3D texture parameters for wear scars after severe regime

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorena Deleanu ◽  
Traian Florian Ionescu ◽  
George Catalin Cristea ◽  
Cornel Camil Suciu ◽  
Constantin Georgescu
Keyword(s):  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Wear Scar ◽  
Roughness Parameters ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Functional Parameters ◽  
3D Texture ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Worn Surfaces

Purpose This paper aims to present an analysis of several 3 D texture parameters for the entire wear scars obtained in severe regime, on a four-ball tester. The aim of this analysis is to correlate the tribological parameter as wear scar diameter to texture parameters. Design/methodology/approach Tested lubricants were rapeseed oil, rapeseed oil additivated with 1% Wt nano TiO2 and rapeseed oil additivated with 1%Wt nano ZnO. The severe regime was applied for 1400 rpm and for loads increasing in steps of 50 N, from 500 to 900 N. Several analyzed roughness parameters (height parameters and functional ones) could be related to the evolution of a wear parameter, the wear scar diameter. Comparing the values for neat rapeseed oil and additivated variants, the texture parameters allow for evaluating if the additives protect or not the worn surfaces. Findings Measurements pointed out two groups of roughness parameters: one that has an evolution depending on wear scar diameter (WSD) and load (Sa, St, functional parameters) and one including Ssk that has shown no dependence on load and WSD. Also, the functional parameters Spk and Svk follow in a similar manner the wear parameter, WSD, but Sk is the least dependent on load. For the highest load, amplitude parameters such as Sa and St are following the tendency of WSD. Each lubricant has its particular correlation between wear parameters and texture quality, expressed by the help of a set of roughness parameters. Research limitations/implications Such studies help tribologists to rank lubricants based on a combined analysis with wear parameters and texture parameters. Practical implications The results allow for evaluating new formulated lubricants. Originality/value The study on the quality on worn surfaces introduces the original idea of analyzing the entire wear scar surface (approximated by an ellipse with the axes as those experimentally measured) by the help of a set of 3 D roughness parameters.

Maps of 3D parameters for worn surfaces of composites PA and glass beads sliding on steel

2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catalin Pirvu ◽  
Laura Maftei ◽  
Constantin Georgescu ◽  
Lorena Deleanu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Glass Bead ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Glass Beads ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
3D Texture ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Worn Surfaces

Purpose This paper aims to present the influence of glass bead concentration in a matrix of polyamide on wear and several three-dimensional (3D) parameters of the surface texture when the composite is sliding on steel in dry contact. Design/methodology/approach There were mold disks with the following concentrations in glass beads: 2.5, 5.0, 10, 20, 30 and 50 per cent. The mix of glass beads has diameters in the range of several microns to 50 microns. Tests were done on a pin-on-disk tribotester, in dry regime, for the following parameters: average pressure (1, 2 and 3 MPa) and sliding speed (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m/s). Zones of 500 × 500 μm were investigated from worn tracks generated on the composite disks, and the average values of several 3D texture parameters were analyzed. Findings The authors plotted maps indicating no correlation between the glass bead concentration and the parameters characterizing the surface quality (amplitude parameters and functional parameters). Composites with concentrations of 10[…]30 per cent glass beads generated worn surfaces with better quality as compared to composites with extreme concentrations: low (2.5 and 5 per cent) and high (50 per cent). Practical implications This set of parameters allows for evaluating the influence of regime parameters on the surface quality, by comparing the obtained values before and after sliding, and this evolution of roughness parameters could give recommendations for selecting the friction couple of materials for particular contacts that function with repeated starts and stops. Originality/value The results encourage the researchers to use a set of 3D texture parameters instead of “classical” two-dimensional parameters, the arithmetic mean deviation of the profile, Ra, because this set of parameters better evaluate the surface quality, especially for worn surfaces.

