The impact of training on productivity and wages in Tunisia

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naouel Ben Jemaa Cherif
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Wage Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Returns To Training ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of training on labor productivity and wages in order to examine how the benefits from training are shared between employers and employees.Design/methodology/approachThis study analyzes an industry panel covering all sectors of the Tunisian economy for the period 2000–2014. The panel structure of the data allows controlling for the endogeneity of training by using different panel data techniques.FindingsResults show that both employers and workers benefit from training since it has a positive and significant effect on productivity and wages. However, the effect of training on productivity is substantially higher than on wages, suggesting that employers obtain the largest part of the returns to training. This result is consistent with theories that explain firm-sponsored training by a compressed wage structure in imperfect labor markets.Originality/valueThis study, particularly showcasing the labor market in Tunisia, is one of the first to provide estimates for a developing country to assess the effects of training for both employer and employee. It is also among the few empirical works that analyzed the impact of training on labor productivity and wages simultaneously.

Board gender diversity and US corporate bonds

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 771-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee M. Oyotode-Adebile ◽  
Zubair Ali Raja
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
Board Gender Diversity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Women Participation

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of board gender diversity on bond terms and bondholders’ returns. Design/methodology/approach The authors perform pooled OLS regression, simultaneous regressions and propensity score matching to a panel data set of bond data for 319 US firms from 2007 to 2014. Findings The authors find that firms with gender-diverse boards have lower yields, higher ratings, larger issue size and shorter maturity. They also find that bondholders require fewer returns from firms with gender-diverse boards. However, the effect is more pronounced when women, constitutes at least 29.67 percent of the board. Originality/value This analysis supplements the findings that board gender diversity is essential for bondholders. It shows that bondholders should look at board gender diversity as a criterion to invest because bonds issued by firms with gender-diverse board have less risk. For practitioners, this study shows that more women participation on boards leads to a reduction in borrowing costs.

Labor demographics and productivity: all-star roster turnover and foreigners

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 243-254
Author(s):  
Martin B. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Labor Pool ◽  
Productivity Differential

PurposeTalent compression is the labor market phenomenon where the average productivity differential between participants declines and has been used to explain the overall increase in competition within some professional sports markets. A finding that competitiveness is uniquely driven by talent compression is consistent with Rottenberg (1956), who argued that resource distribution is independent of factors that are invariant to labor productivity.Design/methodology/approachRather than incorporate MLB team roster turnover as many of the past studies have done, we prefer to measure of all-star turnover in membership. Problematically, movement from an MLB team to an MLB team is limited by rule, finances and the fact that there are very few teams competing for player services. In contrast, All-Star membership is typically costlessly chosen by many millions of fans, league players and managers. In this way, All-Star voting should be invariant to many of the factors that affect movement from an MLB team to an MLB team.FindingsIn the end, we find that a close association between all-star turnover rates and the makeup of MLB’s labor pool.Originality/valueThe paper offers a new measure of player mobility.

How the peer-to-peer market for tourist accommodation has responded to COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Benítez-Aurioles
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Public Managers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tourist Accommodation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This study aims to analyze the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on the peer-to-peer (p2p) market for tourist accommodation. Design/methodology/approach Using monthly panel data from Airbnb listings in 22 cities worldwide, the authors run a differences-in-differences analysis comparing the period of February–October 2020 to the previous year. Findings Besides a decline in accommodation supply, the pandemic made prices and demand fall in all cities significantly, after controlling for room characteristics, host traits, booking policies and individual fixed effects. There is also evidence of an alteration of the influence on prices of certain variables such as superhost and instant booking. Research limitations/implications The main limitations are related to the reference spatial and temporal environment. Besides, the samples are limited to listings that stayed before and after the pandemic; therefore, it is possible that the real effect on review growth and/or prices is actually more negative. Practical implications The analysis performed shows a scenario that represents an opportunity for public managers to test more imaginative regulations that overcome the limitations of those implemented so far. Likewise, hosts who aspire to make their accommodations profitable must adapt to the conditions imposed by the economic environment of the cities in which they operate. Originality/value This is the first study to econometrically estimate the impact of COVID-19 on prices in the p2p market for tourist accommodation in a set of cities worldwide.

Post-Institutionalism in Labor Economics: The Forties and Fifties Revisited

ILR Review ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 388-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Segal
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Labor Economics ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Wage Structure ◽  
Wage Determination ◽  
Internal Labor Markets ◽  
Determination Process ◽  
The Impact

This paper describes and evaluates the analytical model of the labor market developed by prominent labor economists of the 1940s and 1950s. The author argues that the post-institutionalist model made significant and lasting contributions to the analysis of labor mobility and the process of job search; to the formulation of models of union policies and the evaluation of the impact of collective bargaining; to the analysis of the factors that shape internal wage structure and contribute to the rise of internal labor markets; and, by its emphasis on the critical role played by the forces of demand, to the analysis of the wage determination process.

Innovation and the development of exportable supply in non-traditional goods

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio-Andres Pulgarin-Molina ◽  
Andres Mauricio Castro ◽  
Alejandra Ballesteros ◽  
Juan Manuel Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Specialized Training ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims, first, to advance the current understanding about the impact of innovation in non-traditional exports, and, second, to provide insights about the structure of emergent economies often not regarded by traditional innovation and export theories. Design/methodology/approach A longitudinal analysis using panel data based on Box Jenkins’ theory was conducted, so to identify statistically significant variables on export performance, regarding expenditure on research, development and innovation (R&D + I) activities, ICT and specialized training and formation. Findings This study suggests the need to design public policies aimed at stimulating innovation in potential export sectors, as a mechanism for competitive development and growth in emergent economies such as Colombia. Originality/value The introduction of innovations in goods and services exports has become more important in economies, such as the Colombian ones, where globalization openness processes force to establish minimum competitiveness levels regarding the international standards.

