayed in hotels abroad, this study used latent profile analysis (LPA) to classify the consumers based on their perceptions of risk associated with several tablet use behaviors in hotels. Findings The analysis uncovered four latent classes and produced a characterization of these classes according to several common behavioral (frequency of travel, the continent of the destination, duration of stay and purpose of travel) and demographic (gender, age, income and education) consumer characteristics. Originality/value Being the first study that classifies consumers based on the risk of using tablets in hotels while traveling internationally, this study brings the following contributions: offers a methodology of classifying (segmenting) consumer markets based on their cyber-security risk perceptions, uses LPA, which provides opportunities for an accurate and generalizable characterization of multivariate data that comprehensively illustrate consumer behavior and broadens the perspective offered by the current literature by focusing on consumers who travel from their US residence location to international destinations.

Entrepreneurial academics: a taxonomy with Latent Profile Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (12) ◽  
pp. 3346-3363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Gouveia Rodrigues ◽  
João J.M. Ferreira ◽  
Teresa Felgueira
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Latent Profile

Purpose The need for dynamic and innovative skills and the importance of resources and individuals in pursuit of new opportunities prove to be extremely vital for the higher education institutions (HEI). The purpose of this paper is to develop a taxonomy of academics from HEI, based on their individual entrepreneurial orientation (EO). Design/methodology/approach The population in study was composed of teachers and researchers from worldwide HEI. The data collection was conducted through a questionnaire sent by an e-mail and the authors used the I-ENTRE-U scale to identify entrepreneurial-oriented teachers and researchers from HEI. A Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) was conducted to identify profiles of researchers with similar values in four EO dimensions. Findings The study allowed the authors to identify five profiles of researchers: downers, achievers, followers, defenders and rebels. Research limitations/implications The results can be an important starting point for other researchers and practitioners hoping to evaluate academics’ EO in a higher education sector. The taxonomy also allows wider predictions about the behaviour of the profile members of profiles and relates it with other variables such as performance. Further contributions may be added by extending the data gathering from different geographical areas and/or different academic contexts, such that future studies could apply other LPA techniques and compare the results. Originality/value Only few studies have focussed on individual EO of scientists/academics, considering different national and regional contexts. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first empirical study that develops a taxonomy of academics from HEI, based on their individual EO.

On the nomological net of (non-)workaholic subtypes

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 672-685
Author(s):  
Greta Ontrup ◽  
Justine Patrzek
Keyword(s):  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Model Based Clustering ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Purpose Research on workaholism distinguishes between enthusiastic and non-enthusiastic workaholics, a typology used in many studies. Yet, the methodical foundation on which the derivation of the types is based lacks robust statistical evidence. The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to replicate the often-cited typology of enthusiastic and non-enthusiastic workaholics (and non-workaholic subtypes), based on model-based clustering as a robust statistical technique; and second, to validate the class solution based on affective, cognitive and behavioral measures. Design/methodology/approach The study followed a cross-sectional design, targeting a sample of people from various fields of industries. An online questionnaire was distributed; workaholism was assessed with McMillan et al.’s (2002) Work-BAT-R scales. A total of 537 respondents’ data were analyzed. Findings Latent profile analysis extracted four classes, namely, enthusiastic and non-enthusiastic workaholics and relaxed and uninvolved non-workaholics. As expected, workers characterized by high enjoyment (enthusiasts and relaxed) showed higher job satisfaction and occupational self-efficacy than workers with low enjoyment (non-enthusiasts and uninvolved). Relaxed workers reported higher life satisfaction than all other classes. Originality/value The robust methodology applied establishes a good starting point for future studies investigating workers subtypes: the replication suggests that the workaholic subtypes might be core profiles that occur in different populations with regularity. As a next step, the replication of the typology based on alternative operationalizations of workaholism is proposed for future studies.

