“Through the looking glass: envisioning new library technologies” understanding artificial intelligence

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Operating Systems ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Greek Myth ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alan Turing ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Looking Glass

Purpose As technology becomes more sophisticated, there is an increasing demand for flexible operating systems that can automatically respond to emerging challenges. The concept of artificial intelligence (AI) is, therefore, increasingly integral to many of the most exciting technological developments occurring today. Design/methodology/approach This is a literature review. Findings Broadly defined, AI is the aspect of computing that enables the machine to take in information about its environment and make choices that help it succeed. This paper will explore some of the key concepts behind AI and demonstrate how they apply to emerging technology. Research limitations/implications To get a sense of the importance of AI, we need look no further than Google. Although many companies are working on AI, Google is of particular interest to libraries because its mission to “organize the world’s information and make it universally accessible and useful” shares many similarities with libraries. Originality/value AI has been contemplated for as long as humans have considered the nature of their own intelligence and pondered how artificial beings might be able to accomplish similar tasks. The idea of AI can be seen as far back as the ancient Greek myth of Galatea. Philosophers and scientists from René Descarte to Alan Turing have posed questions that are still relevant to modern AI.

Warehouse robot market boosted by Covid pandemic and technological innovations

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Bogue
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Mixed Product ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Robotic Automation

Purpose This paper aims to provide details of recent commercial and technological developments that are driving robotic warehouse automation. Design/methodology/approach Following a short introduction, this first provides a commercial background and identifies the factors driving the market growth. It then gives examples of robotics companies, products and applications that exploit innovations in artificial intelligence (AI). It then considers future prospects, and finally, brief conclusions are drawn. Findings Amazon’s acquisition of Kiva led to a community of new robot manufacturers and the realisation by major e-commerce companies that robotic automation would be required to maintain competitiveness. The Covid pandemic caused a surge in e-commerce and a critical shortage of labour, which further highlighted the need for automation and boosted robotic deployments. Recent advances in AI have resulted in a rapidly growing community of companies producing AI-powered robots which offer advanced capabilities such as mixed product picking, sorting and kitting. These are being deployed by a growing number of e-commerce and logistics companies and are paving the way towards ever-higher levels of warehouse automation. Full automation will soon become a reality. Originality/value This paper identifies the factors driving the rapidly developing warehouse robot business by considering the companies, products, technology and applications.

“Through the looking glass: envisioning new library technologies” how artificial intelligence will impact libraries

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Educational Technology ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Human Intelligence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Looking Glass

Purpose This is the second of a two-part series on artificial intelligence (AI). The first column summarized some of the basic concepts necessary to understand AI and why recent developments indicate that it is poised to radically transform an array of emerging technologies. Design/methodology/approach This column will assume some basic knowledge of AI, to more fully explore how this technology is likely to impact libraries in the future in the areas of search, educational technology and logistics. Findings At its core, AI is a group of technologies that attempts to enable computers to solve problems in more dynamic ways than they previously have been able to do. Often, these efforts are conceptualized as replicating human intelligence in their functionality, even if they often use radically different underlying methods. Originality/value One key difference is that computers have inherent advantages over humans in absorbing and processing certain types of data. As a result, what can be done once a computer is capable of making more complex inferences can be truly remarkable, particularly when AI is used to empower humans in accomplishing otherwise tedious or difficult tasks.

“Through the looking glass: envisioning new library technologies” pandemic response technologies: tracking technologies and artificial intelligence

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (10) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
Peter Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Evolutionary Trends ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Future ◽  
Information Professionals ◽  
Pandemic Response ◽  
Looking Glass ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Purpose The purpose of this paper is to focus on tracking technologies and artificial intelligence, two technologies many of us carry as part of our smartphones every day in the context of the 2020 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach This column is part of a series using examples and headlines generated by this unique pandemic to explore larger technological trends and to provide a glimpse into the future of these underlying technologies. Findings Looking ahead, it is clear that the current pandemic has heightened the value and importance of these technologies, accelerating existing trends and heightening the importance for information professionals to understand their strengths and weaknesses. Originality/value This column will help information professionals have the context they need to understand these technologies as they evolve and enable them to prepare their organizations and communities to effectively use, promote and develop policies to deal with them. Once a technology has been integrated into our lives, its impact can feel invisible, regardless of its impact. Over time, as the technology continues to improve and change, those evolutions may remain unseen. Yet, extraordinary circumstances, such as a global pandemic, can provide a new lens for understanding these underlying technologically evolutionary trends. This is particularly true if the technology interacts with our lives in novel ways.

