“Made in China”: the displacement effect of China on Egyptian textile exports

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assem Abu Hatab
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Export Growth ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Displacement Effect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Export Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Made In China

Purpose A growing number of studies indicate that the export growth of China’s textiles poses serious threats to many developing countries. The purpose of this paper is to empirically measure the extent to which the export growth of Chinese textiles has come at the expense of Egyptian textiles exports in third importing markets. Design/methodology/approach To measure this effect, an augmented gravity model equation was estimated using annual data covering the period 1994-2012 on Egyptian and Chinese textile exports to traditional importers of Egyptian textiles. Findings The empirical results suggest that Egyptian textiles are vulnerable to competitive threat posed by China, especially in the EU and US markets. In contact, Egyptian textile exports have moved hand-in-hand with Chinese textile exports to Asian markets. Moreover, the results suggest that the expiration of the Multi-fiber Agreement in 2005 has exposed Egyptian textile exports to fierce completion with China and resulted in declines in Egypt’s textile exports to the world. However, the trade agreements that Egypt signed with the world countries have given Egypt a competitive edge in major importing regions and mitigated the negative impacts of China in the post-2005 period. Finally, the paper argues that unless Egypt adjusts and develops its textile sector in response to such heightened competition from China, Egyptian textile exports undoubtedly would further be negatively impacted. Research limitations/implications In this study, Egypt’s textile products are aggregated to one group and analyzed as a whole, “textile exports.” Further research using a more disaggregated level of data would offer deeper insights into the impacts of China on Egyptian textile exports. Originality/value The contribution of this paper is twofold: first, it adds to the growing literature aiming to understand the impacts of China’s growth on developing countries exports by providing a case study of Egyptian textile export sector. Second, the policy implications drawn from this paper could be useful to Egyptian policy makers and stakeholders to address and respond to the competitiveness challenges posed by China to the Egyptian textile industry.

How to do business in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 36-38
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Reading Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business People ◽  
The World ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Specific Culture ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings It is said that Latin America is one of the hardest places in which to do business, and within Latin America as well as considering the differing challenges that Argentina or Columbia may present, Brazil is perhaps the most difficult place to go to in order to develop trade and commercial agreements. In addition to the different language as compared to the rest of the region, there is a very specific culture and life view that will be wholly alien to many business people, whether they are from developed or developing countries around the world. Practical implications The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Financial literacy and its determinants: the case of rural farm households in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martinson Ankrah Twumasi ◽  
Yuansheng Jiang ◽  
Salina Adhikari ◽  
Caven Adu Gyamfi ◽  
Isaac Asare
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Financial Literacy ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Community Group ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rural Dwellers

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the determinants of rural dwellers financial literacy in Ghana.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional primary data set was used to estimate the factors influencing rural farm households' financial literacy using the IV-Tobit model.FindingsThe findings reveal that most rural residents are financially illiterate. The econometrics model results depicted that respondents' socioeconomic and demographic characteristics such as gender, income, age and education significantly affect financial literacy. Again, respondents who are risk seekers and listen or watch education programs are more likely to be financially literate.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper examined the determinants of rural dwellers financial literacy in four regions in Ghana. Future research should consider all or many regions for an informed generalization of findings.Practical implicationsThis paper provides evidence that rural dwellers are financially illiterate and it would require the policymakers or non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to establish a village or community group that comprises a wide range of bankers and government officials to help rural dwellers acquire some financial skills. Also, the positive relationship between media (whether respondent watches or listens to educational programs) and financial literacy implies that policymakers should focus on improving individuals' financial knowledge through training programs and utilize the media as a channel to propagate financial education to the public.Originality/valueAlthough previous studies have examined the determinants of financial literacy, little is known in developing countries and, in particular, rural communities. The authors fill this gap by contributing to the scanty existing literature in developing countries in several ways. First, this is the first study to examine the financial literacy level of rural dwellers in Ghana. Second, to not undermine the credibility of the estimation results, this study addresses the potential endogeneity issue, which other researchers have not adequately recognized. Finally, the study expands the scant literature on the subject and provides critical policy implications that will help policymakers formulate financial market policies that will contribute to rural dwellers financial literacy enhancement.