On the motivational nature of authentic leadership practices: a latent profile analysis based on self-determination theory

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Levesque-Côté ◽  
Claude Fernet ◽  
Alexandre J.S. Morin ◽  
Stéphanie Austin
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Authentic Leadership ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Motivation Profiles ◽  
Latent Profile

PurposeAlthough one of the central premises of authentic leadership theory is that authentic leaders mobilize their followers, the underlying motivational mechanisms of this process remain poorly understood. Drawing on self-determination theory, this study aims to fill that gap by examining authentic leadership practices (ALP) as theoretical antecedents of employees' motivation profiles.Design/methodology/approachLatent profile analyses conducted on a sample of 501 employees revealed four profiles: self-determined, unmotivated, highly motivated and moderately motivated.FindingsALP were associated with a higher likelihood of membership into the most adaptive motivation profiles. Employees in these profiles displayed more optimal job functioning: higher organizational commitment and performance, and lower intentions to leave their organization.Originality/valueThese findings underscore the predictive power of autonomous motivation for employee functioning and provide new insights into how ALP can improve work motivation, and hence job functioning. Our results account not only for how ALP affects the complete range of behavioral regulations at work but also the different patterns in which these regulations combine within employees.

Organizational opinion leader charisma, rolemodeling, and relationships

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Brown ◽  
Lisa Chen ◽  
Edward O’Donnell
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Support ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Opinion Leader ◽  
Role Modeling ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Opinion Leadership ◽  
Normative Commitment ◽  
Exchange Relationships ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Idealized Influence

Purpose This cross-disciplinary, empirical study aims to examine the phenomenon of organizational opinion leadership. Extant research concerning social capital and both referent and expert power suggests that informal opinion leaders within an organizational setting have the ability to influence their co-workers. This study focuses on the transformational leadership characteristics of idealized influence-attributed (charisma) and -behavior (role modeling). The social exchange aspects of the opinion leader–seeker relationship process are examined through an application of dyadic concepts found within leader–member exchange (LMX) theory. This study examines potential outcomes of opinion leader influence, specifically, opinion-seeker perceived organizational support (POS), affective commitment and normative commitment. Design/methodology/approach This study examines the dynamics of organizational opinion leader (OOL)–organizational opinion seeker (OOS) relationship to determine whether OOLs influence OOSs through role modeling and charisma, captured through the idealized influence aspect of transformational leadership. The OOL–OOS relationship is examined through the lens of LMX, commonly used to examine supervisor–subordinate exchange relationships. This study also examines whether OOLs’ idealized influence and OOL–OOS exchange relationships are related to OOSs’ perceived organizational support (POS) and both affective and normative commitment, and whether POS mediates their influence. Hypotheses are offered and survey data collected from a heterogeneous sample of 646 individuals is examined using structural equation modeling. Findings The results suggest that idealized influence consistently positively influences the outcomes. LMX-affect, -loyalty and -professional respect influence OOS perceptions of POS. Idealized influence and POS influence OOS affective and normative commitment. LMX-affect influences OOS affective and normative commitment, while LMX-loyalty influences normative commitment. LMX-professional respect slightly influenced OOS affective commitment negatively, suggesting that respect does not engender positive feelings and had no influence on normative commitment. Research limitations/implications This interdisciplinary study integrates concepts found within marketing, political science and organizational literature works to shed new light on the informal influence organizational members have on one another, which furthers our understanding of both shared leadership and opinion leadership. This research provides another frame for the concept of shared leadership, suggesting that OOL influence occurs horizontally and vertically within organizations. The overall findings suggest that both the characteristics of opinion leaders and the quality of OOL–OOS relationships matter. Practical implications This research highlights the importance of recognizing and enabling organizational members whose opinions are sought by their peers. Organizational opinion leadership exists within organization and influences organizational members’ attitudes and perceptions. Therefore, it is a necessity that organizations understand the phenomenon and guide it, much as organizational culture is guided, so that it produces positive organizational outcomes. Originality/value Very little research exists concerning organizational opinion leadership. This study breaks new ground by developing theory, applying accepted constructs to the phenomenon and empirically testing the impact of opinion leadership.

scholarly journals Highly engaged but burned out: intra-individual profiles in the US workforce

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Moeller ◽  
Zorana Ivcevic ◽  
Arielle E. White ◽  
Jochen I. Menges ◽  
Marc A. Brackett
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Configural Frequency Analysis ◽  
The Us ◽  
Processing Demands ◽  
Individual Profiles ◽  
High Engagement

