Joint analysis of simultaneous EEG and eye tracking data for video images

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1870-1884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Szajerman ◽  
Piotr Napieralski ◽  
Jean-Philippe Lecointe
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Joint Analysis ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Video Images ◽  
Simultaneous Use ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Technological innovation has made it possible to review how a film cues particular reactions on the part of the viewers. The purpose of this paper is to capture and interpret visual perception and attention by the simultaneous use of eye tracking and electroencephalography (EEG) technologies. Design/methodology/approach The authors have developed a method for joint analysis of EEG and eye tracking. To achieve this goal, an algorithm was implemented to capture and interpret visual perception and attention by the simultaneous use of eye tracking and EEG technologies. All parameters have been measured as a function of the relationship between the tested signals, which, in turn, allowed for a more accurate validation of hypotheses by appropriately selected calculations. Findings The results of this study revealed a coherence between EEG and eye tracking that are of particular relevance for human perception. Practical implications This paper endeavors both to capture and interpret visual perception and attention by the simultaneous use of eye tracking and EEG technologies. Eye tracking provides a powerful real-time measure of viewer region of interest. EEG technologies provides data regarding the viewer’s emotional states while watching the movie. Originality/value The approach in this paper is distinct from similar studies because it takes into account the integration of the eye tracking and EEG technologies. This paper provides a method for determining a fully functional video introspection system.

An eye tracking study of minimally branded products: hedonism and branding as predictors of purchase intentions

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Mundel ◽  
Patricia Huddleston ◽  
Bridget Behe ◽  
Lynnell Sage ◽  
Caroline Latona
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Product Category ◽  
Purchase Intentions ◽  
Product Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Attentional Processes ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Total Fixation ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This study aims to test the relationship between consumers’ perceptions of product type (utilitarian vs hedonic) and the attentional processes that underlie decision-making among minimally branded products. Design/methodology/approach This study uses eye-tracking measures (i.e. total fixation duration) and data collected through an online survey. Findings The study shows that consumers spend more time looking at hedonic (vs utilitarian) and branded (vs unbranded) products, which influences perceptions of quality. Practical implications The findings of this research provide guidelines for marketing minimally branded products. Originality/value The authors showed that the product type influences the time consumers spend looking at an item. Previous findings about effects of branding are extended to an understudied product category (i.e. live potted plants).

The impact of entertainment and social interaction with salespeople on mall shopper satisfaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maher Georges Elmashhara ◽  
Ana Maria Soares
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Shopping Experience ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the role played by emotional states in the relationship between entertainment and social interaction with salespeople and shopper satisfaction. Design/methodology/approach The proposed model was tested using a survey-based study, with a sample size of 318 mall shoppers. Findings The results indicate that pleasure and dominance are mediators in the relationship between entertainment and social interaction with salespeople and mall shopper satisfaction. Moreover, regarding the direct relations, entertainment directly influences satisfaction, while social interaction does not. Practical implications The results have practical implications for mall managers and mall developers. Specifically, entertainment can be used to attract shoppers and to enhance their satisfaction with the overall shopping experience. Practical suggestions to this end are offered. Originality/value This study’s contribution is twofold: first, this study adds to research by addressing the gap in research regarding shopper emotional states. Specifically, it addresses the mediating role played by emotional states of shoppers on the impact of entertainment and social interaction in satisfaction. Second, the study concentrates on the role of salespeople by focusing on the social aspects of the interaction.

The effect of human model image backgrounds on consumer responses: empirical evidence from a Chinese apparel e-retailer

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruijuan Wu ◽  
Yan Li
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consumer Responses ◽  
Model Image ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe objective of this study was to examine the effects of human model backgrounds (concrete backgrounds vs. solid backgrounds) on consumer responses (attention and attitude) and to determine the mechanism and boundary conditions behind such effects.Design/methodology/approachThe research consisted of one eye-tracking experiment and two experimental studies.FindingsThe results showed that consumers notice faster and pay more attention to the central figure against solid backgrounds. However, concrete backgrounds elicit more favorable attitudes toward products, and mental imagery mediates the effects of image backgrounds on consumers' attitudes. The authors also found that the situation moderates the relationship between image background and attitude.Originality/valueThe study also supplements the literature on the effects of image backgrounds on consumer responses and the literature on online presentation using human models. Last, the study combines questionnaires with an eye-tracking experiment to obtain a clearer and more comprehensive understanding of the results.

