Cataloging the 3D web: the availability of educational 3D models on the internet

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Groenendyk
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
3D Model ◽  
3D Models ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Content Type ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Aided Design

Purpose – The number of 3D models available on the internet to both students and educators is rapidly expanding. Not only are the 3D model collections of popular websites like Thingiverse.com growing, organizations such as the Smithsonian Institution and NASA have also recently begun to build collections of 3D models and make these openly accessible online. Yet, even with increased interest in 3D printing and 3D scanning technologies, little is known about the overall structure of the 3D models available on the internet. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach – To initiate this project, a list was built of 33 of the most widely used 3D model websites on the internet. Freely downloadable models, as well as models available for purchase or as 3D printed objects were included in the list. Once the list of 33 websites was created, the data for each individual 3D model in the collections was manually assembled and recorded. The titles of the 3D models, keywords, subject headings, license information, and number of views and downloads were recorded, as this information was available. The data were gathered between January and May 2015, and compiled into a CSV database. To determine how online 3D model content relates to a variety of educational disciplines, relevant subject terms for a variety of educational disciples were extracted from the EBSCO database system. With this list of subject terms in hand, the keywords in the CSV database of model information were searched for each of the subject terms, with an automated process using a Perl script. Findings – There have been many teachers, professors, librarians and students who have purchased 3D printers with little or no 3D modelling skills. Without these skills the owners of these 3D printers are entirely reliant on the content created and freely shared by others to make use of their 3D printers. As the data collected for this research paper shows, the vast majority of open 3D model content available online pertains to the professions already well versed in 3D modelling and Computer Aided Design design, such as engineering and architecture. Originality/value – Despite that fact that librarians, teachers and other educators are increasingly using technologies that rely on open 3D model content as educational tools, no research has yet been done to assess the number of 3D models available online and what educational disciplines this content relates to. This paper attempts to fill this gap, providing an overview of the size of this content, the educational disciplines this content relates to and who has so far been responsible for developing this content. This information will be valuable to librarians and teachers currently working with technology such as 3D printers and virtual reality, as well as those considering investing in this technology.

Exploring 3D Modelling of Architectural Plan using Camera Tracing

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Shylesh Kumar ◽  
◽  
Shiva Ji
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Idea Generation ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
The Right ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Design Ideas ◽  
Computational Technology

With the advent of technology, architecture has also benefitted by applying tools and equipment instead of conventional manual works. Computational technology has come to the aid of the design process. There is a shift from hand drawing to computer-aided design. Drawing had become more of a tool to explore design ideas and express proposed solutions. The coordination between hand and mind will remain superior until those tools progress. The physical human conditional gesture continues with reliability and is still relevant in idea generation and presentations. But in recent years, technology has driven architectural computing into a new exploratory domain. This research aims on building a procedural 3D model using a pixel-based tracing of the sketch of an architectural plan. The proposed method blurs the line between hand sketching and CAD, thus providing a quicker solution in visualizing the design. The point generated by vectorizing the bitmap data is used to achieve the desired curve. It is all done in a fully parametric model where the user has control over the properties for modeling. Finally, we validate our result with a study in which we compare the conventional modeling tools and establish a system to build the 3D model from an architectural plan. This study helps in believing that CAD and hand drawing could perfectly coexist and finding the right balance in architectural design.

scholarly journals Problems of Creation and Usage of 3D Model of Structures and Theirs Possible Solution

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalibor Bartonek ◽  
Michal Buday
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Special Cad ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
The Church

This article describes problems that occur when creating three-dimensional (3D) building models. The first problem is geometric accuracy; the next is the quality of visualization of the resulting model. The main cause of this situation is that current Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software does not have sufficient means to precision mapping the measured data of a given object in field. Therefore the process of 3D model creation is mainly a relatively high proportion of manual work when connecting individual points, approximating curves and surfaces, or laying textures on surfaces. In some cases, it is necessary to generalize the model in the CAD system, which degrades the accuracy and quality of field data. The article analyzes these problems and then recommends several variants for their solution. There are described two basic methods: using topological codes in the list of coordinates points and creating new special CAD features while using Python scripts. These problems are demonstrated on examples of 3D models in practice. These are mainly historical buildings in different locations and different designs (brick or wooden structures). These are four sacral buildings in the Czech Republic (CR): the church of saints Johns of Brno-Bystrc, the Church of St. Paraskiva in Blansko, further the Strejc’s Church in Židlochovice, and Church of St. Peter in Alcantara in Karviná city. All of the buildings were geodetically surveyed by terrestrial method while using total station. The 3D model was created in both cases in the program AUTOCAD v. 18 and MicroStation.

