An institutional logics approach to the heterogeneous world of highly skilled work

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Pernicka ◽  
Astrid Reichel
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Institutional Logics ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
University Professors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Management Consultants ◽  
Highly Skilled

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to clarify the relationship of highly skilled work and (collective) power. It develops an institutional logics perspective and argues that highly skilled workers’ propensity to join trade unions varies by institutional order. Design/methodology/approach – Data from two occupational fields in Austria, university professors and management consultants, representing two different institutional orders were collected via questionnaires. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was employed to test the hypotheses. Findings – The results show that over and above organisational level variables, individual's background and employee power variables institutional logics significantly add to explaining trade union membership of highly skilled workers. Prevalence of a professional logic in a field makes collective action more likely than market logic. Originality/value – Highly skilled workers are overall described as identifying themselves more with the goals of their employer or client and with their professional peers than with other corporate employees or organised labour. They are thus expected to develop consent rather than conflict orientation vis-á-vis their employers and clients. This paper supports a differentiated view and shows that within highly skilled work there are groups engaging in collective action. By developing an institutional logics perspective it provides a useful approach to explain heterogeneity within the world of highly skilled work.

scholarly journals Young Workers’ Perceptions of Trade Unions in Portugal

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 574-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilona Kovács ◽  
João Dias ◽  
Maria da Conceição Cerdeira
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Young Workers ◽  
Family Status ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
High Concentration

This paper seeks to capture how unions are perceived by young workers in Portugal and to identify different types of perceptions. Our analysis considers both structural factors and subjective experiences and is based on semi-structured interviews with young people working in sectors with a high concentration of youth employment. The fact that young workers are increasingly exposed to the pressures of unemployment and precarious work might suggest that there is homogeneity in their perceptions about trade unions and collective action. However, our results show that young workers’ perceptions are not homogenous and that they interconnect with distinct segments, characterized by different socio-economic conditions, as defined by family status, education level and position in the labour market. Three types of perceptions were identified by content analysis of the interviews: positive, negative and critical perceptions. A final segment of younger and less-skilled workers, of families with low educational and economic resources and having left school prematurely, have neither information nor any understanding about unions. Our findings support the thesis that diversity of educational and early labour market experiences, which characterize transition processes to adulthood, shape the relation between young workers and unions, in particular the motivation to join unions. Capturing the diversity of young workers experiences and perceptions is a challenge to industrial relations research, as well as to trade unionism. It can provide unions with important insights into how to adapt their strategies to recruit new young members and to mobilize the latent interests of young workers in collective action.

Disguise mechanisms in regulation definitions: the private health system

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 613-629
Author(s):  
Arnaldo L. Ryngelblum ◽  
Ernesto M. Giglio ◽  
Victor Silva Corrêa
Keyword(s):  
Trade Unions ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Institutional Logics ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Medical Associations ◽  
Health Field ◽  
Do So

Purpose Studies of institutional logics have emphasized two fundamental conceptions: first, that there is continuous competition between the various logics embedded in any context and, second, that certain mechanisms influence the promotion or modification of existing logics. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to these studies by broadening the propositions on the mechanisms used by the actors to disguise the fact that they are not prioritizing non-prevailing logics. Design/methodology/approach The paper examines the disguise mechanisms used in the regulation of the private health field in Brazil, which has still been rarely explored in the literature on the theme. The research strategy was qualitative, involving documentary research that provided information to create a script for interviewing different actors in this field, such as health plan companies, service providers, medical associations, trade unions, regulatory agency, consumer defense organizations and the judiciary, lending credibility to the study. Findings The field data suggest important findings. Field actors pursue exerting influence in defining the outcomes of the institutional logics prevailing at each event. In this pursuit, they work to keep representative parts of prescribed practices non-transparent to allow them a margin in which to maneuver when confronted with a non-prevailing logic. Originality/value This paper emphasizes that, in any context, actors, while following the prescriptions of a prevailing logic, might have to disguise not following the prescriptions of other logics; thus, they will have to seek for mechanisms to do so. This paper, by identifying disguise mechanisms that operate in the specific field of private health in Brazil, finally sheds light on disguise mechanisms, contributing to the general literature on institutionalism.

