scholarly journals Psychopathic Processing and Personality Assessment (PAPA): exploring factor structure

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lewis ◽  
Jane Ireland ◽  
Carol Ireland ◽  
Gail Derefaka ◽  
Kimberley McNeill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Personality Assessment ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adult Men ◽  
Emotional Detachment ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Forensic Sample

Purpose This paper aims to assess whether the factor structure of the Psychopathic Processing and Personality Assessment (PAPA) could be confirmed in a large community sample (n = 1,850), comprising three subsamples of adult men (n = 189, 248 and 198) and women (n = 499, 469 and 247). It was predicted that the four-factor solution originally proposed in earlier studies (i.e. dissocial tendencies, emotional detachment, disregard for others, lack of sensitivity to emotion) would be replicated and produce a multi-dimensional structure consistent across sex. Design/methodology/approach This study explored the structure of the newly developed PAPA among a non-forensic sample. Findings Although exploratory analysis indicated a four-factor solution, the structure was different with “lack of sensitivity to emotion” being replaced by “responsiveness to perceived aggression.” Confirmatory analyses supported this structure among women, yet a three-factor structure was preferred for men that excluded emotional detachment. Research limitations/implications This study highlights the importance of attending to sex differences when assessing for psychopathy. Originality/value This is the first confirmatory factor analysis completed on the PAPA, with the findings conveying its value when assessing for psychopathic traits among a community sample.

Dimensional Structure of the Arabic Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale Adapted From its English Form

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 (6) ◽  
pp. 2597-2616
Author(s):  
Lakshmi Narayanan ◽  
Nasser Said Gomaa Abdelrasheed ◽  
Ramzi Naim Nasser ◽  
Shanker Menon
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Positive Affect ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Private University ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Structure Model ◽  
Item Fit ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

The purpose of this study was to examine the dimensional structure of the Arabic version of the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule using a sample of undergraduate students from a private university in the Sultanate of Oman. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to test four preconceptualized item-fit models: a one-factor structure model, a two-factor model using a factor structure of items converging on Positive Affect and Negative Affect, a correlated two-factor model, and finally the correlated three-factor model. Strongest support was found for the correlated two-factor model. A recent study provided further evidence of the robust structure of the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule using the two-factor model. This study tested the model in a non-Western culture and a population that was very different from that in previous studies. The implications of these findings and recommendations are discussed herein.

Measuring the Meaning of Miscarriage: Revision of the Impact of Miscarriage Scale

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn S. Huffman ◽  
Kristen Swanson ◽  
Mary R. Lynn
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Original Structure ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Impact

Background and Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine a factor structure for the Impact of Miscarriage Scale (IMS). The 24 items comprising the IMS were originally derived from a phenomenological study of miscarriage in women. Initial psychometric properties were established based on a sample of 188 women (Swanson, 1999a). Method: Data from 341 couples were subjected to confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Results: CFA did not confirm the original structure. EFA explained 57% of the variance through an 18-item, 4-factor structure: isolation and guilt, loss of baby, devastating event, and adjustment. Except for the Adjustment subscale, Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were ≥.78. Conclusion: Although a 3-factor solution is most defensible, with further refinement and additional items, the 4th factor (adjustment) may warrant retention.

Polish adaptation of the Geneva Emotional Music Scale: Factor structure and reliability

2020 ◽  
pp. 030573562092747
Author(s):  
Maria Chełkowska-Zacharewicz ◽  
Maciej Janowski
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Polish Adaptation ◽  
Being Moved

One of the most popular measurement tools used in music-emotion studies is the Geneva Emotional Music Scale (GEMS). The authors conducted a series of studies on Polish samples to confirm the factor structure and the reliability of the Polish adaptation of the GEMS (GEMS-PL). Study 1 ( n = 262) revealed in the confirmatory factor analysis a good fit for both 9- and 10-factor models, with an indication to a better fit of the 10-factor solution. Additional statistical analyses were performed to explore the differences in the number of factors between the GEMS-PL and the original GEMS. Study 2 ( n = 944) performed in laboratory and Internet settings, confirmed the 10-factor model and revealed that all obtained scales had high reliability. The GEMS-PL scales peacefulness, tenderness, tension, joyful activation, nostalgia, sadness, power, transcendence, and wonder correspond with the original GEMS. The additional scale being moved abstracted from the sadness factor is discussed in the context of possible linguistic differences and growing literature on the state of being moved.