Photolithography-free PDMS stamps for paper microdevice fabrication

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Hunter Montgomery ◽  
Kelsey Phelan ◽  
Sawyer D. Stone ◽  
Francois Decuir ◽  
Bryant C. Hollins
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Pdms Stamp ◽  
Content Type ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Functional Channel ◽  
On Chip ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Good Agreement

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the applicability of 3D-printed molds to be used as a substitute for photolithography in the formation of polymer-based stamps. It proposes leveraging 3D printing as a rapid prototyping tool to be applied to microfluidic fabrication. Design/methodology/approach Different designs are created using computer-aided design (CAD) software and printed via Makerbot 3D printer. The molds serve as negative reliefs for a PDMS stamp. The stamp is used to apply paraffin wax to chromatography paper, creating hydrophobic barriers and hydrophilic channels. The minimum functional channel widths and barrier widths are determined for the method. Findings The method is demonstrated to be effective for bypassing the more cost-prohibitive photolithography approach for rapid paper microdevice fabrication. This approach produces functional channels that can be used for on-chip analytical assays. The minimum functional barrier widths and minimum functional channel widths are in good agreement with other published methods for paper-based microchannel fabrication. Research limitations/implications The approach cannot generate the high-resolution structures possible with photolithography. Therefore, if higher resolutions are needed for a particular application, this approach is not the best. Practical implications The simplicity of the approach introduces an affordable method to create disposable devices that can be used at the point of testing. Originality/value The paper satisfies a need for inexpensive, rapid prototyping of paper-based devices. The method is simple and can be used as a tool for introducing labs to microfluidics research.

Method for characterization and enhancement of 3D printing by binder jetting applied to the textures quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Gardan
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Binder Jetting

Purpose This paper aims to present a technical approach to evaluate the quality of textures obtained by an inkjet during binder jetting in 3D printing on a powder bed through contours detection to improve the quality of the surface printed according to the result of the assembly between the inkjet and a granular product. Design/methodology/approach The manufacturing process is based on the use of computer-aided design and a 3D printer via binder jetting. Image processing measures the edge deviation of a texture on the granular surface with the possibility of implementing a correction in an active assembly through a “design for manufacturing” (DFM) approach. Example application is presented through first tests. Findings This approach observes a shape alteration of the printed image on a 3D printed product, and the work used the image processing method to improve the model according to the DFM approach. Originality/value This paper introduces a solution for improving the texture quality on 3D printed products realized via binder jetting. The DFM approach proposes an active assembly by compensating the print errors in upstream of a product life cycle.

scholarly journals Effect of Fabrication Method on Fracture Strength of Provisional Implant-Supported Fixed Dental Prostheses

Prosthesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-332
Author(s):  
Kelly M. Suralik ◽  
Jie Sun ◽  
Chia-Yu Chen ◽  
Sang J. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Fracture Force ◽  
Fixed Dental Prosthesis ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
Fixed Dental Prostheses ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Post Hoc