Experimental investigation on the tribological properties of modified carbon nanotubes as the additive in castor oil

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-505
Author(s):  
Shanhua Qian ◽  
Hongyue Wang ◽  
Chuanhui Huang ◽  
Yongwu Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
Wear Scar ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Modified Carbon Nanotubes

Purpose This paper aims to modify carbon nanotubes with oleic acid, and to study the tribological properties of castor oil with modified carbon nanotubes additives. The proper additives are sought for the future engineering application of castor oil. Design/methodology/approach Tribological properties of the castor oils mixed with the modified carbon nanotubes of four mass percentages were investigated using a four-ball testing rig. Coefficient of friction and wear scar diameter were obtained in each test, and the mechanism of modified carbon nanotubes and castor oil was discussed. Findings The results indicated that modified carbon nanotubes had better dispersion in castor oil. Coefficient of friction first increased, then decreased and finally grew stable with the time, and wear scar diameter of steel surface functioned as a first reduced then increased change with the additive mass percentage of modified carbon nanotubes. The minimum of average coefficient of friction and wear scar diameter occurred at 0.02 Wt.% modified carbon nanotubes. Originality/value A small amount of modified carbon nanotubes could improve properties of the castor oil, and the mixed castor oil with 0.02 Wt.% modified carbon nanotubes would be most possibly used in engineering applications.

Study of the effect of overbased calcium or magnesium sulfonate combinated with thiazole derivatives in rapeseed oil on tribological properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 1258-1267
Author(s):  
Juan Tan ◽  
Yanfei Wang ◽  
Mouwu Liu ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxides ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Single Agent ◽  
Lubricant Film ◽  
Thiazole Derivatives ◽  
Alkyl Benzene ◽  
Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Worn Surfaces

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the tribological properties of a thiazole derivatives (T561), overbased alkyl benzene calcium sulfonate (T106A) compounded with T561 and overbased alkyl benzene magnesium sulfonate (T107) compounded with T561 in rapeseed oil (RSO). Design/methodology/approach A four-ball machine was used to evaluate the tribological properties of each compound and their combinations with T561 in RSO. Scanning electron microscopy, EDX and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were applied to analyze the tribofilm formed on the worn surfaces. Findings Results of tribotesting demonstrated that synergistic effects exist between the overbased sulfonates, T106A and T107, and the thiazole derivative, T561. The texts of tribofilm indicated that iron sulfide and iron oxides exist in T561 single agent lubricant film and two composite additives lubricant film, and no sulfates were detected. It suggested that the addition of alkyl benzene sulfonate did not hinder the formation of iron sulfides and iron oxides. Meanwhile, CaSO4 (MgSO4) and CaCO3 (MgCO3) were detected on the worn surface of the composite additives, which were not detected on the single agent friction surface. Originality/value A tribofilm mainly contains CaSO4 (MgSO4) and CaCO3 (MgCO3) formed on the worn surfaces, which is responsible for excellent extreme pressure and anti-wear properties of the compound agents because of their high melting point and high shear stress.

scholarly journals Friction Reduction Capabilities of Silicate Compounds Used in an Engine Lubricant on Worn Surfaces

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devendra Singh ◽  
G. D. Thakre ◽  
L. N. Sivakumar Konathala ◽  
V. V. D. N. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Wear Test ◽  
Magnesium Silicate ◽  
Wear Scar ◽  
Friction Reduction ◽  
Elemental Distribution ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Antiwear Properties ◽  
Worn Surfaces

Effects of magnesium silicate and alumina dispersed in engine lubricant on friction, wear, and tribosurface characteristics are studied under boundary and mixed lubrication conditions. Magnesium silicate and alumina, henceforth called as friction reducing compounds (FRC), were dispersed in engine lubricant in very low concentration of 0.01% weight/volume. Four-ball wear test rig was used to assess friction coefficient and wear scar diameter of balls lubricated with and without FRC based engine lubricant. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) was used to analyse the tribosurface properties and elemental distributions on worn surfaces of the balls. Test results revealed that FRC based engine lubricant increases friction coefficient but marginally reduces wear scar diameter of new balls, whereas, test on the worn-out balls running on FRC based engine lubricants shows 46% reduction in friction coefficient compared to the new balls running on engine lubricants without FRC. Investigations on tribosurfaces with respect to morphology and elemental distribution showed the presence of Si and O elements in micropores of the worn surfaces of the balls, indicating role of FRC in friction coefficient reduction and antiwear properties. These FRC based engine lubricants may be used in the in-use engines.