Autonomous vehicles: a review of the ethical, social and economic implications of the AI revolution

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shweta Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Autonomous Cars ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThere are ethical, legal, social and economic arguments surrounding the subject of autonomous vehicles. This paper aims to discuss some of the arguments to communicate one of the current issues in the rising field of artificial intelligence.Design/methodology/approachMaking use of widely available literature that the author has read and summarised showcasing her viewpoints, the author shows that technology is progressing every day. Artificial intelligence and machine learning are at the forefront of technological advancement today. The manufacture and innovation of new machines have revolutionised our lives and resulted in a world where we are becoming increasingly dependent on artificial intelligence.FindingsTechnology might appear to be getting out of hand, but it can be effectively used to transform lives and convenience.Research limitations/implicationsFrom robotics to autonomous vehicles, countless technologies have and will continue to make the lives of individuals much easier. But, with these advancements also comes something called “future shock”.Practical implicationsFuture shock is the state of being unable to keep up with rapid social or technological change. As a result, the topic of artificial intelligence, and thus autonomous cars, is highly debated.Social implicationsThe study will be of interest to researchers, academics and the public in general. It will encourage further thinking.Originality/valueThis is an original piece of writing informed by reading several current pieces. The study has not been submitted elsewhere.

scholarly journals Options for putting CDS/ISIS databases on the internet

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 286-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Buxton
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Programming Languages ◽  
Operating Systems ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Content Type

PurposeTo review the variety of software solutions available for putting CDS/ISIS databases on the internet. To help anyone considering which route to take.Design/methodology/approachBriefly describes the characteristics, history, origin and availability of each package. Identifies the type of skills required to implement the package and the kind of application it is suited to. Covers CDS/ISIS Unix version, JavaISIS, IsisWWW, WWWISIS Versions 3 and 5, Genisis, IAH, WWW‐ISIS, and OpenIsis.FindingsThere is no obvious single “best” solution. Several are free but may require more investment in acquiring the skills to install and configure them. The choice will depend on the user's experience with CDS/ISIS formatting language, HTML, programming languages, operating systems, open source software, and so on.Originality/valueThere is detailed documentation available for most of these packages, but little previous guidance to help potential users to distinguish and choose between them.

scholarly journals The importance of specificity in occupation‐based social classifications

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 179-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S. Lambert ◽  
Koon Leai Larry Tan ◽  
Kenneth Prandy ◽  
Vernon Gayle ◽  
Manfred Max Bergman
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Service Grid ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Specific Occupation ◽  
Data Environment ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThis paper aims to present reasons why social classifications which use occupations should seek to adopt “specific” approaches which are tailored to the country, time period and gender of the subjects under study.Design/methodology/approachThe relative motivations for adopting a specific approach to social classifications are discussed and theoretical perspectives on specificity and empirical evidence on the contribution of specific approaches are reviewed. Also the practical costs of implementing specific social classifications are evaluated, and the authors' development of the “GEODE” data service (grid‐enabled occupational data environment), which seeks to assist this process, is discussed.FindingsSpecific approaches make a non‐trivial difference to the conclusions drawn from analyses of occupation‐based social classifications. It is argued that the GEODE service has reduced the practical challenges of implementing specific measures.Research limitations/implicationsThere remain conceptual and pragmatic challenges in working with specific occupation‐based social classifications. Non‐specific (“universal”) measures are adequate for many purposes.Practical implicationsThe paper argues that there are few excuses for ignoring specific occupation‐based social classifications.Originality/valueThe paper demonstrates that recent technological developments have shifted the balance in the long‐standing debate between universal and specific approaches to occupation‐based social classifications.

