Gender equality will see uneven progress in Mexico

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
National Development ◽  
State Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government ◽  
Employment Of Women ◽  
First Time

Subject The Mexican government's advances towards greater gender equality. Significance President Enrique Pena Nieto has been active in promoting gender equality at home and abroad, and his government has repeatedly voiced its commitment to the UN's Millennium Development Goals, particularly regarding female empowerment. The Pena Nieto administration included a gender dimension in its National Development Plan for the first time, and has allocated significant resources to supporting women. Efforts have focused not only on the federal level, but also at state level, as illustrated by the signing of a collaboration agreement in December 2015 between the government and the National Conference of Governors. Impacts Bridging the gender gap across all government levels will be an expensive and difficult task, with uneven success across the country. Any reductions in domestic violence rates will require long-term efforts to change attitudes from the bottom up. Quotas that encourage the employment of women, regardless of merit, may perpetuate politics' reputation for being corrupt and nepotistic.

Income Elasticity and the Gender Gap: A Challenging MDG for the MENA Countries

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noha M.F. Emara
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Income Elasticity ◽  
Least Square ◽  
North African ◽  
Mena Countries ◽  
Significant Acceleration ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government

AbstractThe gender equality target is still considered one of the most challenging goals for most Middle East and North African (MENA) Countries. Using panel least square with regional dummies (LSDV) for 22 MENA countries over the period 1990–2007, the study concludes that with less than 5 years for the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to be concluded, a significant acceleration in economic growth is required for the MENA countries to achieve the gender goal if these countries depended solely on economic growth. As a policy implication, the increase in economic growth in the MENA countries needs to be complemented with other factors boosting the achievability of the gender equality such as the government spending on education, infrastructure, and encouragement of international trade. All three factors proved to have a statistical significant and important impact on closing the gender gap.

Malaysia's Najib faces further test in August

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prime Minister ◽  
National Development ◽  
State Level ◽  
Investment Fund ◽  
Political Speech ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Deputy Prime Minister ◽  
Development Goals

Subject The Malaysian cabinet reshuffle's implications. Significance Prime Minister Najib Razak is reasserting himself politically amidst the 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB) investment fund controversy. On July 28, he reshuffled his cabinet, removing the deputy prime minister and other officials investigating the affair; and on August 3, he called on the Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission to develop tighter controls against slander in online political speech. Impacts Najib will use the reshuffle to reassert his national development goals, but Malaysian economic difficulties may constrain him. Najib will continue moving against critics, potentially attempting to remove state chief ministers perceived as challenging him. A state-level backlash against Najib is possible; policy disruption could follow.

Millennium development goals achievement in different states of India (2003-2004 to 2013-2014)

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 275-299
Author(s):  
Ranajit Chakrabarty ◽  
Mahuya Chakrabarti ◽  
Ayan Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Solution Method ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
State Level ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
The Status ◽  
Order Preference ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government

Purpose According to the Government of India 2015 report on millennium development goal (MDG), India is yet to achieve almost 50 per cent of the goals set by UN. Characterized by its diversity, India’s progress in terms of the indicators of MDGs for the country as a whole averages out the prevailing state level variations. The purpose of this paper is to explore the status of these goals during 1993-1994-2013-2014 at state level using 12 targets and 35 indicators relevant for India along with an attempt to explain inter-state variations in this regard. Design/methodology/approach Using the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution method, a multiple criteria decision making method, the states have been ranked in terms of all the indicators of MDGs. These ranks were then analysed using socio-economic and political factors to understand the root cause of variation. Findings Ranking of the states considering all the indicators reveals the actual scenario in an effective way. The factors like state domestic product, state-wise standard of education level, social backwardness and political leadership help in finding the link between the derived ranks and these socio-economic and political factors. Originality/value Previous studies in this area have been carried out taking the indicators separately. However, without a comprehensive idea with all the indicators, the overall impact cannot be understood effectively. This study is novel since it takes into account each state with respect to all the indicators taken together thereby providing a comprehensive view on the variation in the achievement of MDG goals.

scholarly journals Women, Gender equality and COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 647-655
Author(s):  
Linda L. Carli
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gender And Work ◽  
The Status ◽  
Work Disruption ◽  
Health And Well Being

