scholarly journals PPP projects: improvements in stakeholder management

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 544-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chika Amadi ◽  
Pat Carrillo ◽  
Martin Tuuli
Keyword(s):  
Stakeholder Management ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Dynamic Identification ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Stakeholder Identification ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
External Stakeholders ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Purpose The implementation of public–private partnerships (PPPs), particularly in low- and middle-income countries, has been hampered by external stakeholders’ opposition leading to the failure of several projects. The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework to improve external stakeholder management in PPP projects. Design/methodology/approach Two case studies consisting of 23 interviews with a wide range of internal and external stakeholders were employed. This was supplemented with a focus group approach to validate the framework. Findings A new framework for the management of external stakeholders is developed. It encompasses new features such as the dynamic identification of stakeholders at each project phase and their corresponding interests. Research limitations/implications The scope is road transportation projects in Nigeria and thus the recommendations may not be globally applicable. Practical implications The findings can help the public sector and their agencies to manage external stakeholders and maintain successful relationships on PPP projects. Originality/value The paper contributes to existing knowledge in four key areas: it confirms that the skill and actions of internal stakeholders are vital to the stakeholder management process; it shows that one-off stakeholder identification proposed in literature is a flawed approach; it proposes that the identification of external stakeholders’ interests be dynamic; and it adds the perspective of low- and middle-income countries in stakeholder management in PPP projects.

scholarly journals Achieving Viral Suppression in 90% of People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus on Antiretroviral Therapy in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 1487-1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean B Nachega ◽  
Nadia A Sam-Agudu ◽  
Lynne M Mofenson ◽  
Mauro Schechter ◽  
John W Mellors
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Suppression ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Although significant progress has been made, the latest data from low- and middle-income countries show substantial gaps in reaching the third “90%” (viral suppression) of the UNAIDS 90-90-90 goals, especially among vulnerable and key populations. This article discusses critical gaps and promising, evidence-based solutions. There is no simple and/or single approach to achieve the last 90%. This will require multifaceted, scalable strategies that engage people living with human immunodeficiency virus, motivate long-term treatment adherence, and are community-entrenched and ‑supported, cost-effective, and tailored to a wide range of global communities.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of workplace health promotion in low- and middle-income countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 1220-1229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cong Tuan Pham ◽  
Dung Phung ◽  
Thi Vinh Nguyen ◽  
Cordia Chu
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Workplace Health Promotion ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Workplace Health ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Although many literature reviews synthesize literature regarding workplace health promotion (WHP) interventions, systematic reviews on the effectiveness of and factors influencing the operation of WHP activities in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) are scarce. Therefore, we systematically reviewed evaluation studies to examine the effectiveness and factors related to the implementation of WHP programmes in LMIC. Twenty-six peer-reviewed and grey evaluation studies, published before November 2017, were included from electronic databases (PubMed, The Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, EMBASE and Web of Science) and manual searching. The results revealed that WHP intervention in LMIC was effective in reducing health risks in a wide range of industries and settings, including in resource-poor contexts such as small enterprises and the manufacturing industry. The main factors positively influencing the effectiveness of the intervention are long intervention time period, and needs-based and active intervention strategies. In addition, commitment from workplace leaders, the involvement of workers and support from authorities and professionals are factors contributing to a successful WHP programme. However, the evidence regarding the effectiveness of WHP in LMIC regarding the health outcomes and business productivity is inconclusive due to the several remaining methodological limitations. Future developments of more rigorous methods of evaluating the effectiveness of WHP activities should be addressed to produce higher-quality evidence that would inform future practice.

Vaccine nationalism could prolong pandemic

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Income ◽  
Exit Strategy ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Significance Klugge is likely aiming to be optimistic. An effective COVID-19 vaccine is considered to be the only economically and humanely acceptable exit strategy for this pandemic. However, never before has a vaccine been developed, manufactured and distributed in the timescale now required. Impacts High-income countries will initially monopolise access to a vaccine. The country in which the vaccine is developed will be the very first to use it. Low- and middle-income countries covered by GAVI will gain some access to a vaccine, but it will not be comprehensive. Middle-income countries outside GAVI will likely be the last to get access.

scholarly journals Inequalities in Antenatal Care Coverage and Quality: an Analysis From 63 Low and Middle-income Countries Using the ANCq Content-qualified Coverage Indicator