Impact of trade facilitation reforms on tax revenue

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 765-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sena Kimm Gnangnon
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Trade Facilitation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the empirical literature of the macroeconomic effect of trade facilitation reforms by examining the impact of the latter on tax revenue in both developed and developing countries. The relevance of the topic lies on the fact that at the Bali Ministerial Conference of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 2013, Trade Ministers agreed for the first time since the creation of the WTO (in 1995) on an Agreement to facilitate trade around the world, dubbed Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA). The study considers both at-the-border and behind-the border measures of Trade Facilitation. Design/methodology/approach To conduct this study, the authors rely on the literature related to the structural factors that explain tax revenue mobilization. The authors mainly use within fixed effects estimator. The analysis relies on 102 countries (of which 23 industrial countries) over the period 2004-2007 (based on data availability). A focus has also been made on African countries, within the sample of developing countries. Findings The empirical analysis suggests evidence of a positive and significant effect of trade facilitation reforms on non-resources tax revenue, irrespective of the sample of countries considered in the analysis. Research limitations/implications This finding should contribute to dampening the fear of policymakers in developing countries, including Africa that the implementation of the TFA would entail higher costs, without necessarily being associated with higher benefits. An avenue for future research would be to extend the period of the study when data would be available. Originality/value To the best of the authors knowledge, this study had not been performed in the literature of the determinants of tax revenue mobilization, although fact-based analysis was performed.

Managing the Recycling Business in Istanbul

2017 ◽  
pp. 205-226
Author(s):  
Nuray Cakirli ◽  
Aytug Sozuer
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Waste Management Policy ◽  
Inclusive Approach ◽  
Waste Pickers

The global waste market is estimated at US$410 billion a year and growing, while only 25 per cent of total waste is known as recovered and recycled. Besides, this figure does not include the informal segment in which around 20 million people work as waste pickers in developing countries. Solid waste management policy and recycling practices differ among certain parts of the world to a large extent. Industrialized countries generally have formal and automated waste management systems, whereas developing countries rely on the informal sector. In Istanbul, which is one of the few megacities in the world appear to be at the crossroad of a policy choice. Authorities will either privatize the recycling business for large firms or try to follow more inclusive approach for more than 100,000 waste pickers in the city. Based on the literature, this study will review the formal waste management systems and describe the integration of informal recycling sector in particular world regions that may have policy implications for Istanbul.

Complex network analysis for international talent mobility based on bibliometrics

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-435
Author(s):  
Yinqiu Wang ◽  
Hui Luo ◽  
Yunyan` Shi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Complex Network ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Bibliometric Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Negative Factor ◽  
The World

Purpose This paper aims to explore international talent mobility and identify its negative/positive factors. Design/methodology/approach Bibliometric data from Scopus are explicated to model the mobility network and providing a more comprehensive posture. In addition, by using indicators of complex network, significant features of international talent mobility are described quantitatively. After that, by introducing a kind of improved gravity model with multiple linear regression, the authors identify factors to explain international talent mobility flows. Findings With the analysis of international talent mobility in complex network, the overall network is not balanced. A small part of developed countries and developing countries with good emergency attract and drain a lot of talents and talents usually moving between these countries, the amount of talents leaving or entering into other countries is very limited. Furthermore, according to multiple linear regression, it is found that the share of migrants in population is the major negative factor for international talent mobility, and the factors of destination countries is more significant than original countries. Originality/value The result of this paper may support further research studies and political suggestions for cultivating, attracting and retaining scientific and technological talents in the world.

Impact of liquidity and financial leverage on firm’s profitability – an empirical analysis of the textile industry of Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asif Hussain Samo ◽  
Hadeeqa Murad
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Financial Leverage ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Textile Sector

Purpose This study aims to determine the impact of liquidity and financial leverage on the profitability, using a sample of 40 selected publicly quoted companies in the textile sector of the Pakistani economy. Design/methodology/approach Through quantitative approach, pooled panel regression and descriptive statistics models are used by taking annual data of Pakistan’s textile sectors from 2006 to 2016. Secondary data has been gathered from financial statements of the firms. Findings The results revealed that there is a positive relationship between liquidity and profitability and negative relationship between financial leverage and profitability. The results for liquidity measure CR revealed positive strong impact on ROA and the financial leverage measure D_E ratio showed negative but not strong impact on ROA. The other part of result concluded that there is a positive strong impact of C_R on ROE too and D_E has a negative impact on ROE. Research limitations/implications The results are showing the impact among these ratios for the textile sector of Pakistan only. Practical implications This study can help higher management of textile firms firm in decision-making stating clearly about how to perform well to enhance financial health of company, which can encourage investors to invest in companies having sound market standing. Originality/value This study takes the latest empirical data with different analysis technique.