Hemodynamically significant cerebral vasospasm and outcome after head injury: a prospective study

1997 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Hong Lee ◽  
Neil A. Martin ◽  
George Alsina ◽  
David L. McArthur ◽  
Ken Zaucha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Cerebral Vasospasm ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Poor Outcome

✓ The authors prospectively investigated cerebral hemodynamic changes in 152 patients with head injuries to clarify the relationship between cerebral vasospasm and outcome. They also sought to determine the most clinically meaningful criteria for diagnosing cerebral vasospasm. Patients with varying degrees of moderate-to-severe head injury were monitored using transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography and intravenous 133Xe—cerebral blood flow (CBF) measurements. Outcome was determined at 6 months. Using TCD ultrasonography, mean flow velocities were determined for the middle cerebral artery (VMCA, 149 patients) and basilar artery (VBA, 126 patients). Recordings of the mean extracranial internal carotid artery velocity (VEC-ICA) were also performed to determine the hemispheric ratio (VMCA/VEC-ICA, 147 patients). Cerebral blood flow measurements were obtained in 91 patients. Concurrent TCD and CBF data from 85 patients were used to calculate a “spasm index” (the VMCA or VBA, respectively, divided by the hemispheric or global CBF). The authors investigated the clinical significance of elevated flow velocity, hemispheric ratio, and spasm index. Patients diagnosed as having MCA or BA vasospasm on the basis of TCD-derived criteria alone had a significantly worse outcome than patients without vasospasm. When CBF was considered, hemodynamically significant vasospasm, as defined by an elevated spasm index, was even more strongly associated with poor outcome. Stepwise logistic regression analysis confirmed that hemodynamically significant vasospasm was a significant predictor of poor outcome, independent of the effects of admission Glasgow Coma Scale score and age. On the basis of the results of this study, the authors suggest that the important factor impacting on outcome is not vasospasm per se, but hemodynamically significant vasospasm with low CBF. These findings show that vasospasm is a pathophysiologically important posttraumatic secondary insult, which is best diagnosed by the combined use of TCD and CBF measurements.

How cities can attract highly skilled workers as residents: the impact of city brand benefits

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 847-857
Author(s):  
Michael Schade ◽  
Rico Piehler ◽  
Andreas Müller ◽  
Christoph Burmann
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
City Brand ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
The Impact ◽  
German Cities ◽  
The City

Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of city brand benefits (cost efficiency, job chances, social life, recreation and self–brand connection) on highly skilled, potential residents’ attitudes toward the city brand. Design/methodology/approach A literature analysis and qualitative study inform a conceptual model, which is tested with structural equation modelling using 354 evaluations of the six largest German cities by 294 highly skilled, potential residents, in terms of their perceptions of city brand benefits and attitudes. Findings Social life and self–brand connection positively affect the city brand attitudes of highly skilled, potential residents. In contrast, cost efficiency, job chances and recreation do not affect these attitudes. Research limitations/implications The relevance of city brand benefits might be specific to a country or culture, so further research should test the conceptual model in other settings, including smaller cities. Further studies might compare the relevance of the effects for actual and potential residents. Practical implications Social life emerged as the most important city brand benefit, so cities must ensure they offer and communicate a rich social life. Cities also should identify and communicate congruent characteristics between the city and the self-concepts of relevant target groups. Originality/value This study identifies relevant and irrelevant city brand benefits for highly skilled, potential residents. In addition, it establishes self–brand connection as symbolic benefit that previous research into potential residents has not considered.

scholarly journals The job demands and resources as antecedents of work engagement

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiina Saari ◽  
Harri Melin ◽  
Evgeniya Balabanova ◽  
Azer Efendiev
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Background Theory ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Job Demands And Resources