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Arroyave ◽  
Ghada E Saad ◽  
Cesar G Victora ◽  
Aluisio J D Barros
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is an essential intervention associated with a reduction of maternal and new-born morbidity and mortality. However, evidence suggested substantial inequalities in maternal and child health, mainly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We aimed to conduct a global analysis of socioeconomic inequalities in ANC using national surveys from LMICs.Methods: ANC was measured using the ANCq, a novel content-qualified ANC coverage indicator, created and validated using national surveys, based upon contact with the health services and content of care received. We performed stratified analysis to explore the socioeconomic inequalities in ANCq. We also estimated the slope index of inequality, which measures the difference in coverage along the wealth spectrum. Results: We analyzed 63 national surveys carried out from 2010 to 2017. There were large inequalities between and within countries. Higher ANCq scores were observed among women living in urban areas, with secondary or more level of education, belonging to wealthier families and with higher empowerment in nearly all countries. Countries with higher ANCq mean presented lower inequalities; while countries with average ANCq scores presented wide range of inequality, with some managing to achieve very low inequality.Conclusions: Despite all efforts in ANC programs, important inequalities in coverage and quality of ANC services persist. If maternal and child mortality Sustainable Development Goals are to be achieved, those gaps we documented must be bridged.

Collaborating with low- and middle-income countries: Experience from two of the United Kingdom’s comprehensive cancer centers.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e23014-e23014
Author(s):  
Emma Foreman ◽  
Isla Leslie ◽  
Hannah Lyons ◽  
Katherine Piddock ◽  
Anguraj Sadanandam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Health ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Education And Training ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Research Education ◽  
Care Research ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Training ◽  
Low And Middle Income

e23014 Background: The number of annual global cancer deaths is rising and the majority of this burden, for a multitude of reasons, falls in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs). With the United Nations’ 3rd and 17th Sustainable Development Goals in mind (which include by 2030 “reduce by one third premature mortality from non-communicable diseases” and “partnership for the goals”) a survey was undertaken at the UK’s two largest comprehensive cancer centres to scope individual and team endeavours to work with colleagues in less well-resourced countries. Methods: Employees at the Royal Marsden Foundation Trust (RM) and Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) in London and Surrey, UK and The Christie NHS Foundation Trust (Christie), Manchester were invited to complete a survey to capture collaborative clinical care, research, education and training. Results: Responses were received from 520 multidisciplinary individuals across the 2 centres to two similar questionnaires. A large number had experience of working in some capacity in, or in collaboration with an LMIC. At the RM 14.62% of respondees were currently working with colleagues in LMICs. At The Christie 13.22% of staff had experience of working in LMICs in a supportive capacity. Those currently collaborating with colleagues in LMICs were working in a wide range of countries across Asia, Africa and South America in a range of initiatives spanning clinical care, research, education and training. Of those who answered the survey 64% at The Christie said they’d like to hear more about opportunities to be involved in supporting global health care, and 89% at RM/ICR said they’d be interested in joining a collaborative group working on global oncology initiatives at the institutions. Conclusions: This survey highlights the body of willing, interested individuals keen to work with colleagues in LMICs to improve cancer outcomes. The launch of the UK Global Cancer Network in 2020 will build upon these two surveys with a planned national survey of global health and cancer work undertaken by individuals in 2021.

“You cannot pour from an empty cup!”: child well-being service providers’ and policymakers’ professional supervision, coping and well-being during COVID-19

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitar Karadzhov ◽  
Jennifer C. Davidson ◽  
Graham Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Supervision Practices ◽  
Effective Supervision

Purpose This paper aims to present findings from 440 responses regarding the experiences of supervision, coping and well-being of 83 service providers and policymakers from eight countries working to support children’s well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach A smartphone survey hosted on a custom-built app was used. The data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. The data were gathered in the last quarter of 2020. Findings While most respondents described the supervision they received as “useful” – both personally and professionally – and reported several characteristics of effective supervision practices, concerns about not receiving optimal support were also voiced. Respondents shared a range of stress management and other self-care practices they used but also revealed their difficulties optimally managing the stresses and anxieties during the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, some respondents shared they were feeling helpless, unmotivated and unproductive. Yet, overall, responses were imbued with messages about hope, perseverance and self-compassion. Originality/value Using a bespoke smartphone app, rich and intimate insights were generated in real time from a wide range of professionals across high- and low- and middle-income countries – indicating the need to better support their well-being and service delivery.

Cross-country income variations and inclusive financing

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nabeel Safdar ◽  
Tian Lin ◽  
Saba Amin
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
High Income ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Purpose This study, a symposium, aims to explore the determinants of financial inclusion, impact of cross-country income-variations on financial inclusion, do high-income countries really uplift the financial inclusion and does the higher financial inclusion index indicate the larger economy? Design/methodology/approach This study adopts the panel data model to investigate the impact of high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries on financial inclusion. However, this study further adopts the principal component analysis rather than Sarma’s approach to calculate the financial inclusion index. Findings Based on the Data of World Bank, United Nations, International Monetary Fund, World Development Indicators, this study concludes that there is no nexus between income variations and financial inclusion, as the study reveals that some low- and middle-income countries have greater financial inclusion index such as Thailand (2.8538FII), Brazil (1.9526FII) and Turkey (0.8582FII). In low- and middle-income countries, the gross domestic product per capita, information technology and communication, the rule of law, age dependency ratio and urbanization have a noteworthy impact on financial inclusion that accumulatively describe the 83% of the model. Whereas, in high-income countries, merely, information technology and urbanization have a substantial influence on the growth of financial revolution and financial inclusion that describes the 70% of the total. Research limitations/implications The biggest limitation is the availability of data from different countries. Originality/value The originality of this paper is its technique, which is used in this paper to calculate the financial inclusion index. Furthermore, this study contributes to 40 different countries based on income, which could help to boost financial inclusion, and ultimately, it leads them toward economic growth.