Online advertorial attributions on consumer responses: materialism as a moderator

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 697-717
Author(s):  
Hsin Hsin Chang ◽  
Kit Hong Wong ◽  
Tsun Wei Chu
Keyword(s):  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Product Information ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Online Environment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consumer Responses ◽  
Emotional Model ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Based on the Mehrabian–Russell theory, the purpose of this paper is to view the attributes of advertorial information as a stimulus in an online environment to examine the emotional states of consumers and their sequential behavioral responses. Moreover, materialism is proposed as a moderator in the relationship between advertorial attributions and emotion. Design/methodology/approach By adopting a quantitative approach, 421 consumers with browsing forums or blog experience participated in the study. SEM techniques were adopted for the formal data analysis. Findings There was a causation found among control, arousal and pleasure. Advertorial attributes influenced the consumers’ emotional states via control, and emotional states directly affected the information acceptance and purchase intention. Materialism partially moderated the relationship between the advertorial information attributions and emotional states. Practical implications Advertorial editors should provide detailed product information with credible sources in a positive manner and should attach videos or interesting pictures to avoid boredom and attract reader attention, especially in the case of materialists. In addition, editors should also provide some related hyperlinks for consumers to stimulate their further reading and then should observe the number of clicks and shares to estimate the popularity of the advertorial, so adjustments can be made if necessary. Originality/value This paper confirmed the causation of pleasure, arousal and the validity of the dominance (PAD) emotional model and found a partially moderating effect of materialism on the relationship between the attributes of advertorials and the emotional states of consumers.

Accentuating the positive

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 954-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Edgar ◽  
Alan Geare ◽  
Jing A. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Service Industries ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Psychological States ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The positive psychology movement suggests organisational behaviourists should accentuate the positive by increasing the attention paid to the enhancement of employee wellness. This fits comfortably with the ethos of human resource management which is rooted in notions of social exchange, reciprocity and mutual gain. The purpose of this paper is to inject some positivity into HRM research by examining the mediating role of positive emotions in the HRM–performance relationship. Design/methodology/approach To examine the role played by positive emotions in the relationship between HRM and citizenship behaviours, the authors surveyed a sample of 250 employees from 14 organisations in New Zealand service industries. Sobel and bootstrapping tests were used to examine the mediation model. Findings Results show positive emotional states, both personal and job-related, to positively and partially mediate the HRM–contextual performance relationship. Research limitations/implications Theoretically, this finding opens up HRM’s black box affording support for the inclusion of a wider range of psychological states than those presently studied. Practical implications Support is provided for HRM approaches which are more progressive than remedial in nature. Originality/value Emotions are malleable and this study suggests that fostering positive emotional states might hold the key to performance, unlocking desirable employee behaviours.

Sexual appeal in print media advertising: effects on brand recall and fixation time

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Tomaselli Fidelis ◽  
Jorge Henrique Caldeira Oliveira ◽  
Janaina de Moura Engracia Giraldi ◽  
Renê Oliveira Joaquim Santos
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Fixation Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Print Advertisements ◽  
Brand Recall ◽  
Product Categories ◽  
Sexual Appeal ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Textile And Apparel Industry

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of sexual appeal in print media on consumers’ brand recall. More specifically, the differences between the fixation time on the “image” and “logo” elements in advertisements, with and without sexual appeal, were verified. Design/methodology/approach The correct research is experimental in nature, and divided into three stages: choosing the print advertisements to be viewed by the participants with eye tracking, capturing participants’ eye movements using a special eye tracking equipment and completing the questionnaire for calculating the number of brands recalled by the participants. Findings The authors have identified that there are no statistically relevant differences between the number of brands recalled, whether the advertisement does or does not have any sexual appeal. Practical implications The use of sexual appeal in advertisements on print media must be made with caution, and several implications for the textile and apparel industry are expressed in the conclusions. Originality/value The study’s relevance is threefold: the authors present more recent results about the relationship between sexual appeal and brand recall, as the most recent research study of a similar type was published in the late 1990s; they adopt key concepts from the neuromarketing field in an attempt to connect memory with the capacity of different components of the advertisements, to attract the visual attention of consumers; and they present results for three different product categories (alcohol, apparel and perfume).

