Orthopaedic triage: cost effectiveness, diagnostic/surgical and management rates

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damon Burn ◽  
Elaine Beeson
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Saving ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Patient Pathway ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Cost

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate cost effectiveness, diagnostic rates, surgical percentage and appropriateness for orthopaedic referrals and number of patients able to be seen in orthopaedic triage from GP orthopaedic referrals. Design/methodology/approach – The study involved triaging paper referrals for orthopaedic outpatients to an interface service, orthotics or continue normal route. Data were collected on outcome of the interface appointment and outcomes for those patients referred to orthopaedics from the appointment. Findings – The study demonstrated a 27.3 per cent cost saving from the normal orthopaedic route with 86.1 per cent of patients able to be managed by an extended scope physiotherapist (ESP) without requiring orthopaedic assessment. Appropriateness of onward orthopaedic referrals was 80.5 per cent with surgery conversion rate of 75 per cent. Originality/value – Although triage and ESP positions have been studied before, this is the first known study to look at cost effectiveness across the patient pathway despite this being a large reason for the creation of these positions. Further larger studies are required to build upon this base in terms of demonstrating the cost effectiveness of the value of these positions.

The cost-effectiveness of insulin analogs and regular insulin for diabetes control: a case study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4/5) ◽  
pp. 323-331
Author(s):  
Mohsen pakdaman ◽  
Raheleh akbari ◽  
Hamid reza Dehghan ◽  
Asra Asgharzadeh ◽  
Mahdieh Namayandeh
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Regular Insulin ◽  
Diabetes Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Insulin Analogs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost

PurposeFor years, traditional techniques have been used for diabetes treatment. There are two major types of insulin: insulin analogs and regular insulin. Insulin analogs are similar to regular insulin and lead to changes in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. The purpose of the present research was to determine the cost-effectiveness of insulin analogs versus regular insulin for diabetes control in Yazd Diabetes Center in 2017.Design/methodology/approachIn this descriptive–analytical research, the cost-effectiveness index was used to compare insulin analogs and regular insulin (pen/vial) for treatment of diabetes. Data were analyzed in the TreeAge Software and a decision tree was constructed. A 10% discount rate was used for ICER sensitivity analysis. Cost-effectiveness was examined from a provider's perspective.FindingsQALY was calculated to be 0.2 for diabetic patients using insulin analogs and 0.05 for those using regular insulin. The average cost was $3.228 for analog users and $1.826 for regular insulin users. An ICER of $0.093506/QALY was obtained. The present findings suggest that insulin analogs are more cost-effective than regular insulin.Originality/valueThis study was conducted using a cost-effectiveness analysis to evaluate insulin analogs versus regular insulin in controlling diabetes. The results of study are helpful to the government to allocate more resources to apply the cost-effective method of the treatment and to protect patients with diabetes from the high cost of treatment.

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of zoledronic acid compared with sequential denosumab/alendronate for older osteoporotic women in Japan

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahiro Mori ◽  
Carolyn J. Crandall ◽  
Tomoko Fujii ◽  
David A. Ganz
Keyword(s):  
Health Economic ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Zoledronic Acid ◽  
Cost Saving ◽  
Fragility Fracture ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Lifetime Horizon ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Summary Among hypothetical cohorts of older osteoporotic women without prior fragility fracture in Japan, we evaluated the cost-effectiveness of two treatment strategies using a simulation model. Annual intravenous zoledronic acid for 3 years was cost-saving compared with biannual subcutaneous denosumab for 3 years followed by weekly oral alendronate for 3 years. Purpose Osteoporosis constitutes a major medical and health economic burden to society worldwide. Injectable treatments for osteoporosis require less frequent administration than oral treatments and therefore have higher persistence and adherence with treatment, which could explain better efficacy for fracture prevention. Although annual intravenous zoledronic acid and biannual subcutaneous denosumab are available, it remains unclear which treatment strategy represents a better value from a health economic perspective. Accordingly, we examined the cost-effectiveness of zoledronic acid for 3 years compared with sequential denosumab/alendronate (i.e., denosumab for 3 years followed by oral weekly alendronate for 3 years, making the total treatment duration 6 years) among hypothetical cohorts of community-dwelling osteoporotic women without prior fragility fracture in Japan at ages 65, 70, 75, or 80 years. Methods Using a previously validated and updated Markov microsimulation model, we obtained incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (Japanese yen [¥] (or US dollars [$]) per quality-adjusted life-year [QALY]) from the public healthcare and long-term care payer’s perspective over a lifetime horizon with a willingness-to-pay of ¥5 million (or $47,500) per QALY. Results In the base case, zoledronic acid was cost-saving (i.e., more effective and less expensive) compared with sequential denosumab/alendronate. In deterministic sensitivity analyses, results were sensitive to changes in the efficacy of zoledronic acid or the cumulative persistence rate with zoledronic acid or denosumab. In probabilistic sensitivity analyses, the probabilities of zoledronic acid being cost-effective were 98–100%. Conclusions Among older osteoporotic women without prior fragility fracture in Japan, zoledronic acid was cost-saving compared with sequential denosumab/alendronate.