Job perfectionism scale: factor structure and interpretation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Zolotareva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Job Experience ◽  
Test Norms ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nomological Validity

The aim of this study was to examine the factor structure of the job perfectionism scale assessing positive and negative tendencies of striving for professional excellence. The participants were 157 adult employees (47.8 % females). The mean age of the sample was 43.32 (SD=12.89) and the mean years of job experience was 22.29 (SD=12.26). The Cronbach’s alpha values were 0.82 and 0.83 for the positive job perfectionism scale and the negative job perfectionism scale, respectively. The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported a two-dimensional structure of the questionnaire with significant negative correlation between the positive job perfectionism scale and the negative job perfectionism scale, suggesting construct and nomological validity. To standardize the questionnaire, test norms for the job perfectionism scale were developed. Thus, the job perfectionism scale is a reliable and valid measure assessing positive and negative tendencies of striving for professional excellence among Russian employees.

Measuring the components of visitor experience on a mountain attraction: the case of the Nordkette, Tyrol, Austria

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ady Milman ◽  
Anita Zehrer ◽  
Asli D.A. Tasci
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Customer Experience ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Visitor Experience ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Previous mountain tourism research addressed economic, environmental, social and political impacts. Because limited studies evaluated visitors’ perception of their experience, this study aims to examine the tangible and intangible visitor experience in a Tyrolean alpine tourist attraction. Design/methodology/approach The study adopted Klaus and Maklan’s (2012) customer experience model, suggesting that customers base their experience perception on the quality of product experience, outcome focus, moments of truth and peace-of-mind. Their model was used to validate the impact on overall customer experience quality at the mountain attraction through conducting a structured survey with 207 face-to-face interviews on-site. Findings The results of the confirmatory factor analysis did not confirm the four-dimensional structure, probably due to the differences between mountain tourism experience and the mortgage lending experience in the original study. Instead, principal component analysis suggested a different dimensional structure of components that were arbitrarily named as functional, social, comparative and normative aspects of the visitors’ experience. Research limitations/implications The results are based on a sample in a given period of time, using convenience sampling. While the sample size satisfied the data analysis requirements, confirmatory factor analysis would benefit from a larger sample size. Practical implications Consumer experience dimensions while visiting a mountain attraction may not be concrete or objective, and consequently may yield different types of attributes that influence behavior. Social implications The social exchange theory could explain relationships between visitors and service providers and their consequences. Attraction managers should increase benefits for visitors and service providers to enhance their relationships, and thus experience. Originality/value The study explored the applicability of an existing experiential consumption model in a mountain attraction context. The findings introduce a revised model that may be applicable in other tourist attractions.

General decision making style: evidence from India

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Verma ◽  
Santosh Rangnekar
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Voluntary Participation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Decision Making Styles ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine applicability of the general decision-making style (GDMS) inventory in India, using a sample of managers. In addition the authors identify various decision-making styles (DMS) of Indian managers and explore their association with respondents’ gender, age, education, experience level, annual income, sector, industry and organizational output. Design/methodology/approach – The sample consisted responses of 500 Indian managers from public (13 percent) and private (87 percent) sector organizations. The data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, independent sample t-tests and ANOVA. Findings – All decision-making sub scales (rational, intuitive, dependent, avoidant and spontaneous) had satisfactory reliabilities and internal consistencies. Results obtained factor structure that confirmed the original five-factor structure of GDMS. There were also mutual correlations among the styles. Moreover, there were significant differences in the DMS across respondents’ profile variables. Research limitations/implications – This research is based upon survey method and voluntary participation. Hence one can question generalization of findings to larger samples. Practical implications – Results provide insights into DMS of the Indian managers. Organizations may use GDMS as a selection tool, respondents may hone their DMS. Originality/value – A majority of researchers use survey without evaluating validity of the instruments in the selected context and sample. This research contributed to the literature and practice by testing validation of the GDMS inventory in India.

