How does embodiment work in dark tourism “field”? Based on visitors’ experience in Memorial Hall of the victims in Nanjing Massacre

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanjun Xie ◽  
Jiaojiao Sun
Keyword(s):  
Embodied Experience ◽  
Dark Tourism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Language Differences ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
Tourism Experience ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
New Research ◽  
Tourism Websites ◽  
The Way

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the actions of different senses on visitors’ embodied experience in dark tourism “field,” including embodied emotions/cognitions. Design/methodology/approach This research uses qualitative analysis by applying tourists’ reviews from two main Chinese tourism websites and the software of MAXQDA. It identifies the senses applied in the embodiment process in dark tourism “field” and matches these senses to the specific types of embodied emotions/cognitions. Findings This research identifies four main senses. The visual sense has the greatest influence on 27 embodied emotions and 7 embodied cognitions. Auditory and temperature sense create particular emotions. This research also points out the phenomenon of “banned behavior.” At last, to achieve accessibility/acceptability, Nanjing Memorial Hall applies two strategies to distance the extreme historical events from visitors: the construction of aesthetic elements and the way it shows historical objects. Research limitations/implications It uses both qualitative and quantitative data to identify the classifications and degrees of senses, emotions and cognitions as well as the relations between them. However, there are difficulties in the coding process because of the language differences, which requires a good understanding of the context of the tourism experience. Practical implications The research results could be used as a psychological reference and in the design of dark tourism product. Social implications It provides a specific understanding of the way in which visitors interact with dark tourism objects and environment. Originality/value This is the first research that explains the dark tourism experience from the perspective of embodiment. It provides conceptual as well as empirical reference for a new research topic.

Walking on the light side

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayne Krisjanous ◽  
Janet Carruthers
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Analysis Procedure ◽  
Dark Tourism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Entrepreneurial Marketing ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
Data Analysis Procedure ◽  
Light Side ◽  
Depth Interviews

Purpose Ghost tours are an important part of tourism in many towns and cities around the world. Described as light dark tourism, they are a mix of the macabre and entertainment. Ghost tours are usually small business enterprises. In order for their venture to be sustainable, ghost tour operators must engage in effective entrepreneurial marketing (EM) practices. This study aims to evaluate the extent to which ghost tour operators use EM within their business. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative bricolage approach is used as a way to explore the use of EM practices within ghost tourism; that is, a niche tourism product. Data were collected using 21 in-depth interviews, participant observation and analysis of venture websites. This study used a two-stage data analysis procedure. Findings Findings reveal that ghost tour operators practice several dimensions of EM that are often simultaneously present and interwoven through the practices ghost tour operators use, as identified by thematic analysis. Originality/value This study adds an EM lens to the light dark tourism literature.

Into the dark – dark stories in the cities of Brežice and Krško in Slovenia as a basis for the future dark tourism products

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lea Kužnik ◽  
Nina Veble
Keyword(s):  
Research Area ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Contemporary History ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Dark Tourism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
Guided Tour ◽  
The City ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Dark tourism has a very long heritage. Compared to the rest of the world, dark tourism in Slovenia is very poorly developed. The theme is therefore a novelty in Slovenia as well as in the Slovenian professional and scientific literature. The purpose of this paper is to identify and describe dark stories of two small cities – Brežice and Krško – in Slovenia. Design/methodology/approach The paper brings ethnographical approach based on the in-depth literature analysis, existing documentation in museums (old newspapers articles, photographs) and fieldwork in Brežice and Krško which contained the method of unstructured interviews with four curators in The Posavje Museum Brežice, The City Museum of Krško and The National Museum of Contemporary History – Brestanica Branch as well as the method of observation with participation in a guided tour of Posavje “witches” in The City Museum of Krško and The Brežice Cemetery. The information for the research was also obtained by conducting ten unstructured interviews with the residents who live nearby “dark places” or are still connected to them. Findings The paper provides practical results as 14 dark stories related to the castles, wars, accidents, murders, paranormal activities and witchcraft were found. These stories could be incorporated into dark tourism. Research limitations/implications Because of the chosen research approach, the research results may lack generalizability. The results refer to a particular area of research. Practical implications The paper includes implications for the development of a new dark tourism product on a basis of dark stories found in the research area. Originality/value The paper fulfills need to identify and study dark stories that can be integrated in dark tourism in Slovenia.