There has been an increase in utilizing 3D printers in dental restorations. The purpose of the study is to compare mechanical properties of 3D-printed prostheses to those of self-cured and/or computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorations. A metal master typodont was prepared for the mandibular left sextant with implant analogs embedded at the first premolar and first molar positions with a missing second premolar. Three-unit provisional fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) was designed utilizing the 3Shape tooth library and forty-five uniform specimens were fabricated with different materials: self-cured poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) (N = 15), milled PMMA CAD-CAM blocks (N = 15) and 3D-printed resin (N = 15). All specimens were tested using an Instron machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min by an axial load on the occlusal surface of the second premolar pontic site. Statistical analysis was completed with Shapiro-Wilk, ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests. Mean fracture force was 300.61 N, 294.64 N and 408.49 N for self-cured PMMA, milled PMMA and 3D-printed resin, respectively. Mean force at FDP fracture of 3D-printed resin was significantly greater than the mean fracture force of either self-cured (p = 0.016, 95% CI [17.86, 197.91]) or milled (p = 0.010, 95% CI [23.83, 203.88]) PMMA.

scholarly journals 3D Printing beyond Dentistry during COVID 19 Epidemic: A Technical Note for Producing Connectors to Breathing Devices

Prosthesis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Cavallo ◽  
Antonia Marcianò ◽  
Marco Cicciù ◽  
Giacomo Oteri
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Digital Workflow ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cad Cam ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Dental Professional ◽  
Respiratory Devices ◽  
Aided Design

(1) Background: To mitigate the shortage of respiratory devices during the Covid-19 epidemic, dental professional volunteers can contribute to create printed plastic valves, adapting the dental digital workflow and converting snorkeling masks in emergency CPAP (continuous positive airways pressure) devices. The objective of this report was to provide the specific settings to optimize printing with the 3D printers of the dental industry. (2) Methods: In order to provide comprehensive technical notes to volunteer dental professionals interested in printing Charlotte and Dave connectors to breathing devices, the entire digital workflow is reported. (3) Results: The present paper introduces an alternative use of the dental Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAD/CAM) machinery, and reports on the fabrication of a 3D printed connection prototypes suitable for connection to face masks, thereby demonstrating the feasibility of this application. (4) Conclusions: This call for action was addressed to dentists and dental laboratories who are willing to making available their experience, facilities and machinery for the benefit of patients, even way beyond dentistry.

scholarly journals Deep Common Semantic Space Embedding for Sketch-Based 3D Model Retrieval

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Bai ◽  
Mengjie Wang ◽  
Dexin Kong
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Semantic Content ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Semantic Space ◽  
3D Model Retrieval ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Model Retrieval ◽  
Aided Design

Sketch-based 3D model retrieval has become an important research topic in many applications, such as computer graphics and computer-aided design. Although sketches and 3D models have huge interdomain visual perception discrepancies, and sketches of the same object have remarkable intradomain visual perception diversity, the 3D models and sketches of the same class share common semantic content. Motivated by these findings, we propose a novel approach for sketch-based 3D model retrieval by constructing a deep common semantic space embedding using triplet network. First, a common data space is constructed by representing every 3D model as a group of views. Second, a common modality space is generated by translating views to sketches according to cross entropy evaluation. Third, a common semantic space embedding for two domains is learned based on a triplet network. Finally, based on the learned features of sketches and 3D models, four kinds of distance metrics between sketches and 3D models are designed, and sketch-based 3D model retrieval results are achieved. The experimental results using the Shape Retrieval Contest (SHREC) 2013 and SHREC 2014 datasets reveal the superiority of our proposed method over state-of-the-art methods.

Creative Exploration of Scaled Product Family 3D Models Using Gesture Based Conceptual Computer Aided Design (C-CAD) Tool

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakhar Jaiswal ◽  
Anurag Baburao Bajad ◽  
Vishwas Grama Nanjundaswamy ◽  
Anoop Verma ◽  
Rahul Rai
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Product Family ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Product Family Design ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Design Exploration ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Family Models

The concepts of scale and platform based product family are being used by many companies to meet the customization needs of customers. Research in the area of product family design predominantly focuses on optimization frameworks. There is a lack of creative conceptual computer-aided 3D modeling tools for product family design exploration. In this paper, a gesture-based conceptual computer-aided design (C-CAD) exploration tool for scaled 3D product family models is presented. The proposed gesture-based C-CAD allows for easy, natural, and intuitive modification of 3D objects to create scaled 3D product family models. The input 3D model for conceptual design exploration purposes are obtained in two ways: (a) 3D model is generated by scanning an existing product using depth sensing (RGB-D) camera, and (b) 3D models available in large online repository such as Google Warehouse and TurboSquid are used as-is. Hand gestures recognized using the DepthSense® 311 (RGB-D) camera from SoftKinetic® are used in conjunction with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based geometric algorithms to enable the interactive scaling of inputted 3D models. The efficacy of the proposed method is demonstrated through multiple example problems. The proposed method of 3D model exploration is most useful for product designs that are scaled variants.