AFM Investigation of Steels Surfaces Worn in HFRR Tests

2007 ◽  
Vol 537-538 ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Aranyi ◽  
Péter M. Nagy ◽  
Zs. Oláh ◽  
Erika Kálmán
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Steel Ball ◽  
Sulphur Content ◽  
Wear Scar ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Radical Reduction ◽  
Worn Surfaces

Radical reduction of sulphur content in diesel fuel from the mid 90’s had disastrous impact on diesel fuel’s lubricity. Due to the desulphurization process the lubricity of diesel fuel dropped significantly and got crucial nowadays. The lubricity performance of the diesel fuel is evaluated by the HFRR test in Europe. The HFRR value is determined by measuring the equivalent wear scar diameter occurred on the steel ball specimen during the test. The topographies of these wear scars were investigated by AFM and correlation between the morphology of the worn surfaces and the different HFRR values has been found.

The dynamic performance analysis of chevron shape textured hydrodynamic bearings

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gourav Jamwal ◽  
Sanjay Sharma ◽  
R.K. Awasthi
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Equation ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Maximum Enhancement ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Texture Parameters ◽  
Dynamic Performance Analysis ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate the various dynamic performance parameters of hydrodynamic journal bearings. For this, the bearing’s inner surface is textured with chevron-shaped textures with different texture depths and number of textures in different regions/locations. Design/methodology/approach In the present study, the effect of chevron-shaped texture having different values of texture depths, locations and number of textures has been numerically simulated. The dynamic performance characteristics have been calculated by solving the fluid flow governing Reynolds equation using the finite element method, assuming iso-viscous and Newtonian fluid. Findings The obtained results indicate that the bearing stability can be improved with the help of surface texture. Among all the investigated texture locations, the maximum increase in stability threshold speed is observed for fully textured distribution. Moreover, for the chevron-shaped texture considered in the present study, the optimum values of texture depth and number of textures have also been determined for maximum bearing stability. Practical implications While designing, designers should focus on those optimum values of texture depth, texture location and number of textures which lead to maximum enhancement in bearing stability. Originality/value This study is useful in the appropriate selection of chevron-shaped texture parameters on bearing surface for the maximum bearing stability.

Tribological properties of nanometer Al2O3 and nanometer ZnO as additives in lithium-based grease

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 953-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang He ◽  
Zhigang Wang ◽  
Anling Li ◽  
Yachen Guo ◽  
Songfeng Liu
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Wear Scar ◽  
Composite Nanoparticles ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Wear Scar Diameter ◽  
Lithium Grease ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wear And Friction ◽  
Friction Reducing ◽  
Base Grease

Purpose Nanoparticles as the grease additives play an important role in anti-wear and friction-reducing property during the mechanical operation. To improve the lubrication action of grease, the tribological behavior of lithium-based greases with single (nanometer Al2O3 or nanometer ZnO) and composite additives (Al2O3–ZnO nanoparticles) were investigated in this paper. Design/methodology/approach The morphology and microstructure of nanoparticles were characterized by means of transmission electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. Tribological properties of different nanoparticles as additives in lithium-based greases were evaluated using a universal friction and wear testing machine. In addition, the friction coefficient (COF) and wear scar diameter were analyzed. The surface morphology and element overlay of the worn steel surface were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), respectively. Findings The results show that the greases with nanometer Al2O3 or nanometer ZnO and the composite nanoparticles additives both exhibit lower COFs and wear scar diameters than those of base grease. And the grease with Al2O3–ZnO composite nanoparticles possesses much lower COF and shows much better wear resistance than greases with single additives. When the additives contents are 0.4 Wt.% Al2O3 and 0.6 Wt.% ZnO, the composite nanoparticles-based grease exhibits the lowest mean COF (0.04) and wear scar diameter (0.65 mm), which is about 160% and 28% lower than those of base grease, respectively. Originality/value The main innovative thought of this work lies in dealing with the grease using single or composite nanoparticles. And through a serial contrast experiments, the anti-wear and friction-reducing property with different nanoparticles additives in lithium grease are evaluated.