Purpose This paper aims to review the existing literature on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on gender and work roles to determine whether the pandemic has undermined the status, pay and advancement of women or has provided opportunities for reducing gender inequality. Design/methodology/approach The author reviewed the literature on the effects of COVID-19 and past pandemics on gender equality, focusing on job loss, the effects of being in essential occupations on health and well-being, the increased domestic responsibilities of women and men due to closure of schools and other social services and the effects of telecommuting on gender roles. Findings The pandemic has generally created challenges for women’s advancement. More women than men have lost their jobs; more women than men are in essential jobs that expose them to infection and psychological stress, and women have had more work disruption than men have had because of increases in childcare and other responsibilities. On the other hand, telecommuting has increased men’s amount of childcare, and this does have the potential to increase men’s childcare responsibilities in the long term, thereby reducing the gender gap in domestic responsibilities and increasing gender equality. Research limitations/implications The COVID-19 pandemic is still ongoing and the research on the pandemic’s effects are new and ongoing. Originality/value To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first scholarly review of the literature on the potential effects of COVID-19 on the gender gap in pay and advancement.

New Zambia constitution to boost long-term stability

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
National Development ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Legislative Elections ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Power Stations ◽  
Worker Housing ◽  
The Government

Subject Political outlook in Zambia. Significance On March 10, the deputy leader of the opposition United Party for National Development (UPND), Geoffrey Mwamba, appeared in court on charges of training an illegal militia, which he denies. Tensions are rising ahead of presidential and legislative elections scheduled for August 11 -- the first polls to be run under amended rules established by the Constitution of Zambia Amendment Bill, signed into law on January 6. Impacts Some media outlets may self-censor by avoiding reports critical of the PF in an attempt to avoid clampdowns by the government. The 275-million-dollar Chinese loan for a public-sector worker housing fund, agreed in December, may bolster PF support from civil servants. Turkish firm Karadeniz's floating power stations, docked at Mozambique's Nacala port, will help to help offset Zambia's power crisis.

Hong Kong protests may force long-term change

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mainland Chinese ◽  
Emergency Powers ◽  
Term Change ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
The Government ◽  
Chinese Intervention ◽  
First Time

Significance Lam delivered her speech by video instead. The policies she announced include measures to tackle the city’s economic problems but do not grant any of the demands made by the ongoing anti-government protest movement. Protests appear to have become more violent since the government exercised emergency powers for the first time on October 4. Impacts The government will weigh further use of emergency powers very carefully, wary of their effect on Hong Kong’s international reputation. At current levels of violence, it is probably just a matter of time until there are deaths. The tourism, entertainment and retail sectors will suffer severe losses; disruption to public transport will damage other sectors too. Despite President Xi Jinping’s recent threat to use deadly force, mainland Chinese intervention still looks unlikely. The main effect of US legislation to sanction Hong Kong will be to complicate US relations with China even further.

Integrated simulation for national development planning

Kybernetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 208-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Pedercini ◽  
Holger Maximilian Kleemann ◽  
Nombuso Dlamini ◽  
Vangile Dlamini ◽  
Birgit Kopainsky
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
National Development ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Integrated Simulation ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
Development Goals

Purpose The purpose of this papers is to highlight the applicability of integrated simulation models for national development planning to different issues and contexts. Specifically, the authors describe one such model, the Millennium Institute’s T21 model, which is used to support planning in various countries, and explore in detail the case of Swaziland to demonstrate the model’s usefulness at different levels in the planning process. Design/methodology/approach Integrated sustainable development planning models using the system dynamics (SD) modeling method have been designed to help overcome these obstacles and support decision-makers in the assessment of alternative policies. Such models are laboratory replicas of the critical mechanisms driving development in a country while being grounded in the historical data available. They can be used to perform simulation-based policy experiments that are otherwise impossible in the real world. Findings The proposed approach has facilitated the reporting on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), as well as on the cross-sector long-term ex ante evaluation of the country’s “Economic Recovery Strategy” and a proposed “Fiscal Adjustment” policy. These assessments provided essential information for improving the quality of the decisions made. Such information cannot be obtained by the application of purely economic models or sectoral tools, that are not including the fundamental feedback structures that shape development in the long run and determine its sustainability. Research limitations/implications The new generation of global long-term Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) covers a far broader range of issues and indicators than the MDGs. The T21-Swaziland model only offers a limited subset of such issues, and future research will focus on achievements and challenges in expanding its scope to encompass the SDGs. Practical implications The T21 model has become one of the fundamental planning instruments of the country, and it has been used to evaluate national planning documents and other suggested strategies with respect to whether they are sufficient for reaching the long-term goals. Such information is then used as a basis for revision of development plans and adoption or rejection of suggested policy packages. Originality/value The MDGs (and their expanded follow-up, the SDGs) have been important step toward better governance, as they quantify key indicators of development and thereby allow for an evaluation of the degree to which these quantified aspirations are actually achieved. In addition to such hind-sight evaluations, ex ante evaluations are equally important for improvement of the quality of the decisions made. The authors propose and test a tool to support such type of evaluation, supporting integrated planning and model-based governance.