Intention to use analytical artificial intelligence (AI) in services – the effect of technology readiness and awareness

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Flavián ◽  
Alfredo Pérez-Rueda ◽  
Daniel Belanche ◽  
Luis V. Casaló
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Technology Adoption ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Technology Readiness ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Barriers To Technology

PurposeThe automation of services is rapidly growing, led by sectors such as banking and financial investment. The growing number of investments managed by artificial intelligence (AI) suggests that this technology-based service will become increasingly popular. This study examines how customers' technology readiness and service awareness affect their intention to use analytical AI investment services.Design/methodology/approachThe automation of services is rapidly growing, led by sectors such as banking and financial investment. The growing number of investments managed by AI suggests that this technology-based service will become increasingly popular. This study examines how customers' technology readiness and service awareness affect their intention to use analytical AI investment services.FindingsThe results indicated that customers' technological optimism increases, and insecurity decreases, their intention to use robo-advisors. Surprisingly, feelings of technological discomfort positively influenced robo-advisor adoption. This interesting finding challenges previous insights into technology adoption and value co-creation as analytical AI puts customers into a very passive role and reduces barriers to technology adoption. The research also analyzes how consumers become aware of robo-advisors, and how this influences their acceptance.Originality/valueThis is the first study to analyze the role of customers' technology readiness in the adoption of analytical AI. The authors link the findings to previous technology adoption and automated services' literature and provide specific managerial implications and avenues for further research.

Software documentation is not enough! Requirements for the documentation of AI

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Königstorfer ◽  
Stefan Thalmann
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Business Process ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
It Industry ◽  
Specific Nature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Software Documentation ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Present Information

Purpose Artificial intelligence (AI) is currently one of the most disruptive technologies and can be applied in many different use cases. However, applying AI in regulated environments is challenging, as it is currently not clear how to achieve and assess the fairness, accountability and transparency (FAT) of AI. Documentation is one promising governance mechanism to ensure that AI is FAT when it is applied in practice. However, due to the nature of AI, documentation standards from software engineering are not suitable to collect the required evidence. Even though FAT AI is called for by lawmakers, academics and practitioners, suitable guidelines on how to document AI are not available. This interview study aims to investigate the requirements for AI documentations. Design/methodology/approach A total of 16 interviews were conducted with senior employees from companies in the banking and IT industry as well as with consultants. The interviews were then analyzed using an informed-inductive coding approach. Findings The authors found five requirements for AI documentation, taking the specific nature of AI into account. The interviews show that documenting AI is not a purely technical task, but also requires engineers to present information on how the AI is understandably integrated into the business process. Originality/value This paper benefits from the unique insights of senior employees into the documentation of AI.

Quantifying human resource management: a literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clotilde Coron
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Content Type

PurposeWith a focus on the evolution of human resource management (HRM) quantification over 2000–2020, this study addresses the following questions: (1) What are the data sources used to quantify HRM? (2) What are the methods used to quantify HRM? (3) What are the objectives of HRM quantification? (4) What are the representations of quantification in HRM?Design/methodology/approachThis study is based on an integrative synthesis of 94 published peer-reviewed empirical and non-empirical articles on the use of quantification in HRM. It uses the theoretical framework of the sociology of quantification.FindingsThe analysis shows that there have been several changes in HRM quantification over 2000–2020 in terms of data sources, methods and objectives. Meanwhile, representations of quantification have evolved relatively little; it is still considered as a tool, and this ignores the possible conflicts and subjectivity associated with the use of quantification.Originality/valueThis literature review addresses the use of quantification in HRM in general and is thus larger in scope than previous reviews. Notably, it brings forth new insights on possible differences between the main uses of quantification in HRM, as well as on artificial intelligence and algorithms in HRM.

Impact of AI regulation on intention to use robots

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-114
Author(s):  
Sheshadri Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Control Beliefs ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors influencing the citizens to use robots that would improve the quality of life of the citizens. Design/methodology/approach With the help of different adoption theories and models and with the support of background studies, some hypotheses have been formulated and a conceptual model has been developed with the consideration of the impact of artificial intelligence regulation (IAR) that controls the use of robots as a moderator. The model has been validated and the hypotheses have been tested by statistical analysis with the help of survey works involving consideration of feedbacks from 503 usable respondents. Findings The study reveals that the use of robots by the citizens would appreciably increase if government imposes strict artificial intelligence (AI) regulatory control concerning the use of robots, and in that case, it appears that the use of robots would improve the quality of life of the citizens. Research limitations/implications The duly validated model would help the authority to appropriately nurse and nurture the factors such as ethical dilemma, perceived risks and control beliefs for enhancing the intention of the citizens to use robots for many purposes including domestic usage in the context of appropriate restrictions imposed through AI regulation. Such use of robots would eventually improve the quality of life. Originality/value There are a few studies covering analysis of IAR as a moderator on the linkages of the predictors with the intention of the citizens to use robots. In this context, this study is claimed to have offered a novel contribution.

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