scholarly journals Inequalities in antenatal care coverage and quality: an analysis from 63 low and middle-income countries using the ANCq content-qualified coverage indicator

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Arroyave ◽  
Ghada E. Saad ◽  
Cesar G. Victora ◽  
Aluisio J. D. Barros
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Global Analysis ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
National Surveys ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Abstract Background Antenatal care (ANC) is an essential intervention associated with a reduction of maternal and new-born morbidity and mortality. However, evidence suggested substantial inequalities in maternal and child health, mainly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We aimed to conduct a global analysis of socioeconomic inequalities in ANC using national surveys from LMICs. Methods ANC was measured using the ANCq, a novel content-qualified ANC coverage indicator, created and validated using national surveys, based upon contact with the health services and content of care received. We performed stratified analysis to explore the socioeconomic inequalities in ANCq. We also estimated the slope index of inequality, which measures the difference in coverage along the wealth spectrum. Results We analyzed 63 national surveys carried out from 2010 to 2017. There were large inequalities between and within countries. Higher ANCq scores were observed among women living in urban areas, with secondary or more level of education, belonging to wealthier families and with higher empowerment in nearly all countries. Countries with higher ANCq mean presented lower inequalities; while countries with average ANCq scores presented wide range of inequality, with some managing to achieve very low inequality. Conclusions Despite all efforts in ANC programs, important inequalities in coverage and quality of ANC services persist. If maternal and child mortality Sustainable Development Goals are to be achieved, those gaps we documented must be bridged.

scholarly journals Development of a core outcome set for multimorbidity trials in low- and middle-income countries (COSMOS): Study Protocol

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan R. Boehnke ◽  
Rusham Zahra Rana ◽  
Jamie J. Kirkham ◽  
Louise Rose ◽  
Gina Agarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Core Outcome Set ◽  
Core Outcome ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Long Term Conditions ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Outcome Set ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Introduction 'Multimorbidity' describes the presence of two or more long-term conditions, which can include communicable and non-communicable diseases, and mental disorders. The rising global burden from multimorbidity is well-documented, but trial evidence for effective interventions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is limited. Selection of appropriate outcomes is fundamental to trial design to ensure cross-study comparability, but there is currently no agreement on a core outcome set (COS) to include in trials investigating multimorbidity specifically in LMIC. Our aim is to develop international consensus on two COS for trials of interventions to prevent and treat multimorbidity in LMIC settings. Methods and Analysis Following methods recommended by the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET initiative), the development of these two COS will occur in three stages: (1) generation of a long list of potential outcomes for inclusion; (2) two-round online Delphi surveys; and (3) consensus meetings. First, to generate an initial list of outcomes, we will conduct a systematic review of multimorbidity intervention and prevention trials and interviews with people living with multimorbidity and their caregivers in LMICs. Outcomes will be classified using an outcome taxonomy. Two-round Delphi surveys will be used to elicit importance scores for these outcomes from people living with multimorbidity, caregivers, healthcare professionals, policy makers, and researchers in LMICs. Finally, consensus meetings will be held to discuss the Delphi survey results and agree outcomes for inclusion in the two COS. Ethics and dissemination The study has been approved by the Research Governance Committee of the Department of Health Sciences, University of York, UK [HSRGC/2020/409/D:COSMOS]. Each participating country/research group will obtain local ethics board approval. Informed consent will be obtained from all participants. We will disseminate findings through peer-reviewed open access publications, and presentations at global conferences selected to reach a wide range of LMIC stakeholders.

scholarly journals Assessing the Burden ofClostridium difficileInfection in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Roldan ◽  
A. X. Cui ◽  
N. R. Pollock
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Antibiotic Stewardship ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Low And Middle Income

ABSTRACTIn contrast to the significant resources invested in the diagnosis and prevention ofClostridium difficileinfection (CDI) in resource-rich settings, in resource-limited settings patients with community- and hospital-acquired diarrhea may not routinely be tested for CDI. Is CDI actually less frequent or severe in resource-limited settings, or might we be missing an important opportunity to prevent CDI-related morbidity and mortality (and to promote antibiotic stewardship) in these settings? Here, we review the literature to assess the overall burden of CDI in low- and middle-income countries.

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