The changing returns on IT investment

2020 ◽  
Vol 120 (11) ◽  
pp. 2025-2039
Author(s):  
Jing Fang ◽  
Xiaowei Liu ◽  
Wen Guang Qu
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
It Investment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Us ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time ◽  
It Productivity

PurposePrior IT productivity research usually assumes constant returns on IT investment. This study suggests that the impact of IT investment on productivity may not be constant but may change with the IT investment scale and over time. Specifically, we divide IT investment into commercial IT and in-house IT and investigate their changing impacts on industry labor productivity.Design/methodology/approachA model of the productivity impacts of commercial IT and in-house IT with changing effects of scale and over time is developed and empirically tested based on industry-level panel data from the US. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA).FindingsThe returns on commercial IT investment increase with scale but decrease over time, while the returns on in-house IT increase over time.Originality/valueThis study provides a new perspective for IT productivity research by investigating the changing productivity impacts of IT investment. It also suggests that commercial IT and in-house IT should be distinguished, as they have different impacts on productivity.

scholarly journals The labor share and income inequality: some empirical evidence for the period 1990-2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (84) ◽  
pp. 173-195
Author(s):  
Iñaki Erauskin
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Gini Coefficient ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Labor Share ◽  
Income Share ◽  
The Gini Coefficient ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze empirically the relationship between the labor share and income inequality, as measured by the Gini coefficient and by the income shares for different quintiles, during the period 1990–2015 for 62 developed and developing countries. Design/methodology/approach This study uses panel data techniques to analyze empirically the relationship between the labor share and income inequality. Findings This paper finds that a lower labor share is associated with a higher Gini coefficient. A lower labor share is found to be strongly associated with a smaller income share for the lowest two quintiles and larger income share for the highest quintile and weakly associated with a smaller income share for the third and fourth quintiles. Moreover, this paper finds that the lower the quintile, the stronger the impact of the labor share on the income share of the quintile. Social implications Policymakers should take into account the evolution of the labor share. Public policies that improve labor market outcomes, such as those aimed to promote participation in the labor market and strengthen the human capital of low-income groups, seem necessary to prevent the rise in economic inequalities. Moreover, as the digital transformation of society progresses, policies to promote skill deepening may have an important role in reversing excessive inequalities. Originality/value How changes in the labor share are associated with changes in the Gini coefficient, and how this is driven by income shares for different quintiles, for a broad range of countries during the most recent period, has not been comprehensively studied using panel data techniques.

The impact of the adoption of green marketing on corporate performance of non-profitable organizations: empirical study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hani Al-dmour ◽  
Haifa Hadad ◽  
Rand Al-dmour
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Corporate Performance ◽  
Green Marketing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of green marketing adoption on non-profitable organizations’ performance in Jordan. Design/methodology/approach A structured questionnaire was developed to collect the needed data and test the developed hypotheses to investigate the impact of green marketing adoption on non-profitable organizations’ performance. The data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire distributed to 183 respondents in non-profitable organizations operating in Jordan. Findings The findings indicate that the extent of green marketing adoption by profitable organizations in Jordan is relatively moderate. They also confirm that the corporate performance of non-profitable organizations is positively associated with the extent of adoption of green marketing dimensions, particularly environmental and social responsibility aspects. Originality/value Reviewing the existing literature revealed that similar studies had not previously been undertaken in Jordan as a developing country.

scholarly journals The impact of financial restatement on auditor changes: Iranian evidence

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azam Eshagniya ◽  
Mahdi Salehi
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Ceo Turnover ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Restatement ◽  
Auditor Change ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to examine the effect of financial restatement on changing the auditor in the following years. Design/methodology/approach The study uses data of 105 companies (735 company-years) listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange collected during the period 2008-2014. Logistic regression is used to test the hypotheses. Findings The results of hypotheses present that restatement does not cause auditor changes and that as the severity of a restatement increases, the auditor change in the following year of restatement also does not increase. Restating companies having strong governance do not go for auditor changes as compared with other companies. In addition, in companies that are restating, non-big auditor changes are not more likely than a big auditor. Also, in companies restating simultaneous with a CEO turnover, there is no possibility of auditor change. Furthermore, multinomial logistic regression showed that the adjustments resulting from the correction of errors and changes in procedures and the amount of adjustments do not cause auditor change in the following year. So, the results have shown that the restatement is not an important factor in changing auditor the next year. Originality/value The current study analyses the impact of financial restatement on auditor changes in a deep manner in a developing country like Iran.

Organizational Justice and Employee Sustainability: The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Mehreen Fatima ◽  
Zeeshan Izhar ◽  
Zaheer Abbas Kazmi
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Organizational Justice ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
The Impact

Purpose- The primary purpose of the study is to determine the impact of organizational justice (OJ) on employee sustainability. Along with that, it also describes how organizational commitment mediates this direct relationship. This study includes all dimensions of OJ which are distributive, procedural and interactional (interpersonal & informational) within the context of a developing country (Pakistan). Design/Methodology- This study has considered employees working in the banking sector of Pakistan. Two hundred ten questionnaires were received back from employees. Regression analysis was used to analyze direct relationships between variables, while smart partial least squares (PLS) were used for mediation analysis. Findings- Results demonstrated that all hypothesis were accepted and it was also confirmed that organizational commitment (OC) mediates the direct relationship between OJ and employee sustainability (ES). Originality/value- Multidimensional construct of organizational justice was tested in this study, in the context of a developing country (Pakistan), to address the research gap.

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