scholarly journals Designing for the satisfaction of high-level needs

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petter Stenmark ◽  
Johan Lilja
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Service Innovation ◽  
New Product ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Creation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Satisfaction Surveys

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to introduce a methodology that can support the process of understanding and designing for the satisfaction of high-level needs in practice. The satisfaction of high-level needs has seldom been in focus when it comes to customer satisfaction surveys or the process of new product or service development. However, needs do occur on various levels, and the satisfaction of high-level needs actually appears to have the greatest potential for the creation of loyalty among customers and customer satisfaction. The satisfaction of high-level needs has furthermore been pointed out as a strategy for the creation of attractive quality. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on literature studies and the application of the Ideation Need Mapping (INM) methodology in a specific case. Findings – The paper presents the INM methodology that could be used for guiding product and service innovation in practice. More specifically, the methodology supports the process of understanding and designing for the satisfaction of high-level needs. Originality/value – This paper aims to contribute to envisioning and demonstrating how the understanding of, and design for, satisfaction of high-level needs can be done in practice.

PLANNING OF LOGISTICS SUPPORT FOR THE DISPOSAL OF HOUSEHOLD E-WASTE

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (9) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
NGUYEN THI THU HUONG ◽  
◽  
O. N. LARIN ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Garbage Collection ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Waste Collection ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Cost

The article describes the factors associated with the planning of logistics support for the disposal of household electronic waste. Identifying these factors plays an important role in coordinating to ensure the cost-effectiveness of the costs of recycling e-waste at all stages of the supply chain from the source of waste to where it is accumulated and then recycled. The article describes the importance of such processes as: the development of a method for determining the volume of household electronic waste generated in the administrative-territorial district, the creation of a network of waste collection points, the determination of the amount and throughput of waste collection points, the need to organize garbage collection from the place of collection at the lowest cost. The study was conducted on the basis of an analysis of official statistics from the five most populous cities in Vietnam and thirty regions of Hanoi.

Autopilot design for an aircraft by using Luenberger observer design

2018 ◽  
Vol 90 (5) ◽  
pp. 858-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Taimoor ◽  
Li Aijun ◽  
Rooh ul Amin ◽  
Hongshi Lu
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Linear Quadratic Regulator ◽  
Observer Design ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Luenberger Observer ◽  
Level Flight ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
The Cost

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to design linear quadratic regulator (LQR) based Luenberger observer for the estimation of unknown states of aircraft. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the LQR-based Luenberger observer is deliberated for autonomous level flight of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) which has been attained productively. Various modes like phugoid and roll modes are exploited for controlling the rates of UAV. The Luenberger observer is exploited for estimation of the mysterious states of the system. The rates of roll, yaw and pitch are used as an input to the observer, while the remaining states such as velocities and angles have been anticipated. The main advantage of using Luenberger observer was to reduce the cost of the system which has been achieved lucratively. The Luenberger observer proposes sturdiness at the rate of completion to conquest over the turmoil and insecurities to overcome the privileged recital. The FlightGear simulator is exploited for the endorsement of the recital of the Luenberger observer-based autopilot. The level flight has been subjugated lucratively and has been legitimated by exploiting the FlightGear simulator. The authenticated and the validated results are offered in this paper. Microsoft Visual Studio has been engaged as a medium between the MATLAB and FlightGear Simulator. Findings The suggested observer based on LQR ensures the lucrative approximation of the unknown states of the system as well as the successful level flight of the system. The Luenberger observer is used for approximation of states while LQR is used as controller. Originality/value In this research work, not only the estimation of unknown states of both longitudinal and lateral model is made but also the level flight is achieved by using those estimated states and the autopilot is validated by using the FlightGear, while in most of the research work only the estimation is made of only longitudinal or lateral model.

Data mining in anti-money laundering field

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriaki Yasaka
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Important Task ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Suspicious Transaction ◽  
Mining Methods ◽  
The Creation

Purpose This report aims to focus on how suspicious transaction report is created with data mining methods and used from the point of view of knowledge management. Design/methodology/approach This paper considers data mining versus knowledge management in the anti-money laundering (AML) field. Findings In the AML field, the information and knowledge gained are not necessarily used for or shared with the related shareholders. Creating and co-evolving the network of “knowledge professionals” is the impending assignment in this industry. The first and most important task is knowledge management in the global AML field. Originality/value The report considers the creation with data mining methods and utilization from the point of view of knowledge management.