Contribution for the Portuguese validation of the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales (DASS-21): Comparison between dimensional models in a sample of students

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S416-S416 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Xavier ◽  
M. João Martins ◽  
A.T. Pereira ◽  
A. Paula Amaral ◽  
M. João Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
College Education ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Depression Subscale ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionThe Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales are widely used in clinical and non-clinical populations, both in research and clinical settings. The need for briefer but valid and reliable instruments has motivated the reduction of the original 42-item scale to a short 21-version. On Portuguese samples, Pais-Ribeiro et al. (2004) found that the original 3-factor solution (stress, anxiety and depression) explained 50.35% of the variance and in an exploratory analysis; Xavier et al. (2015) presented a two factor solution and a modified three-factor solution with a sample of pregnant women, both with adequate factors’ reliability (< 0.70) and explaining above 50% of the variance.AimsBased on the previous results of factor analysis with Portuguese samples, the present study aimed to perform confirmatory factor analyses (using Mplus software) to evaluate which dimensional structure best fitted the data.MethodsThe sample comprised 234 students (78.2% female), between 18–26 years old (M = 20.55; SD = 1.66). Eighty-five percent of the participants were on their first three years of college education. Participants filled the Portuguese version of the DASS-21.ResultsOur results showed that the original 3-factor structure had the best model fit [χ2(186) = 475.465, P < 0.05; RMSEA = 0.082, 90% CI = 0.073–0.091; CFI = 0.918; TLI = 0.908; SRMR = 0.05]. Good reliability was found for all subscales (0.92 for stress, 0.87 for anxiety and 0.91 for depression subscale).ConclusionsThe DASS-21 is a reliable instrument that, with student populations, seems to have better performance when used with a 3-factor structure. Further research is needed to confirm this structure in Portuguese clinical samples.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Sensory Processing in ASD and ADHD: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlyn Mary Ann Parks ◽  
Samantha Schulz ◽  
Christina G McDonnell ◽  
Evdokia Anagnostou ◽  
Robert Nicolson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Sensory Information ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Daily Functioning ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Multiple Modalities ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Difficulties related to sensory processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and attention/deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can manifest within multiple modalities and impact daily functioning. We examined the factor structure of the Short Sensory Profile in ASD and ADHD (N=517). A seven-factor structure held for ASD and ADHD however, differences were found in responses to the sensory measure. At the subscale level, a two-factor structure emerged in ASD, while a single-factor solution emerged in ADHD. Although there are differences in the way those with ASD and ADHD process sensory information, a single inventory can be used to describe processing patterns in both groups. Establishing the shared and non-shared features of sensory processing may have the potential to inform more targeted clinical approaches.

The Cognitive Map of Occupations: Factor Structure in a Spanish Sample

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Teresa Muñoz Sastre ◽  
Etienne Mullet ◽  
Christèle Semin
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Cognitive Map ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Correlated Factors ◽  
Three Factor

Summary: The present work was aimed at assessing the factorial structure of Gottfredson's (1981) cognitive map of occupations. Participants, 500 Spanish pupils aged 14 years, were presented 129 occupations derived from Shinar's (1975) questionnaire, and asked to rate each occupation on one of 10 different scales derived from Gottfredson 's work: femininity, masculinity, prestige, income, realistic, research, artistic, social, entrepreneurial, and conventional. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted on the 129 × 10 matrix of means. The best solution was found to be a three-factor solution, with an independent social status factor and two correlated factors: gender and creativity.

The Psychobiosocial States (PBS-S) Scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 658-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Montse C. Ruiz ◽  
Claudio Robazza ◽  
Asko Tolvanen ◽  
Juri Hanin
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Core State ◽  
Practice Session ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Feeling States ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Perceived Impact

Abstract. This study examined the factor structure and reliability of the Psychobiosocial States (PBS-S) scale in the assessment of situational performance-related experiences. We administered the scale to 483 Finnish athletes before a practice session to assess the intensity and perceived impact of their performance-related feeling states. The hypothesized two-factor structure indicating functional effects (10 items) and dysfunctional effects (10 items) toward performance was examined via exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Regarding the intensity and perceived impact dimensions of reported states, ESEM and CFA showed a good fit for a two-factor solution of a 14-item PBS-S scale (seven functional and seven dysfunctional items). For both intensity and impact ratings, core state functional modalities were bodily, cognitive, and volitional, while core state dysfunctional modalities were volitional, operational, and anxiety. Findings support the use of a 14-item PBS-S scale to measure a range of preperformance states.

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