A user-friendly method for constructing realistic dental model based on two-dimensional/three-dimensional registration

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongzhen Ke ◽  
Wenjie Zhao ◽  
Shuai Yang ◽  
Kai Wang ◽  
Jiaying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Texture Mapping ◽  
Design System ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
3D Registration ◽  
3D Scanner ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Single Lens ◽  
Dental Model ◽  
User Friendly

Purpose This paper aims to obtain a texture dental model with real images and improve the rendering effect of the dental model. Design/methodology/approach The paper proposes a semiautomatic method to construct a realistic dental model with real images based on two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) registration. First, a 3D digital dental model and three intraoral images are obtained by a 3D scanner and digital single-lens reflex camera. Second, the camera projection poses for every intraoral images are calculated by using the single-objective optimization algorithm. Third, with camera poses, the preliminary projection texture mapping is performed; besides, the seam between two textures is marked. Finally, the marked regions are fused based on the image pyramid to eliminate obvious seams. Findings The paper provides a method to construct a realistic dental model. The method can map three intraoral images to the dental model. The experimental results show that the textured dental model without obvious distortion, dislocation and seams is constructed with simple interactions. Originality/value The proposed method can be applied to the digital smile design system to improve the communication efficiency between doctors, patients and technicians.

A three-dimensional dental model restoration method based on tooth feature contours

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuai Yang ◽  
Wenjie Zhao ◽  
Yongzhen Ke ◽  
Jiaying Liu ◽  
Yongjiang Xue
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Active Part ◽  
Design System ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Doctor Patient Communication ◽  
Mesh Model ◽  
Dental Model

Purpose Due to the inability to directly apply an intra-oral image with esthetic restoration to restore tooth shape in the computer-aided design system, this paper aims to propose a method that can use two-dimensional contours obtained from the image for the three-dimensional dental mesh model restoration. Design/methodology/approach First, intra-oral image and smiling image are taken from the patient, then teeth shapes of the images are designed based on esthetic restoration concepts and the pixel coordinates of the teeth’s contours are converted into the vertex coordinates in the three-dimensional space. Second, the dental mesh model is divided into three parts – active part, passive part and fixed part – based on the teeth’s contours of the mesh model. Third, the vertices from the teeth’s contours of the dental model are matched with ones from the intra-oral image and with the help of matching operation, the target coordinates of each vertex in the active part can be calculated. Finally, the Laplacian-based deformation algorithm and mesh smoothing algorithm are performed. Findings Benefitting from the proposed method, the dental mesh model with esthetic restoration can be quickly obtained based on the intra-oral image that is the result of doctor-patient communication. Experimental results show that the quality of restoration meets clinical needs, and the typical time cost of the method is approximately one second. So the method is both time-saving and user-friendly. Originality/value The method provides the possibility to design personalized dental esthetic restoration solutions rapidly.

Service quality function deployment by the C-shaped QFD 3D matrix

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 3386-3405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Hassani ◽  
Arash Shahin ◽  
Manouchehr Kheradmandnia
Keyword(s):  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Customer Requirements ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Process Characteristics ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
3D Matrix ◽  
Simultaneous Comparison

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the application of C-shaped QFD 3D Matrix in comparing process characteristics (PC), performance aspects (PA) and customer requirements, simultaneously and to prioritize the first two sets, respectively. Design/methodology/approach A three dimensional matrix has been developed with three sets of PC, PA and customers’ requirements and C-shaped matrix has been applied for simultaneous comparison of the dimensions and prioritization of the subsets of PC and PA. The proposed approach has been examined in a post bank. Findings Findings confirm the possibility of simultaneous comparison and prioritization of the three sets of dimensions of this study in post bank services. In addition, “growth and learning” and “bilateral relationship with suppliers” had the first priorities among PA and PC, respectively. Research limitations/implications While the proposed approach has many advantages, filling the matrixes is time-consuming. Since illustrating the 3D matrix was not possible, the matrix was separated into five two-dimensional matrixes. Originality/value Compared to the studied literature, the proposed approach is practically new in the post bank services.

A web-based 3D virtual display framework for warp-knitted seamless garment design

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-346
Author(s):  
Zhijia Dong ◽  
Gaoming Jiang ◽  
Guoming Huang ◽  
Honglian Cong
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Modeling ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Texture Mapping ◽  
Design System ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Virtual Display ◽  
Garment Design ◽  
The Web

