Thermal comfort properties of bamboo tencel knitted fabrics

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govindan Karthikeyan ◽  
Govind Nalankilli ◽  
O L Shanmugasundaram ◽  
Chidambaram Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Water Vapour Permeability ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moisture Management ◽  
Thermal Comfort Properties ◽  
Single Jersey

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the thermal comfort properties of single jersey knitted fabric structures made from bamboo, tencel and bamboo-tencel blended yarns. Design/methodology/approach – Bamboo, tencel fibre and blends of the two fibres were spun into yarns of identical linear density (30s Ne). Each of the blended yarns so produced was converted to single jersey knitted fabrics with loose, medium and tight structures. Findings – An increase in tencel fibre in the fabric had led to a reduction in fabric thickness and GSM. Air permeability and water-vapour permeability also increased with increase in tencel fibre content. The anticipated increase in air permeability and relative water vapour permeability with increase in stitch length was observed. The thermal conductivity of the fabrics was generally found to increase with increase in the proportion of bamboo. Research limitations/implications – It is clear from the foregoing that, although a considerable amount of work has been done on bamboo blends and their properties, still there are many gaps existing in the literature, in particular, on thermal comfort, moisture management and spreading characteristics. Thus the manuscript addresses these issues and provides valuable information on the comfort characteristics of the blended fabrics for the first time. In the evolution of this manuscript, it became apparent that a considerable amount of work was needed to fill up the gaps existing in the literature and hence this work which deals with an investigation of the blend yarn properties and comfort properties of knitted fabrics was taken up. Originality/value – This research work is focused on the thermal comfort parameters of knitted fabrics made from 100 per cent tencel yarn, 100 per cent bamboo yarn and tencel/bamboo blended yarns of different blend ratios.

scholarly journals Thermal comfort properties of cotton/spandex single jersey knitted fabric

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (03) ◽  
pp. 244-249
Author(s):  
AMANY HALIL ◽  
PAVLA TĚŠINOVÁ ◽  
ABDELHAMID R.R. ABOALASAAD
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Water Vapour Permeability ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Thermal Comfort Properties ◽  
Cotton Knitted Fabric ◽  
Single Jersey

Knitted fabrics are characterized by comfort compared to woven fabrics due to their high extensibility and airpermeability, but they have lower dimensional stability after repeated washing especially single jersey knitted fabric(SJKF). Therefore, the spandex (Lycra) core-spun yarns are used to maintain the dimensions of knitted fabrics duringuse and after repeated stresses. In this study, nine elastic SJKF samples were produced at three levels of loop lengthand spandex percent using yarn linear density 30/1 Ne. For comparison, three 100% cotton knitted samples wereproduced with the same levels of loop length and yarn count. The dimensional and thermal comfort properties of thelong-stretch samples were compared with the short-stretch cotton knitted fabric. The thermal comfort properties (thermalconductivity, resistance, absorptivity, and water vapour permeability), air permeability, and dimensional properties weremeasured and compared to 100% cotton samples. The results showed that the stitch density, fabric density, fabricthickness, and thermal resistance increased, whereas the air, water vapour permeability, and spirality angle decreasedin cotton/spandex samples.

Some Studies on the Moisture Management Properties of Cotton and Bamboo Yarn Knitted Fabrics

2015 ◽  
Vol 1134 ◽  
pp. 225-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadhirah Mohd Amran ◽  
Mohd Rozi Ahmad ◽  
Mohamad Faizul Yahya ◽  
Amily Fikry ◽  
Ahmad Munir Che Muhamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Water Vapour Permeability ◽  
Water Penetration ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Spreading Area ◽  
Moisture Management ◽  
Management Capability ◽  
Cotton Yarns

This paper reports on the moisture management properties of fabrics made from yarns of 100% cotton, 100% bamboo and combination of bamboo and cotton yarns. The fabrics were knitted on a circular knitting machine and scoured before measuring them for moisture management capability, air permeability and water vapour permeability. The results showed that all fabrics have good overall moisture management capability which classified them as water penetration fabric with small spreading area. The fabric consisting of the combination of bamboo and cotton yarns of 83/17 ratio gave the highest air and water vapour permeability.

Thermo-physiological properties of 3D spacer knitted fabrics

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajesh Mishra ◽  
Arumugam Veerakumar ◽  
Jiri Militky
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Water Vapour Permeability ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spacer Fabric ◽  
Multifilament Yarns ◽  
Spacer Fabrics