Subjective and confirmatory personal introspections of cultural city holidays

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Gountas ◽  
Sandra Gountas
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
Cultural Experiences ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Research Propositions ◽  
New Research

Purpose – This paper aims to explore tourism consumer’s perceptions of cultural, emotional and behavioural differences. The subjective personal introspection (SPI) approach is used to investigate specific cultural differences which impact tourism satisfaction. It aims to identify the key attributes of cultural tourism satisfaction by comparing three European cities. The cultural attributes are synthesised into a confirmatory personal introspection (CPI), and a provisional research model is proposed. Design/methodology/approach – The research data of the cultural experiences are based on SPI data of “native-visitors” to London and ordinary visitors to Venice and Barcelona. The duration and the travel arrangements are the same for all three cultural experiences. The CPI uses thought experiments to formulate new research propositions. Findings – The SPI results show that the tourism gaze focus can be the cognitive-affective experiences of cultural holidays. Tourism consumer satisfaction is dependent on the quality of natural and man-made attractions and the social-emotional interactions between the hosts and guests in a destination. The three cities in our research, London, Venice and Barcelona, have different micro-cultures and levels of social-emotional interactions vary considerably between them. Overall tourism satisfaction is hypothesised to be influenced by the degree of social interaction and micro-cultural differences. Practical implications – The findings support the usefulness of SPI in tourism consumer research. SPI research findings produce in-depth understandings of the cultural tourism product attributes which cannot be captured in any other way. The personal insights are valuable to marketing professionals because they provide first-hand feedback of consumer’s perceptions over a longer period than a focus group session. The confirmatory introspections are valuable hypotheses to be tested empirically with specific tourism segments to identify product strengths and weaknesses as well as opportunities and threats. Originality/value – The use of SPI and CPI produces original hypotheses of the cultural tourism attributes which influence tourism satisfaction. The paper demonstrates that the tourism gaze can be expanded to investigate the cognitive-affective observations which have a direct effect on tourism satisfaction and decision-making.

scholarly journals Integration of resilience and sustainability: from theory to application

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nebil Achour ◽  
Efthimia Pantzartzis ◽  
Federica Pascale ◽  
Andrew D. F. Price
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
The Political ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Research ◽  
Political Priority ◽  
Sustainability Appraisal ◽  
The Way

Purpose – This study aims to explore the challenges associated with the integration of resilience and sustainability, and propose a workable solution that ensures resilient and sustainable buildings. Recent research outcomes suggest that the number of natural hazards, both environmental and geophysical, will increase due to the effect of global warming. Various approaches have been investigated to reduce environmental degradation and to improve the physical resilience to natural hazards. However, most of these approaches are fragmented and when combined with cultural barriers, they often result into less-efficient assessment tools. Design/methodology/approach – The primary source of information used to develop this paper has been research publications, policy papers, reports and tool guidelines. A set of questions were developed to guide the review which was complemented with information distilled from the HFA 2005-2015 to develop an integration process to evaluate 10 international sustainability appraisal tools. Findings – The major finding of this research is that, from a technical point of view, resilience and sustainability could be integrated. However, it requires a long and thorough process with a multidisciplinary stakeholder team including technical, strategic, social and political parties. A combination of incentives and policies would support this process and help people work towards the integration. The Japanese model demonstrates a successful case in engaging stakeholders in the process which led to the development of a comprehensive appraisal tool, CASBEE®, where resilience and sustainability are integrated. Practical implications – Although data have been sought through literature review (i.e. secondary data), the research is expected to have significant impact, as it provides a clear theoretical foundation and methods for those wishing to integrate resilience within current sustainability appraisal tools or develop new tools. Social implications – This paper provides original concepts that are required to reduce fragmentation in the way resilience and sustainability are addressed. It sets up a new research agenda which has the potential to have a strong impact due the fact that sustainability and resilience are getting higher on the political priority scale. Originality/value – This paper provides findings of an original idea to reduce fragmentation in the way resilience and sustainability are addressed. It sets up a new research agenda which has the potential to have a strong impact due the fact that sustainability and resilience are getting higher on the political priority scale.

Is corporate real estate at a crossroads?

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rob Harris ◽  
Howard Cooke
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Business World ◽  
Workplace Environment ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Corporate Real Estate ◽  
The Uk ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Way

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the way that corporate real estate (CRE) has developed in the UK since the early 1990s. Design/methodology/approach – Review of how various professional bodies, occupiers and landlords have responded to the changing business and workplace environment. Findings – CRE managers and the professional bodies that represent them are at a crossroads. Whilst the business world has evolved since 1990, the CRE sector has not and faces the prospect becoming purely a technical rather than a strategic subject. Originality/value – A review of what has happened and not new research.

FBI and Religion

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Academic Scholarship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Interdisciplinary Assessment ◽  
Civic Religion ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This volume is an interdisciplinary assessment of the relationship between religion and the FBI. We recount the history of the FBI’s engagement with multiple religious communities and with aspects of public or “civic” religion such as morality and respectability. The book presents new research to explain roughly the history of the FBI’s interaction with religion over approximately one century, from the pre-Hoover period to the post-9/11 era. Along the way, the book explores vexed issues that go beyond the particulars of the FBI’s history—the juxtaposition of “religion” and “cult,” the ways in which race can shape the public’s perceptions of religion (and vica versa), the challenges of mediating between a religious orientation and a secular one, and the role and limits of academic scholarship as a way of addressing the differing worldviews of the FBI and some of the religious communities it encounters.