Purpose The virtual display of 3D garment is one of the most important features in a computer-aided garment design system. The purpose of this paper is to present a novel web-based 3D virtual display framework for the online design of warp-knitted seamless garment using the latest WebGL and HTML5 technologies. Design/methodology/approach Based on the feature-based parametric 3D human body model, the 3D model of skin-tight warp-knitted seamless garment is established using the geometric modeling method. By applying plane parameterization technology, the 3D garment model is then projected into corresponding 2D prototype pattern and a texture-mapping relationship is obtained. Finally, an online 3D virtual display application framework for warp-knitted seamless garment is implemented on modern WebGL-enabled web browsers using the latest WebGL and HTML5 technologies, which allow garment designers to globally access without installing any additional software or plugin. Findings Based on the 2D/3D model of warp-knitted seamless garment, an online 3D virtual display application running on modern WebGL-enabled web browser is implemented using the latest Javascript, WebGL and HTML5 technologies, which is proven to be an effective way for building the web-based 3D garment CAD systems. Originality/value This paper provides a parametric design method for warp-knitted seamless garment 2D/3D model, and web-based online virtual display of 3D warp-knitted seamless garment is implemented for the first time, which establishes the foundation for the web-based online computer-aided warp-knitted seamless garment design system.

scholarly journals Parallel computations in nonlinear solid mechanics using adaptive finite element and meshless methods

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 1161-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahur Ullah ◽  
Will Coombs ◽  
C Augarde
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Parallel Algorithms ◽  
Meshless Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Meshless Methods ◽  
Basis Functions ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Linear Elastic ◽  
Geometrical Nonlinearities

Purpose – A variety of meshless methods have been developed in the last 20 years with an intention to solve practical engineering problems, but are limited to small academic problems due to associated high computational cost as compared to the standard finite element methods (FEM). The purpose of this paper is to develop an efficient and accurate algorithms based on meshless methods for the solution of problems involving both material and geometrical nonlinearities. Design/methodology/approach – A parallel two-dimensional linear elastic computer code is presented for a maximum entropy basis functions based meshless method. The two-dimensional algorithm is subsequently extended to three-dimensional adaptive nonlinear and three-dimensional parallel nonlinear adaptively coupled finite element, meshless method cases. The Prandtl-Reuss constitutive model is used to model elasto-plasticity and total Lagrangian formulations are used to model finite deformation. Furthermore, Zienkiewicz and Zhu and Chung and Belytschko error estimation procedure are used in the FE and meshless regions of the problem domain, respectively. The message passing interface library and open-source software packages, METIS and MUltifrontal Massively Parallel Solver are used for the high performance computation. Findings – Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the correct implementation and performance of the parallel algorithms. The agreement between the numerical and analytical results in the case of linear elastic example is excellent. For the nonlinear problems load-displacement curve are compared with the reference FEM and found in a very good agreement. As compared to the FEM, no volumetric locking was observed in the case of meshless method. Furthermore, it is shown that increasing the number of processors up to a given number improve the performance of parallel algorithms in term of simulation time, speedup and efficiency. Originality/value – Problems involving both material and geometrical nonlinearities are of practical importance in many engineering applications, e.g. geomechanics, metal forming and biomechanics. A family of parallel algorithms has been developed in this paper for these problems using adaptively coupled finite element, meshless method (based on maximum entropy basis functions) for distributed memory computer architectures.

scholarly journals Accuracy of chair-side fused-deposition modelling for dental applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-863
Author(s):  
Fusong Yuan ◽  
Yao Sun ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Yuchun Sun
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Dental Model ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Dental Applications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish a chair-side design and production method for a tooth-supported fixed implant guide and to evaluate its accuracy. Design/methodology/approach Three-dimensional (3D) data of the alveolar ridge, adjacent teeth and antagonistic teeth were acquired from models of the edentulous area of 30 patients. The implant guides were then constructed using self-developed computer-aided design software and chair-side fused deposition modelling 3D-printing and positioned on a dental model. A model scanner was used to acquire 3D data of the positioned implant guides, and the overall error was then evaluated. Findings The overall error was 0.599 ± 0.146 mm (n = 30). One-way ANOVA revealed no statistical differences among the 30 implant guides. The gap between the occlusal surface of the teeth covering and the tissue surface of the implant guide was measured. The maximum gap after positioning of the implant guide was 0.341 mm (mean, 0.179 ± 0.019 mm). The implanted axes of the printed implant guide and designed guide were compared in terms of overall, lateral and angular error, which were 0.104 ± 0.004 mm, 0.097 ± 0.003 mm, and 2.053° ± 0.017°, respectively. Originality/value The results of this study demonstrated that the accuracy of a new chair-side tooth-supported fixed implant guide can satisfy clinical requirements.

Development of bulletproof pad design system using 3D body scan data

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 802-812
Author(s):  
Yeong Hoon Kang ◽  
Sungmin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Design System ◽  
Standard Normal Distribution ◽  
Shape Modification ◽  
Body Scan ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Standard Normal ◽  
Scan Data ◽  
Definition Of

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a system to design a bulletproof pad for chest protection using three-dimensional body scan data. Design/methodology/approach Body data were divided into arbitrary number of groups based on the standard normal distribution theory, considering the width and height of the upper body. Several parameters were used to define the cover area of the bulletproof pad, and the shape of this area of each model in a group was averaged to generate the standard bulletproof pad model for that group. Findings It is possible to use three-dimensional body scan data in the design process of a mass-customized bulletproof pad for chest protection. Practical implications It is expected that it would be possible to design not only bulletproof pad but also many kinds of body-related products that need to reflect the shape of body using the methodology developed in this study. Social implications Using this system, the mass customization of special garments and equipment would be possible, which will improve the wearers’ comfort and work efficiency. Originality/value Three-dimensional body measurement, parametric definition of cover area and user interface for shape modification developed in this study will facilitate the consumer-oriented product design.