Feasibility and Efficiency of Sutureless End Enterostomy by Means of a 3D-Printed Device in a Porcine Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210
Author(s):  
Eric Sejor ◽  
Tarek Debs ◽  
Niccolo Petrucciani ◽  
Pauline Brige ◽  
Sophie Chopinet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Bowel Function ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Design Software ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
Oral Diet

Objective. The aim of this study is to present a 3-dimensional (3D)-printed device to simply perform abdominal enterostomy and colostomy. Summary Background Data. Enterostomy and colostomy are frequently performed during abdominal surgery. 3D-printed devices may permit the creation of enterostomy easily. Methods. The device was designed by means of a CAD (computer-aided design) software, Rhinoceros 6 by MC Neel, and manufactured using 3D printers, Factory 2.0 by Omni 3D and Raise 3D N2 Dual Plus by Raise 3D. Colostomy was scheduled on a human cadaver and on 6 Pietrain pigs to test the device and the surgical technique. Results. The test on the cadaver showed that the application of the device was easy. Test on porcine models confirmed that the application of the device was also easy on the living model. The average duration of the surgical procedure was 32 minutes (25-40 minutes). For the female pigs, return to full oral diet and recovery of a normal bowel function was observed at postoperative day 2. The device fell by itself on average on the third day. Until day 10, when euthanasia was practiced, the stoma mucosa had a good coloration indicating a perfect viability of tissues. No complications were observed. Conclusions. This is the first study that describes the use of a 3D-printed device in abdominal surgery. End-type colostomy using a 3D-printed device can be safely and easily performed in an experimental porcine model, without postoperative complications. Further studies are needed to evaluate its utility in the clinical setting.

scholarly journals Modeling and Printing of Successive Misaligned Teeth Stages

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-314
Author(s):  
Narendra Chaudhary ◽  
Niharika Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Prototyping ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Complete Procedure ◽  
Average Variation ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
3D Software

ABSTRACT Introduction Patients suffering from problems related to teeth crowding and misalignment require braces for realignment and restoring of perfect teeth. This process of realignment is a long-term treatment varying from 6 to 12 months including many stages during which teeth alignments are achieved in small steps. Patients are always eager to view their futuristic teeth alignment condition at the beginning of their treatment. This requires a predictive methodology on the part of the dentist, which is achievable using software tools and finally reproducing these software-designed stages using rapid prototyping. Materials and methods Dental molds, 3D Scanner, 3D Printer, and 3D computer-aided design software, such as 3-Matic, Maestro ortho studio, 3D Orchestrate, or 3Shape ortho studio for manipulations. Results According to the quantitative analysis, average variation between the preprint and postprint is 0.32. Threedimensional (3D) printed models of these stages are within the units of 0.01 mm; hence, the rapid prototyping method supplements automation of the complete procedure of teeth alignment. Whereas, qualitative analysis of the scans after printing shows little-distorted boundaries due to which clarity has been slightly decreased but, according to the experts, this is clinically acceptable. Conclusion In this study, we provide an insight into generating different aligned stages or steps using available 3D software and further 3D printing of these stages using polylactic acid models. Clinical significance These models are expected to provide very important and tangible information related to the treatment purpose to both patients and dentists. These 3D models further provide platform for the manufacturing of customized transparent teeth aligners which are specific to the patient, better in esthetics, easy to wear, and is inexpensive than traditional teeth braces. How to cite this article Thakur N, Chaudhary N, Juneja M, Jindal P. Modeling and Printing of Successive Misaligned Teeth Stages. World J Dent 2017;8(4):309-314.

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