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to use the job demands-resources model to investigate intra-individual engagement-burnout profiles, and demands-resources profiles. Design/methodology/approach A representative sample of the US workforce was surveyed online. Latent profile analysis (LPA) and configural frequency analysis examined intra-individual profiles and their inter-relations. Findings A negative inter-individual correlation between engagement and burnout suggested that burnout tends to be lower when engagement is high, but intra-individual analyses identified both aligned engagement-burnout profiles (high, moderate, and low on both variables), and discrepant profiles (high engagement – low burnout; high burnout – low engagement). High engagement and burnout co-occurred in 18.8 percent of workers. These workers reported strong mixed (positive and negative) emotions and intended to leave their organization. Another LPA identified three demands-resources profiles: low demands – low resources, but moderate self-efficacy, low workload and bureaucracy demands but moderate information processing demands – high resources, and high demands – high resources. Workers with high engagement – high burnout profiles often reported high demands – high resources profiles. In contrast, workers with high engagement – low burnout profiles often reported profiles of high resources, moderate information processing demands, and low other demands. Originality/value This study examined the intersection of intra-individual engagement-burnout profiles and demands-resources profiles. Previous studies examined only one of these sides or relied on inter-individual analyses. Interestingly, many employees appear to be optimally engaged while they are burned-out and considering to leave their jobs. Demands and resources facets were distinguished in the LPA, revealing that some demands were associated with resources and engagement.

scholarly journals Patterns of religiosity and spirituality of psychiatrists in Brazil and the implications for clinical practice: a latent profile analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Cecilia Menegatti-Chequini ◽  
Alexandre A. Loch ◽  
Frederico C. Leão ◽  
Mario F. P. Peres ◽  
Homero Vallada
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Academic Education ◽  
Religion And Spirituality ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Religiosity And Spirituality ◽  
Latent Profile

Abstract Background Although there is consensus, in psychiatry, over the inclusion of religious and spiritual aspects when evaluating and treating the patient, investigation of these dimensions is rare. There is evidence as to the relationship between psychiatrists’ religious/spiritual beliefs and their willingness to discuss a patient’s religion and spirituality (R/S). Due to the lack of information about how psychiatrists in Brazil deal with R/S in patient care, the aim of the present study is to analyze the religious/spiritual profile of these professionals and to ascertain its influence on attitudes and behavior in clinical practice. Methods Five hundred and ninety-two psychiatrists from Brazil answered a questionnaire about R/S in clinical practice. The latent profile analysis was used to search for differences of religious/spiritual profiles. The ANOVA and Pearson’s chi-square tests were employed to identify any correlation between clinical opinion and behaviors according to the different profiles. Results Two religious/spiritual profiles were identified (entropy value > 0,96): the so called “less religious” group (n = 245), comprised predominantly by men, professionally more experienced, with a higher level of academic education (Master or PhD degrees) and were the ones who least enquired about their patients’ R/S; and the “more religious” psychiatrists (n = 347) those who had higher consideration for R/S on health, and who more often addressed R/S with their patients and therefore usually ascribed importance to include R/S in their professional training. Conclusion The latent profile analysis produced two distinct classes between the Brazilian psychiatrists according to their R/S views: the more religious professionals, who investigate the patient’s R/S in a more detailed manner, and the less religious, who tend to disregard this aspect.

Identifying the optimal safety leader: a person-centered approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Willis ◽  
Sharon Clarke ◽  
Elinor O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Development ◽  
Leadership Practices ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Workplace Safety ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transactional Leader ◽  
Person Centered Approach ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe research aimed to uncover leader profiles based on combinations of transformational (TFL), transactional (TAL) and passive leadership (PAL) and to examine how such constellations affect safety. Leader adaptability was tested as an antecedent of leader profiles.Design/methodology/approachUsing latent profile analysis, the effect of different leader profiles on workplace safety was investigated in two survey studies.FindingsIn total, four leader profiles emerged: “active,” “stable-moderate,” “passive-avoidant” and “inconsistent” leader. A stable-moderate leader profile was identified as the optimal leader profile for safety performance. Leader adaptability was identified as a predictor of leader profile membership.Practical implicationsSafety leadership development should focus on training managers in optimal combinations of leadership practices.Originality/valueThe research calls into question the existence of a transformational or transactional leader. The findings suggest that higher frequency of leadership practices is not always more beneficial for workplace safety.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document