How can dynamic capabilities make sense in avoiding value co-creation traps?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinbo Sun ◽  
Qingqiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Technology Integration ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Archival Data ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Network Capability

PurposeThe existing research rarely explains the role of dynamic capabilities in the creation of value co-creation behaviors. The purpose of this paper is to explore how dynamic capabilities play a role in avoiding value co-creation traps and generating new value co-creation behaviors.Design/methodology/approachThis paper collects rich interview and archival data from two Chinese manufacturing companies to examine value co-creation in digital servitization by the case study.FindingsThe paper discovers the value co-creation traps that enterprises face in digital servitization and analyzes the important role of resource and technology integration capabilities in avoiding these traps. Also, the research explores how network capability affects the generation of new value co-creation behaviors.Originality/valueThis paper develops a framework for dynamic capabilities to avoid value co-creation traps and generate new value co-creation behaviors.

Factors explaining a cost-based pricing essence

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1850-1865
Author(s):  
Juliana Ventura Amaral ◽  
Reinaldo Guerreiro
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Pricing Strategy ◽  
Company Size ◽  
Price Setting ◽  
Marketing Theory ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industrial Companies ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
The Cost

Purpose Empirical studies have found that cost-based pricing remains dominant in pricing practice and suggest that practice conflicts with marketing theory, which recommends value-based prices. However, empirical studies have yet to examine whether cost-plus formulas represent the pricing approach or essence. Design/methodology/approach This study aims to address the factors that explain price setting whereby the cost-plus formula is not just the pricing approach but also the pricing essence. This examination is grounded in a survey conducted on 380 Brazilian industrial companies. Findings The results show that, for price-makers, the cost-based pricing essence is positively associated with four factors (two obstacles to deploying value-based pricing, company size and differentiation), but it is negatively related to one factor (premium pricing strategy). For price-takers, the cost-based pricing essence is positively associated with four factors (two obstacles to deploying value-based pricing, coercive isomorphism and use of full costs), but it is negatively related to five factors (one obstacle to deploying value-based pricing, company size, competitors’ ability to copy, normative isomorphism and experience). Originality/value The key contribution of this paper is demonstrating that cost-plus formulas do not go against the incorporation of competitors and value information. This study reveals that it is possible to set prices based on either value or competitors’ prices while simultaneously preserving the simplicity of the cost-plus formulas. Via the margin, firms may connect costs to information about competition and value. The authors also demonstrate the drawbacks of not segregating companies into price-makers and price-takers and an excessive focus on the pricing approach at the expense of pricing essence.

Relationship between patient costs and patient pathways

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 246-261
Author(s):  
Sara Dahlin ◽  
Hendry Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Partial Mastectomy ◽  
Common Belief ◽  
Patient Cost ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Patient Pathway ◽  
Patient Pathways ◽  
The Cost

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify actual (as-is) patient pathway variation among breast cancer patients and to investigate the relationship between pathways and the cost incurred by patients. Design/methodology/approach Both quantitative and qualitative methods were employed to analyze data from four Swedish hospital groups. Quantitative methods include event-log data mining and statistical analyses on the related patient cost from the Swedish breast cancer quality registry and case-costing system. Qualitative methods included collaboration with and interviewing domain experts. Findings Unique pathways, followed by only one patient, were generally costlier than the most and less frequent pathways. Earlier study findings are confirmed for mastectomy patients, with more frequent pathways having a lower cost, whereas contradicting and inconclusive results emerged for the partial mastectomy patient groups. Highest variation in pathways was identified for patients receiving chemotherapy. Practical implications The common belief – if one follows a standardized patient pathway, then the cost will be lower – should be re-examined based on the actual pathways that occur in reality. Originality/value The relationships between patient pathways and patient cost allow more complex insights, beyond the general causal relationship between successfully implementing a “to-be” care pathway and lower cost. This highlights data-driven research’s importance, where actual pathways (as-is) provide more useful information than to-be care pathways.

Stigmatized products: how conflicting laws can influence decisions to proceed

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Stephanie Geiger-Oneto ◽  
Betsy D. Gelb ◽  
Travis Simkins
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
State Legislatures ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Single Use ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Different Levels

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to offers the authors’ perspective on a problem rarely considered by those making strategic decisions: conflicting laws at different levels of jurisdiction, specifically those related to stigmatized products. Design/methodology/approach The authors use as examples of product categories from marijuana to single-use plastic bags, describing the conflicting laws that add to costs for marketers and consumers. Findings The authors find that conflicting laws add to the uncertainty, legal expenses, and therefore, the cost of marketing a stigmatized product, whether stigmatized because of its impact on the environment, on health or on moral grounds. Research limitations/implications The examples are not exhaustive, but their implications are significant: that as state legislatures are preempting local bans, Congress may preempt state laws. Originality/value This paper adds one more complexity to decision-making in the area of products to offer and/or merger/acquisition decisions that may bring company products that face conflicting laws.

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