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine work engagement and its antecedents in two countries: Finland and Russia. The job demands-resources model provides the background theory for the analysis. Design/methodology/approach This study uses a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional research design. The data were analysed using descriptive methods and stepwise logistic regression analysis. Findings The overall level of work engagement was higher in Finland than in Russia. The opportunity to learn new skills at work was the strongest predictor of work engagement in both countries. The most significant difference was that once job demands and resources were taken into account, the managerial position had a strong effect on work engagement in Russia, while in Finland it had no significant effect. Practical implications Knowledge about the antecedents of work engagement and especially the strong effect of opportunities to learn new skills could encourage organisations to provide their employees with development opportunities throughout their careers. Originality/value This study adds to the limited comparative research on work engagement and its predictors.

Brexit will not make Poles leave en masse

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Large Group ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Polish Migration ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Polish Migrants

Subject Polish migration to the United Kingdom. Significance Despite the fact that so far only 27% of Polish immigrants have applied for 'settled status' in the United Kingdom, most of them have not decided to leave the country after Brexit. Impacts Polish migrants returning from the United Kingdom will settle in large cities and search for highly skilled jobs. Whether a large group of Polish migrants returns or not, Poland will still need low-skilled workers, coming mostly from Ukraine. PiS will not necessarily benefit electorally as returning migrants will include many Civic Coalition and Confederation supporters.

Relocation branding: a strategic framework for attracting talent from abroad

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sari Silvanto ◽  
Jason Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Nation Branding ◽  
World Economic Forum ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Strategic Framework ◽  
Global Migration ◽  
Strategic Vision ◽  
Clear Vision ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
World Economic

Purpose – The global migration and movement of talent plays an important role in the economic growth and competitiveness of many nations. In coming decades, it is anticipated that there will be increased competition between countries to attract the best and brightest. The World Economic Forum (2011) has recommended using nation branding strategies to attract talent. In response to this recommendation, the purpose of this paper is to propose a strategic framework and terminology for branding nations to attract highly skilled workers. Based on a review of the literature, it recommends five strategic vision drivers that can help countries brand themselves in an appealing and compelling way to talented professionals. This paper also recommends the term “relocation branding” to describe the practice of branding nations, regions and cities to attract talent. Design/methodology/approach – This paper examines the literature on nation branding and talent mobility to propose a conceptual framework of five vision drivers for branding destinations to attract talent. It also discusses how these vision drivers can be used in the context of an overall branding initiative and campaign. Findings – This paper finds that the determinants of talent mobility are complex and overlapping. Highly skilled temporary and permanent migrants have a broad range of concerns and interests when they voluntarily choose a country to live and work in. This paper argues that, given these complexities, a more tailored and multidimensional understanding of talent mobility is necessary to effectively craft a branding strategy that will appeal to the highly skilled. A clear vision, demonstrating an understanding of the challenges of moving between countries, has to be integrated into the brand from the outset. Originality/value – This paper is one of the only in-depth studies of nation branding for the purpose of attracting temporary and permanent skilled migrants. The value of this paper is significant as it provides a framework for strategically creating and positioning nation brands to attract highly skilled workers.

The Use of Total Contact Orthoses in Patients with Foot Problems in Foot Clinic, Siriraj Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (12) ◽  
pp. 1292-1299
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Posterior Tibial Tendon ◽  
Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Siriraj Hospital ◽  
Foot Problems ◽  
Foot Clinic