Impediments affecting the curbing of illicit financial flows of organised crime in developing economies

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Sotande
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Organised Crime ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Periodic Review ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Serious Crime ◽  
Illicit Financial Flows

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the treats hindering war against illicit financial flows of organised crime in developing economies and Nigeria in particular. The examination shows that the impediments facing the fight against money laundering and organised crime financial flows vary from one country to another. It may be lesser in developed economies where most instruments, treaties and best practice recommendations to curb serious crime originated from. However, the impediments against the proceeds of organised crime in developing economies are overwhelming. Design/methodology/approach The research methodology adopted was qualitative analysis. This was applied through the use and analysis of documents and expert interviews. Findings The impediments jeopardising the success against organised crime and other related serious crime financial flows in developing economies are devastating. Consequently, the study offered some policy implications to help mitigate these impediments in developing countries. The dynamics and the phenomena of organised crime business model are operated with ingenious strategies within the global states. Therefore, staying in control of the menace and the threats originated from the organised criminal activities would require periodic review of the global initiatives, standards and strategies deployed by the standard setters to combat organised crime and its financial flows in developing and evolving economies. Additionally, the implementing countries should be carried along and allow to make inputs when such initiatives and standards are being developed. Social implications In Nigeria, there is a clear evidence of “collateral damage” in terms of social justice as result of financial exclusion of many bankable adults of the country that do not possess unique identities for account opening documentation and customer due diligence of the Financial Action Task Force recommendation 10. Originality/value There have been quite a number of studies on organised crime and still fewer have recognised the need to explore the success or failure of combating the proceeds of crime in developing economies. This study provides answer to these gaps by screening associated risks of fighting the proceeds of organised crime in developing countries and Nigeria in particular.

Telehealth use will suffer global divergence for years

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Personal Health Information ◽  
World Health ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Virtual Technology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Industry Collaboration ◽  
The World ◽  
Regulatory Bodies

Subject Telehealth outlook. Significance The World Health Organisation (WHO) defines telehealth as involving the use of telecommunications and virtual technology to deliver healthcare outside of traditional facilities. Telehealth is becoming a critical tool for addressing health inequalities but how it is accessed varies widely between developed and developing countries. Impacts Rural parts of developing countries will lag the most on telehealth due to infrastructure gaps. Greater cross-industry collaboration is needed on privacy safeguards for personal health information. Developing-country health systems will face pressure to develop accreditation and regulatory bodies specifically for telehealth.

Global trajectories, dynamics, and tendencies of business software piracy

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 780-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Rodríguez Andrés ◽  
Simplice Asongu
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Software Piracy ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Panel Data Models ◽  
Dynamic Panel ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data Models ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Business Software ◽  
The World

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine global trajectories, dynamics, and tendencies of software piracy to ease the benchmarking of current efforts toward harmonizing the standards and enforcements of intellectual property rights (henceforth IPRs) protection worldwide. Design/methodology/approach For that purpose, the authors estimate dynamic panel data models for 99 countries over the period 1994-2010. Findings The main finding suggest that, a genuine timeframe for standardizing IPRs laws in the fight against software piracy is most feasible within a horizon of 4.3-10.4 years. In other words, full (100 percent) convergence within the specified timeframe will mean the enforcements of IPRs regimes without distinction of nationality or locality within identified fundamental characteristics of software piracy. The absence of convergence (in absolute and conditional terms) for the World panel indicates that, blanket policies may not be effective unless they are contingent on the prevailing trajectories, dynamics and tendencies of software piracy. Policy implications and caveats are also discussed. Originality/value It is the first attempt to empirically assess the convergence of IPRs systems across countries.

scholarly journals Property rights institutions and bank performance across countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walaa Wahid ElKelish ◽  
Jon Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Bank Performance ◽  
Political Structure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The World

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the quality of property rights institutions (PRIs) and bank financial performance in an empirical study of 136 countries over the period 1999-2006. Design/methodology/approach – The quality of PRIs and financial accounting-based measures of bank performance are obtained from the Economic Freedom of the World Project (Gwartney et al., 2006), the Polity IV Project, the World Bank data indicators database, and the International Monetary Fund. Several multiple regression analyses are conducted to test the study hypotheses. Findings – The results reveal that the quality of legal structure and security of PRIs positively (negatively) affects both bank cost efficiency (inefficiency) and profitability. The presence of a quality political structure negatively (positively) affects bank cost efficiency (inefficiency). The quality of political structure has no direct impact on bank profitability. The impact of PRIs on bank cost efficiency is more evident in the upper middle and high income group of countries than in the low and lower middle income group of countries. An appropriate level of PRI quality is essential to achieve both competition and development. Practical implications – The paper highlights policy implications for international policy makers, regulators, and the management of banks who are interested in banking sector development across countries. Originality/value – The study investigates the fundamental importance of PRI quality in its effect on the banking sector and extends the largely US-focused literature to a broader international setting.

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