Design of Longitudinal Beam Layout on a Curved Shell Based on the Production-Oriented Design Concept

1994 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 217-222
Author(s):  
Kohji Honda ◽  
Noriyuki Tabushi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Design System ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
System A ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design

A VLCC (very large crude oil carrier) has approximately 1000 curved longitudinal beams, many of which have three-dimensional complicated curvatures. Due to the shortage of highly skilled workers and the need to keep costs down, production and structural designers have worked to reduce the number of such beams. In order to meet the requirements of production, the authors' company has attempted several design approaches for the longitudinal beam layout to reduce the number of beams that have complicated curvature. Recently, through the application of a computer-aided design system, which has been improved for shipbuilding based on the Calma's system, a new design method for the longitudinal beam layout has been successfully developed. A significant number of beams with a twisted configuration have been eliminated and replaced with beams of simpler, two-dimensional shapes. This paper shows the transition of these design approaches, and the application of the new design to building a VLCC.

scholarly journals 2D electrostatic modeling of twisted pairs

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaoutar Hazim ◽  
Guillaume Parent ◽  
Stéphane Duchesne ◽  
Andrè Nicolet ◽  
Christophe Geuzaine
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Electrical Machines ◽  
Computational Time ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Weak Formulation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Twisted Pair ◽  
Electrostatic Modeling

Purpose This paper aims to model a three-dimensional twisted geometry of a twisted pair studied in an electrostatic approximation using only two-dimensional (2D) finite elements. Design/methodology/approach The proposed method is based on the reformulation of the weak formulation of the electrostatics problem to deal with twisted geometries only in 2D. Findings The method is based on a change of coordinates and enables a faster computational time as well as a high accuracy. Originality/value The effectiveness of the adopted approach is demonstrated by studying different configurations related to the IEC 60851-5 standard defined for the measurement of the electrical properties of the insulation of the winding wires used in electrical machines.

Imaging of strain and lattice orientation by quick scanning X-ray microscopy combined with three-dimensional reciprocal space mapping

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 762-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilbert André Chahine ◽  
Marie-Ingrid Richard ◽  
Roberto Arturo Homs-Regojo ◽  
Thu Nhi Tran-Caliste ◽  
Dina Carbone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Continuous Mapping ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Reciprocal Space ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Reciprocal Space Mapping ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
User Friendly

Numerous imaging methods have been developed over recent years in order to study materials at the nanoscale. Within this context, scanning X-ray diffraction microscopy has become a routine technique, giving access to structural properties with sub-micrometre resolution. This article presents an optimized technique and an associated software package which have been implemented at the ID01 beamline (ESRF, Grenoble). A structural scanning probe microscope with intriguing imaging qualities is obtained. The technique consists in a two-dimensional quick continuous mapping with sub-micrometre resolution of a sample at a given reciprocal space position. These real space maps are made by continuously moving the sample while recording scattering images with a fast two-dimensional detector for every point along a rocking curve. Five-dimensional data sets are then produced, consisting of millions of detector images. The images are processed by the user-friendly X-ray strain orientation calculation software (XSOCS), which has been developed at ID01 for automatic analysis. It separates tilt and strain and generates two-dimensional maps of these parameters. At spatial resolutions of typically 200–800 nm, this quick imaging technique achieves strain sensitivity below Δa/a= 10−5and a resolution of tilt variations down to 10−3° over a field of view of 100 × 100 µm.

Three-dimensional garment pattern design using progressive mesh cutting algorithm

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeonghoon Kang ◽  
Sungmin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Design Process ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Projection Algorithm ◽  
Design System ◽  
Pattern Design ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Progressive Mesh ◽  
Mesh Model ◽  
Cutting Algorithm ◽  
Time Required

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop the core module of computer-aided three-dimensional garment pattern design system. Design/methodology/approach A progressive mesh cutting algorithm and mesh reshaping algorithm have been developed to cut a single mesh into multiple patches. A flat projection algorithm has been developed to project 3D patches into 2D patterns. Findings The software developed in this study is expected to enable its users to design complex garment patterns without the in-depth knowledge of pattern design process. Research limitations/implications The mesh model used in this study was a fixed model. It will be extended to a deformable garment model that can be resized according to the underlying body model Practical implications The software developed in this study is expected to reduce the time required for time-consuming and trial-and-error-based pattern design process. Social implications Fashion designers will be able to design complex patterns by themselves and the dependence upon expert patterners could be reduced Originality/value The progressive mesh cutting algorithm developed in this study can cut a mesh model using arbitrary lines. The mesh reshaping algorithm can improve the mesh quality of divided patches to increase the numerical stability during subsequent pattern flattening process. The flip removal algorithm can effectively remove the partially flipped mesh elements.

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