Objective: To study the use rate, outcome, and concomitant factors of the use of the total contact orthoses (TCO) in the Foot Clinic, Siriraj Hospital Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive study collecting data from patient medical records and questionnaires. Patients who had foot problems without impairment of foot sensation and received the TCO from the Foot Clinic between July 2015 and April 2016 were interviewed before and after using the latest TCO for one month. Results: One hundred seven participants were recruited. Most were female (84.1%) with a median age of 59.3 years. The majority had chronic plantar fasciitis (26.2%), posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) (25.2%), hallux valgus (21.5%), or metatarsalgia (21.5%). The TCO user was defined as a participant who had to use the TCO for more than three days per week and for more or equal to 50% of daily walking and standing duration. The use rate was 67.3%. The TCO provides standing and walking stability (p=0.008). For patients with metatarsalgia, using the TCO could significantly reduce pain (p=0.002). Using univariate analysis, many factors were found to be associated with the use of the TCO including having level of convenience of putting on or taking off shoes with TCO at 9 or more (odds ratio 2.66, 95% CI 1.16 to 6.12), having difficulty to find proper shoes that fit with the TCO (odds ratio 0.36, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.89), receiving more than one pair of TCO (odds ratio 4.09, 95% CI 1.51 to 11.05), and having level of comfort satisfaction during the TCO use at 9 or more (odds ratio 3.61, 95% CI 1.55 to 8.40). The latter two factors were found to be associated with the use of the TCO from stepwise logistic regression analysis (adjusted odds ratio 3.39, 95% CI 1.18 to 9.71 and 3.02, 95% CI 1.07 to 8.47, respectively). Conclusion: The use of the TCO in the Foot Clinic, Siriraj Hospital was 67.3%. Using the TCO could promote walking stability. Factors affecting the use of the TCO included receiving more than the first pair of TCO and having comfort satisfaction level of 9 or more. Keywords: Use, Total contact orthoses, Total contact insole, Foot problems

Patterns of care in Italian psychiatric services and psychosocial outcome of schizophrenic patients. A three-year prospective study

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kemali ◽  
M. Maj ◽  
B. Carpiniello ◽  
R.D. Giurazza ◽  
M. Impagnatiello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Social Withdrawal ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Favourable Outcome ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Psychosocial Outcome ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Difference

Summary141 patients with an ICD-9 diagnosis of schizophrenic psychosis were followed up prospectively for 3 years in 7 Italian centres, representative of the different degrees of application of the psychiatric reform law (Law 180) passed in 1978. It was agreed that each centre would treat the patients according to its routine, and that all contacts with the patients and each intervention performed would be carefully recorded in an ad hoc schedule. The baseline evaluation of psychosocial adjustment was performed by the Disability Assessment Schedule (DAS), and this assessment was then repeated every 6 months during the follow-up period. At the end of this period, the rating on the DAS section 5 was taken as a global measure of patients’ psychosocial outcome. On a stepwise logistic regression analysis, 2 variables were found to be significantly predictive of psychosocial outcome, that is the use of social and/or vocational skills training (associated with a favourable outcome) and the number of days/year of full hospitalization (associated with a poor outcome). Trieste and Arezzo were the only centres in which a significant improvement of the score on some DAS subscales (namely, “occupational role, interest” and “social withdrawal”) was detected. In the whole patient sample, the difference between the final and the baseline score on these subscales correlated significantly with the number/year of outpatient contacts and of home visits. These findings confirm the favourable impact of the community-oriented care provided in some Italian centres on the Psychosocial outcome of schizophrenic patients.

scholarly journals A rapid screening model for early predicting novel coronavirus pneumonia in Zhejiang Province of China: a multicenter study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ning Dai ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Qing-Qing Wu ◽  
Tian-Chen Hui ◽  
Nan-Nan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽  
Stepwise Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Screening Model ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

AbstractNovel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has been widely spread in China and several other countries. Early finding of this pneumonia from huge numbers of suspects gives clinicians a big challenge. The aim of the study was to develop a rapid screening model for early predicting NCP in a Zhejiang population, as well as its utility in other areas. A total of 880 participants who were initially suspected of NCP from January 17 to February 19 were included. Potential predictors were selected via stepwise logistic regression analysis. The model was established based on epidemiological features, clinical manifestations, white blood cell count, and pulmonary imaging changes, with the area under receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve of 0.920. At a cut-off value of 1.0, the model could determine NCP with a sensitivity of 85% and a specificity of 82.3%. We further developed a simplified model by combining the geographical regions and rounding the coefficients, with the AUROC of 0.909, as well as a model without epidemiological factors with the AUROC of 0.859. The study demonstrated that the screening model was a helpful and cost-effective tool for early predicting NCP and had great clinical significance given the high activity of NCP.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document