scholarly journals New Lens to Reveal the Street Interface. A Morphological-Visual Perception Methodological Contribution for Decoding the Public/Private Edge of Arterial Streets

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11442
Author(s):  
Nawaf Saeed Al Mushayt ◽  
Francesca Dal Cin ◽  
Sérgio Barreiros Proença
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Physical Entity ◽  
Floor Level ◽  
Arterial Streets ◽  
The Public ◽  
Topological Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mobile Eye Tracking

Streets have different forms that are not defined only by their partitions, furniture, and width, but also by their edges as vital features of their spatiality. The relationship between a street and a building impacts the street interface configurations, resulting in various topological characteristics. Thus, the street interface is a physical entity that is produced by the interrelationship between urban morphological elements (street and building), and the way it is formed and used affects the livability of the street. The methods used in the current study contribute to an empirical urban morphological–visual cognitive investigation of arterial street interface configurations, particularly on the ground floor level, to assess potential relations between variations in the physical configurations that influence pedestrian visual perception using mobile eye-tracking glasses. In conclusion, this study contributes to research into developing a spatial framework for arterial street liveability, addressing the pilot case study of Avenida da República in Lisbon.

scholarly journals Alcohol dependence and the psychological factors leading to a relapse: a hospital-based study in Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhat Van Trieu ◽  
Penpaktr Uthis ◽  
Sunisa Suktrakul
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Relapse Prevention ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Outcome Expectancies ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Motivation To Change ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alcohol Relapse ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeTo study the situation of alcohol relapse and to investigate the relationship between psychological factors and alcohol relapse in persons with alcohol dependence in Thai Nguyen hospitals, Vietnam.Design/methodology/approachA correlation study was conducted among 110 patients. Data were collected through structured interviews and were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation coefficient (rs).FindingsMore than two-thirds of the participants were found to relapse more than once (X¯ = 2.04, SD = 0.86). Positive outcome expectancies, cravings, negative emotional states, and maladaptive coping were positively associated with relapse (rs = 0.550, 0.522, 0.497; p = 0.000 and rs = 0.217, p < 0.05, respectively). While, motivation to change with three subscales had a negative correlation to relapse including recognition (rs = −0.199, p < 0.05), ambivalence (rs = −0.331, p = 0.000), and taking steps (rs = −0.606, p = 0.000). Adaptive coping, self-efficacy, and social support were also found to be negatively correlated to relapse (rs = −0.535, −0.499, −0.338; p = 0.000, respectively). However, negative outcome expectancies (rs = −0.024, p = 0.805) and positive emotional states (rs = 0.081, p = 0.399) were not significantly related to relapse.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study are significant implications for relapse prevention strategies. It suggests that the essential parts of relapse prevention are through: changing alcohol expectations, increase drinking refusal self-efficacy, coping skills training, enhancing motivation to change, managing alcohol craving and expanding social support.Originality/valueThis is the first study in Vietnam which investigated the relationship between psychological factors and alcohol relapse in individuals with alcohol dependence.

The impact of surveillance and procedurally just behavior on civilian affect and responses in hypothetical interactions with police officers

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1107-1123
Author(s):  
Sean Patrick Roche
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Police Interactions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of surveillance from civilian smartphones and police body-worn cameras (BWCs), procedurally just tactics, and legal culpability on individuals’ emotional reactions and willingness to comply during police interactions. Design/methodology/approach Data are used from two randomized factorial survey vignette experiments conducted with a national sample of Americans (n=962). Findings The presence of BWCs reduces reported fear in both vignettes, and also reduces reported anger in one vignette. In contrast, the presence of a smartphone is not significantly related to anger or fear. In both vignettes, non-procedurally just treatment increases reported fear and anger, and decreases intent to comply, with reported anger mediating the relationship between non-procedurally just treatment and compliance. Originality/value These findings suggest different forms of surveillance may have distinct effects on citizens’ reported emotional states and behavioral intentions. Further, the results corroborate research on the relationship between procedural justice and affect, and provide evidence procedurally just strategies may decrease crime directly by preemptively dampening non-compliance.

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