Consumer value creation through WhatsApp use

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-471
Author(s):  
Jorge Cruz-Cárdenas ◽  
Jorge Guadalupe-Lanas ◽  
Ekaterina Zabelina ◽  
Andrés Palacio-Fierro ◽  
Margarita Velín-Fárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Role Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consumer Value ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand in-depth how consumers create value in their lives using WhatsApp, the leading mobile instant messaging (MIM) application. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts the perspective of customer-dominant logic (CDL) and uses a qualitative multimethod design involving 3 focus groups and 25 subsequent in-depth interviews. The research setting was Ecuador, a Latin American country. Findings Analysis and interpretation of the participants’ stories made it possible to identify and understand the creation of four types of value: maintaining and strengthening relationships; improving role performance; emotional support; and entertainment and fun. In addition, the present study proposes a conceptual model of consumer value creation as it applies to MIM. Practical implications Understanding the way consumers create value in their lives using MIM is important not only for organizations that offer MIM applications, but also for those companies that develop other applications for mobile phones or for those who wish to use MIM as an electronic word-of-mouth vehicle. Originality/value The current study is one of the first to address the topic of consumer behavior in the use of technologies from the perspective of CDL; this perspective enables an integrated qualitative vision of value creation in which the consumer is the protagonist.

scholarly journals Advantages and potential challenges of data management in e-maintenance

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arian Razmi-Farooji ◽  
Hanna Kropsu-Vehkaperä ◽  
Janne Härkönen ◽  
Harri Haapasalo
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Maintenance Systems ◽  
Industry Leader ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to understand data management challenges in e-maintenance systems from a holistically viewpoint through summarizing the earlier scattered research in the field, and second, to present a conceptual approach for addressing these challenges in practice. Design/methodology/approach The study is realized as a combination of a literature review and by the means of analyzing the practices on an industry leader in manufacturing and maintenance services. Findings This research provides a general understanding over data management challenges in e-maintenance and summarizes their associated proposed solutions. In addition, this paper lists and exemplifies different types and sources of data which can be collected in e-maintenance, across different organizational levels. Analyzing the data management practices of an e-maintenance industry leader provides a conceptual approach to address identified challenges in practice. Research limitations/implications Since this paper is based on studying the practices of a single company, it might be limited to generalize the results. Future research topics can focus on each of mentioned data management challenges and also validate the applicability of presented model in other companies and industries. Practical implications Understanding the e-maintenance-related challenges helps maintenance managers and other involved stakeholders in e-maintenance systems to better solve the challenges. Originality/value The so-far literature on e-maintenance has been studied with narrow focus to data and data management in e-maintenance appears as one of the less studied topics in the literature. This research paper contributes to e-maintenance by highlighting the deficiencies of the discussion surrounding the perspectives of data management in e-maintenance by studying all common data management challenges and listing different types of data which need to be acquired in e-maintenance systems.

Welcome to the marriage of human capability and artificial intelligence

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Ryan Scott ◽  
Malcolm Le Lievre
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Team Building ◽  
Workplace Change ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Future ◽  
Human Capability ◽  
Mind Set ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Crucial Part ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore insights methodology and technology by using behavioral to create a mind-set change in the way people work, especially in the age of artificial intelligence (AI). Design/methodology/approach The approach is to examine how AI is driving workplace change, introduce the idea that most organizations have untapped analytics, add the idea of what we know future work will look like and look at how greater, data-driven human behavioral insights will help prepare future human-to-human work and inform people’s work with and alongside AI. Findings Human (behavioral) intelligence will be an increasingly crucial part of behaviorally smart organizations, from hiring to placement to adaptation to team building, compliance and more. These human capability insights will, among other things, better prepare people and organizations for changing work roles, including working with and alongside AI and similar tech innovation. Research limitations/implications No doubt researchers across the private, public and nonprofit sectors will want to further study the nexus of human capability, behavioral insights technology and AI, but it is clear that such work is already underway and can prove even more valuable if adopted on a broader, deeper level. Practical implications Much “people data” inside organizations is currently not being harvested. Validated, scalable processes exist to mine that data and leverage it to help organizations of all types and sizes be ready for the future, particularly in regard to the marriage of human capability and AI. Social implications In terms of human capability and AI, individuals, teams, organizations, customers and other stakeholders will all benefit. The investment of time and other resources is minimal, but must include C-suite buy in. Originality/value Much exists on the softer aspects of the marriage of human capability and AI and other workplace advancements. What has been lacking – until now – is a 1) practical, 2) validated and 3) scalable behavioral insights tech form that quantifiably informs how people and AI will work in the future, especially side by side.

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