scholarly journals Globalization and Gender Studies: Gender Equality Points of SDG’s in Effect to Timor Leste’s Society Study Case

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Fitra Shaumi Azzahra ◽  
Athaya Aushafina
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
National Development ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Timor Leste ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
And Gender ◽  
High Level

After gaining independence in 2002, Timor Leste set a goal for its national development as its first order of business. Timor Leste ratified Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in order to receive aid and assistance from member states of the United Nations more developed than they were. In 2013, various media outlets and non-governmental organizations highlighted significant growth that Timor Leste showed in matters of gender equality. The country became the only Pacific Asian state to have up to 38 percent of their parliament seats be occupied by women. The high level of women’s representation in Timor Leste’s government is seen as a way to achieve SDGs and to embody gender equality. However, in reality women still face problems of discrimination on the societal level, as seen from the still all too common occurrences of sexual harassment, as well as accessibility to jobs and education for women which are still far from the standards expected by SDGs. This article argues that the SDG as a form of globalization had not succeeded in homogenizing the culture that applies in Timor Leste. Thus, the top-down structure do not bring any implications towards the needs of women in the country. This article aims to assess the gender-gap phenomenon using three main globalization approaches mainly: homogenized globalization, polarized globalization and the hybrid type of globalization. In the end, this article will also argue that it is more relevant to see current world’s culture as a product of hybrid globalization rather than homogenized or polarized globalization especially when it comes to seeing the phenomenon in Third World countries such as Timor Leste.

scholarly journals Pengarusutamaan Gender di Jepang Untuk Mencapai SDG’s (Sustainable Development Goals) dalam Perspektif Feminisme Liberal

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Intan Dwi Nasrullah
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Gap ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government ◽  
Lack Of Commitment

Japan is one of the countries that has adopted the 2030 sustainable development agenda or SDG's (Sustainability Development Goals) by building an SDG’s Promotion Headquarters to achieve balance in the country's development while protecting earth and eliminating poverty. Gender equality is a development target in the SDGs contained in point five. The increase in the elderly and the decline in the birth rate prompted the Japanese Government to take the initiative to increase the role of women in the public. However, the ranking of gender equality in Japan is ranked low globally. Therefore, to achieve the SDGs, the urgent goal that must be done is to address gender equality in Japan by integrating the concept of gender in policy and decision making. In this study, the authors will describe the policies issued by the government in integrating gender and collect data on the gender gap that exists in Japan. By using the concept of gender mainstreaming in liberal feminism perspective, the author takes the initiative to find the causes of the factors that cause gender equality in Japan to be unsuccessful. Therefore, this study will explain some of the obstacles to gender equality by looking at what terms have not been implemented by Japan. The author has succeeded in finding that there are two factors that cause gender equality in Japan to be unsuccessful, there are the lack of commitment and understanding of gender by the government and regulatory agencies and the Gender Responsive Budget (ARG) which has no legal provisions.

Using system dynamics to evaluate renewable electricity development in Malaysia

Kybernetes ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Ahmad ◽  
Razman bin Mat Tahar
Keyword(s):  
System Dynamics ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Capacity Expansion ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
Policy Targets

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide an assessment of Malaysia's renewable capacity target. Malaysia relies heavily on fossil fuels for electricity generation. To diversify the fuel-mix, a technology-specific target has been set by the government in 2010. Considering the complexity in generation expansion, there is a dire need for an assessment model that can evaluate policy in a feedback fashion. The study also aims to expand policy evaluation literature in electricity domain by taking a dynamic systems approach. Design/methodology/approach – System dynamics modelling and simulation approach is used in this study. The model variables, selected from literature, are constituted into casual loop diagram. Later, a stock and flow diagram is developed by integrating planning, construction, operation, and decision making sub-models. The dynamic interactions between the sub-sectors are analysed based on the short-, medium- and long-term policy targets. Findings – Annual capacity constructions fail to achieve short-, medium- and long-term targets. However, the difference in operational capacity and medium- and long-term target are small. In terms of technology, solar photovoltaic (PV) attains the highest level of capacity followed by biomass. Research limitations/implications – While financial calculations are crucial for capacity expansion decisions, currently they are not being modelled; this study primarily focuses on system delays and exogenous components only. Practical implications – A useful model that offers regulators and investors insights on system characteristics and policy targets simultaneously. Originality/value – This paper provides a model for evaluating policy for renewable capacity expansion development in a dynamic context, for Malaysia.

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