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate effect of material properties in 3D knitted fabrics on thermo-physiological comfort. Design/methodology/approach – In the present study six different spacer fabrics were developed. Among these six fabrics, it was classified into two groups for convenient analysis of results, the first group has been developed using polyester/polypropylene blend with three different proportion and second group with polyester/polypropylene/lycra blend having another three different composition. As a spacer yarn, three different types of 88 dtex polyester monofilament yarn and polyester multifilament yarns (167 dtex and 14.5 tex) were used and 14.5 tex polypropylene and 44 dtex lycra multifilament yarns were also used for the face and back side of the spacer fabrics (Table I). These fabrics were developed in Syntax Pvt Ltd Czech Republic. Findings – The main influence on the water vapour permeability of warp knitted spacer fabrics is the kind of raw material, i.e. fibre wetting and wicking. Also there is no correlation between air permeability and water vapour permeability. It is found that both air permeability and thermal conductivity are closely related to the fabric density. It is also found that the fabric characteristics of spacer fabric show a very significant effect on the air permeability, thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of spacer fabric. Therefore, selection of spacer fabric for winter clothing according to its fabric characteristics. Practical implications – The main objective of the present study is to produce spacer knitted 3D fabrics suitable for defined climatic conditions to be used as clothing or in sports goods. Originality/value – New 3D knitted spacer fabrics can be produced with improved comfort properties.

scholarly journals Influence of the Bamboo/Cotton Fibre Blend Proportion on the Thermal Comfort Properties of Single Jersey Knitted Fabrics

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karunakaran Kadapalayam Chinnasamy ◽  
Prakash Chidambaram
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Statistical Investigation ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Blend Ratio ◽  
Bamboo Fibre ◽  
Thermal Comfort Properties ◽  
Single Jersey ◽  
Blend Proportion

The main aim was to find out the influence of the blend ratio and linear density on the thermal comfort properties of regenerated bamboo cotton blended single jersey knitted fabrics. An increase in the regenerated bamboo fibre ratio in the fabric influences the thermal comfort properties. Knitted fabrics prepared from regenerated bamboo blended yarns have lesser thickness and inferior mass per square meter than cotton fabrics. The proportion of regenerated bamboo fibre increases in the yarn as the value of thermal conductivity decreases in knitted fabrics. Water vapour permeability and air permeability confirm a similar increase as the proportion of regenerated bamboo fibre increases. 100% regenerated bamboo fabrics have superior air permeability values compared with regenerated bamboo/cotton blended fabrics. The statistical investigation also showed that the results are significant for the thermal comfort properties of regenerated bamboo cotton knitted fabrics.

scholarly journals Air, moisture and thermal comfort properties of woven fabrics from selected yarns

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (03) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
ZAHRA QURBAT ◽  
MANGAT ASIF ELAHI ◽  
FRAZ AHMAD ◽  
HUSSAIN SAJID ◽  
ABBAS MUDASSAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Water Vapour Permeability ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Weft Direction ◽  
Wetting Time ◽  
Thermal Comfort Properties ◽  
Thermal Absorptivity

Air and moisture transport properties of plain woven fabric made from 20sNec cotton in warp and 20sNec pure yarns of tencel, modal, pro-modal, bamboo, polyester and cotton yarn inweft direction are studied. Major characteristics added for this study include water vapour permeability, air permeability, wettingtime and wicking speed. In comparison of six different samples of variously composed materials in weft direction, the air permeability of tencel was minimum and polyester was maximum, whereas the reverse results were observed for both the samples in case of water vapour permeability. Among the blends with cotton, thermal conductivity of bamboo and thermal absorptivity of polyester was found maximum whereas the minimum thermal resistance was observed for pro modal yarn in weft. Similar pattern was observed in spreading speed and wetting time of the polyester when observed from either side top or bottom. Air and moisture comfort properties of bamboo and pro modal, having nearly similar values are suggested to be used in garments used for golf players

The effects of elastane and finishing properties on wicking, drying and water vapour permeability properties of denim fabrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-217
Author(s):  
Selin Hanife Eryuruk
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Water Vapour Permeability ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Skin Contact ◽  
Water Vapour Transfer ◽  
Thermal Comfort Properties ◽  
Drying Properties ◽  
Fabric Weight

Purpose The liquid water and water vapour transfer properties of fabrics play an important and decisive role in determining thermal comfort properties of clothing systems. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the effects of fabric composition (98 percent cotton–2 percent elastane and 100 percent cotton) and finishing treatments (rigid, resin, bleaching and softening) on the wicking, drying and water vapour permeability (WVP) properties of denim fabrics. Design/methodology/approach The research design for this study consists of experimental study. Two fabric compositions (98 percent cotton–2 percent elastane and 100 percent cotton) and four finishing treatments (rigid, resin, bleaching and softening) were evaluated to see the effects of elastane and finishing treatments on wicking, drying and WVP properties of woven denim fabrics. Results were analysed statistically. Findings Experimental results showed that the transfer wicking, drying and WVP values of denim fabrics were significantly influenced by fabric weight, fibre composition and finishing treatments. Practical implications The wicking ability of sweat from the skin to the outer environment of a skin contact fabric layer is the primary requirement. Originality/value As a result of the literature review, it was seen that there are some studies in the literature about comfort properties of denim fabrics, but there is no study concerning the water vapour transmission, wicking and drying properties of denim fabrics.