Edible insects and their acceptance in Western Societies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pijus Jauniskis ◽  
Eleni Michopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Cultural Knowledge ◽  
Edible Insects ◽  
Insect Development ◽  
Edible Insect ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
Tourism Experience ◽  
Cultural Sphere ◽  
Self Discovery ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality

This paper examines current literature on edible insect consumption in western culture through an inductive lens, addressing environmental, nutritional, food security, anthropological and psychological aspects of the topic. Findings show that western aversion towards edible insects is deeply psychological and cultural, mostly ignoring the pleasure dimensions such as taste, texture and flavour. The nature of the problem appears to be predominantly social. Results suggest that a beneficial route of introducing edible insects into the western diet could be formed through a societal perspective. Tourism and hospitality can potentially play a big part in the edible insect development. For instance, food as a tourism product can attract visitors from different backgrounds whilst food consumption as a tourism experience subliminally promises an experience of novelty and potential newfound pleasure in food. Food as an integral part of various cultures and local heritages entails local dishes that can be considered ‘cultural artifacts’ and their consumption symbolises the consumption of ‘other’. Tourism experiences can expose an individual to lasting personal change, self-discovery and intellectual development. Hence, taking into consideration that acquiring new cultural knowledge increases openness to experience, it is possible that tourism could contribute to adopting the practice of insect consumption in the western cultural sphere.

Co-workers’ perceptions of and reactions to employee’s involuntary demotion

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 740-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Hennekam ◽  
Subramaniam Ananthram ◽  
Steve McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Informational Justice ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Behavioural Reaction ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
The Way

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how individuals perceive and react to the involuntary demotion of a co-worker in their organisation. Design/methodology/approach The authors draw on 46 semi-structured in-depth interviews (23 dyads) with co-workers of demoted individuals. Findings The findings suggest that an individual’s observation of the demotion of a co-worker has three stages: their perception of fairness, their emotional reaction and their behavioural reaction. The perception of fairness concerned issues of distributive, procedural, interpersonal and informational justice. The emotional responses identified were feelings of disappointment/disillusion, uncertainty, vulnerability and anger. Finally, the behavioural reactions triggered by their emotional responses included expressions of voice, loyalty, exit and adaptation. Originality/value Perceptions of (in)justice perpetrated on others stimulate emotional and behavioural responses, which impacts organisational functioning. Managers should therefore pay attention to the way a demotion is perceived, not only by those directly concerned, but also by co-workers as observers.

scholarly journals Eye-tracking support for architects, conservators, and museologists. Anastylosis as pretext for research and discussion

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Rusnak
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Heritage Management ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Historical Objects ◽  
Conservation Projects ◽  
Sustainable Conservation ◽  
The Way

AbstractConservators, museologists, and architects make extremely complex decisions capable of affecting the way people perceive monuments. One might give this idea deeper consideration while pondering anastylosis. One of the things a designer should do when selecting a method of merging together parts of a damaged monument is answer the question whether the chosen method will facilitate the interest of onlookers in the presented object. In which case will the observers spend most of their time looking at the authentic relic fragments and distinguishing between the old and the new parts? The definitions in force do not explain how to approach this topic. By using eye-tracking research, we can learn how observers look at historical objects that have been reassembled again. By combining the observation of visual behaviours with a survey of people looking at such objects, it is possible to see how the process of classifying what is new and old actually works. This knowledge allows for more conscious approach to heritage management processes. In future, results of eye-tracking experiments should help experts plan sustainable conservation projects. Thanks to knowing the reactions of regular people, one will be able to establish conservation programmes in which the material preservation of a monument will reflect the way in which this object affects contemporary onlookers. Such an approach ought to result in real social and economic benefits.

‘Yr Beast’: Gender Parrhesia and Punk Trans Womanhoods

2021 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-134
Author(s):  
Jay Szpilka
Keyword(s):  
Embodied Experience ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Trans Women ◽  
A Site ◽  
Significant Attention ◽  
The Way

While the subject of women’s activity in historical and contemporary punk scenes has attracted significant attention, the presence of trans women in punk has received comparatively little research, in spite of their increasing visibility and long history in punk. This article examines the conditions for trans women’s entrance in punk and the challenges and opportunities that it offers for their self-assertion. By linking Michel Foucault’s notion of parrhesia with the way trans women in punk do their gender, an attempt is made at showing how the embodied experience of a trans woman making herself heard from the punk stage can serve as a site of ‘gender pluralism’.

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