Effect of environmentally friendly plasma treatment on microfibre fabrics to improve some comfort properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Ramakrishnan G. ◽  
Prakash C. ◽  
Janani G.
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Water Vapour Permeability ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Difference

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate plasma treatment for Tencel microfibre fabrics for possible improvement in various functional properties. Design/methodology/approach The plasma treated and untreated fabrics were dyed using reactive dyes and evaluated for comfort properties such as wicking, water vapour permeability and air permeability. Findings The various comfort properties of plasma treated and an untreated Tencel microfibre fabric have been studied. The wicking results showed a significant reduction in wicking time for plasma treated fabrics compared to untreated fabrics. The test results for water vapour permeability show no significant difference between plasma treated and untreated fabrics. The plasma treated samples show higher air permeability than untreated samples. In the wetting test, it is clearly seen that the plasma treated samples absorbed the water at a faster rate. Originality/value This research investigates plasma treatment for Tencel microfibre fabrics for possible improvement in various functional properties.

scholarly journals Thermal Comfort Properties of Bi-layer Knitted Fabric structure for Volleyball Sportswear

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (0) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thangamuthu Suganthi ◽  
Pandurangan Senthilkumar ◽  
Venugopal Dipika
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Outer Layer ◽  
Knitted Fabric ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Thermal Comfort Properties ◽  
Fabric Structures ◽  
Single Jersey

The thermal comfort properties of different knitted fabric structures made from modal, polypropylene and micro denier polyester were studied for volleyball sportswear. Eleven knitted fabrics were produced, in which three samples were single jersey, two plated and six bi-layer knitted structures. The air permeability, water vapour permeability, thermal conductivity, wicking and drying ability of bi-layer knitted fabric made up of polypropylene as the inner layer and modal as the outer layer with one tuck point of repeat were found to be higher as compared to other bi-layer, plated and single jersey structures. Both theobjective and subjective results show that bi-layer knitted fabric with polypropylene as the inner layer and modal as the outer layer with one tuck point of repeat is mostly suitablefor sportswear. The results are discussed together with multivariate ANOVA test results ata 95% significance level.

Silicone oil based softeners including different additives

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-31
Author(s):  
Onur Balci ◽  
Gözde Özlem Kinoglu ◽  
Burcu Sancar Besen
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Silicone Oil ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 400 ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Moisture Management ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Hydrophilic Character ◽  
Thermal Comfort Properties

Purpose In this study, which is divided into two parts, the silicone softeners having different properties and including different additives as glycerin, polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) and polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000) (due to their high hydrophilic characters) are produced for the purpose of providing or developing the hydrophilic character, lubricity and filling properties of the emulsions. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach In the first part of the study, the produced silicone emulsions were characterized and applied to the 100 percent cotton-knitted fabrics. In addition, the mechanical properties and whiteness degrees of the fabrics were also researched. In this part of the study, the effects of the produced silicone softeners on the comfort properties of the fabric samples were investigated by qualitative handle, hydrophility, contact angle, air permeability, thermal comfort and moisture management tests. Findings The results showed that while classic silicone application improved mechanical comfort properties of the samples such as the handle and drape properties, they worsened other thermal comfort properties as hydrophility, transfer or dispersion of the moisture, and air permeability. In addition, the thermal comfort properties about heat transfer of the fabric samples were not significantly affected by application of the silicone softeners. All results were affected from the producing recipe of the silicone softeners, and generally the usage of the additives had positive effect on the comfort results depending on the producing recipe (especially type of the silicone oil) of the silicone softeners. Research limitations/implications In this study, the additives were used in single form; however, their dual or trio combinations and/or their different amounts can be used in the emulsions. Practical implications In order to enhance the hydrophilic character, lubricity and filling properties of the silicone softeners, they could be produced by using appropriate additives. Originality/value In the literature, there were not any studies about the silicone softeners including different additives. So the authors can say that the contribution of the additives to the recipes of the silicone softeners is a novel approach.

Thermal Comfort Properties of Knitted Fabrics Suitable for Skin Layer of Protective Clothing Worn in Extreme Hot Conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 184-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazia Nawaz ◽  
Olga Troynikov ◽  
Chris Watson
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Water Vapour ◽  
Protective Clothing ◽  
Skin Layer ◽  
Water Vapour Permeability ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Vapour Permeability

Key words: Physiological comfort, knitted fabrics, protective clothing Abstract. Thermal comfort of clothing is associated with the thermal balance between human body and the environment, and also a balance between the body heat production and the heat loss. During work activities performed in extreme hot conditions, the body produces substantial amount of heat energy which leads to raised body temperature. As a result the body perspires in liquid and vapour form to reduce the increased temperature. When this perspiration is transmitted to the atmosphere, the body temperature reduces. Thus the garments worn next to skin should allow the perspiration and heat to easily pass through them; otherwise the result will be a significant discomfort of the persons working in extreme hot conditions. Therefore, thermal properties and water vapour permeability of the fabrics used for the next-to-skin layer of protective clothing are very important for the maintenance of physiological comfort of workers. In the present study physical parameters, air permeability, porosity, thermal and water vapour permeability of six commercially available knitted fabrics of different fibre blends, different and knitted structures suitable for skin layer garments of protective clothing worn in extreme hot conditions were evaluated. The influences of fabric physical parameters, and optical porosity on thermal conductivity and water vapour permeability of fabrics were determined and correlation coefficients were calculated between these variables.

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