Chile's economic rebound will not reverse COVID impact

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Tax Reform ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Fiscal Deficit ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Workforce Participation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Worker Training

Significance According to most forecasts, growth this year will approximately make up the ground lost in 2020, but with the important risk of lagged social effects. Impacts Female workforce participation and the resulting second income can be key to preventing a family from slipping back into poverty. Changes in the labour market, such as remote work and automation, will call for increased worker training. Relief measures and the resulting fiscal deficit of 7.4% of GDP in 2020 will urge the need for tax reform.

Labour reform will not reduce unemployment in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Lower House ◽  
Goods Market ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Sustained Recovery

Significance Deteriorating labour market conditions are having negative economic and social effects. The unemployment rate reached 13.6% in the three months ending in April, with 14 million people jobless. The two-year recession and political instability have delayed any sustained recovery in the labour market. Labour relations will also be affected by the controversial labour reform bill, already approved by the Lower House and currently under debate in the Senate. Impacts High unemployment and low prospects of near-term economic improvements will fuel the government’s unpopularity. Labour informality will increase if the domestic market continues showing signs of deceleration. Labour reform may reduce, for better or worse, the reaction time of the labour market to changes in the goods market.

Costa Rica tax triumph will drive Alvarado’s ambition

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Institutions ◽  
Tax Reform ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Fiscal Deficit ◽  
Fiscal Consolidation ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Investment Plan ◽  
Fiscal Reforms ◽  
The Government

Subject Tax reform. Significance President Carlos Alvarado's controversial and long-awaited tax reform passed on December 3. The new measures should help to improve Costa Rica’s fiscal situation, particularly curbing the widening fiscal deficit, and will be welcomed by investors and international institutions. Impacts With the reforms now looking certain, protest fatigue will set in, and union demonstrations will die down. The legislature is likely to rally behind Alvarado’s next initiative -- a public infrastructure investment plan. The government may try to pass supplementary fiscal reforms in 2019 to support fiscal consolidation.

Argentine budget projections will prove optimistic

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Debt ◽  
Tax Reform ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Fiscal Deficit ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Public ◽  
Primary Deficit ◽  
The Government ◽  
Interest Payments ◽  
Public Revenues

Subject The 2018 Argentine budget. Significance The Economy Ministry sent the draft 2018 budget to Congress on September 15. The budget indicates no major changes in fiscal policy; the primary deficit will fall by just 3.4% in nominal terms, driven by the effect of the economic recovery on public revenues, and by a reduction in energy and transport subsidies. By contrast, interest payments will rise, showing the increasing burden of the government’s decision to finance the fiscal deficit through new public debt. Impacts The budget shows a slight fall in tax pressure, so tax reform will be postponed until 2019 at least. The cut in energy and transport subsidies will boost inflation, making it more difficult for the Central Bank to achieve its target. The government will need to show its optimism is well-founded if it hopes to do well in the 2019 elections.

Think about it – can portrayals of homosexuality in advertising prime consumer-perceived social connectedness and empathy?

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Åkestam ◽  
Sara Rosengren ◽  
Micael Dahlen
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Attitudes Toward Homosexuality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Thought Listing ◽  
Societal Level ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to investigate whether portrayals of homosexuality in advertising can generate social effects in terms of consumer-perceived social connectedness and empathy. Design/methodology/approach In three experimental studies, the effects of advertising portrayals of homosexuality were compared to advertising portrayals of heterosexuality. Study 1 uses a thought-listing exercise to explore whether portrayals of homosexuality (vs heterosexuality) can evoke more other-related thoughts and whether such portrayals affect consumer-perceived social connectedness and empathy. Study 2 replicates the findings while introducing attitudes toward homosexuality as a boundary condition and measuring traditional advertising effects. Study 3 replicates the findings while controlling for gender, perceived similarity and targetedness. Findings The results show that portrayals of homosexuality in advertising can prime consumers to think about other people, thereby affecting them socially. In line with previous studies of portrayals of homosexuality in advertising, these effects are moderated by attitudes toward homosexuality. Research limitations/implications This paper adds to a growing body of literature on the potentially positive extended effects of advertising. They also challenge some of the previous findings regarding homosexuality in advertising. Practical implications The finding that portrayals of homosexuality in advertising can (at least, temporarily) affect consumers socially in terms of social connectedness and empathy should encourage marketers to explore the possibilities of creating advertising that benefits consumers and brands alike. Originality/value The paper challenges the idea that the extended effects of advertising have to be negative. By showing how portrayals of homosexuality can increase social connectedness and empathy, it adds to the discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of advertising on a societal level.

Still focusing on the “essential 2:1”: exploring student attitudes to extra-curricular activities

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Greenbank
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Student Participation ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Peer Norms ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Extra Curricular Activities ◽  
Degree Classification

Purpose – In order to compete for positional advantage in the graduate labour market students need more than a good degree classification. The evidence suggests that participation in extra-curricular activities (ECAs) can have a significant influence on labour market outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which undergraduates engage in ECAs during their studies and analyses the factors influencing their participation in such activities. Design/methodology/approach – This study is based on a sample of 21 undergraduates in the Business School at a “new” university. These students completed two questionnaires in their first year of study. These were followed-up by in-depth interviews which were carried out in their first and final year of study. Findings – The study found that many of these students were not participating in ECAs because they lacked an appreciation of the value of ECAs to graduate employers. The students were also influenced by social and peer norms, especially the fact that their peers were not engaging in ECAs. Finally, the students often exhibited an extrinsic locus of control and dependency which was not conducive to engagement in ECAs. Research limitations/implications – The generalisability of the findings may be seen as limited by the fact that the study is based on a relatively small sample of students from one university. This research, however, provides detailed insights into the factors influencing student participation in ECAs and adds new perspectives to this under-researched area. Practical implications – The paper concludes by suggesting a range of inter-related approaches that higher education institutions could adopt in order to improve student participation in ECAs. These include careers education at all stages of the students’ studies; the use of unfreezing techniques in conjunction with case studies; a more substantial role for personal tutors; and the development of an institutional habitus that encourages autonomy and agency. Originality/value – Despite the importance of ECAs to graduate employers there have been relatively few studies into the factors influencing undergraduate participation in such activities.

Working role of women in a pandemic world: a poetic inquiry

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide de Gennaro ◽  
Francesca Loia ◽  
Gabriella Piscopo
Keyword(s):  
Gender Gap ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Poetic Inquiry ◽  
Women’S Perceptions ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The sudden outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic has affected millions of people globally, and it has exacerbated the existing gender inequalities that have affected women. The purpose of this study is to understand the perceptions of women concerning gender inequality in the workplace during the current pandemic. The goal is to give women a voice so they can explain their feelings regarding the problems they face in a pandemic world. Design/methodology/approach In this study, four poetic inquiries were developed to investigate how the lives of working women were changed during the pandemic in Italy. Poetic methodology is a creative and aesthetic representation of qualitative research that is capable of reporting data with more fluidity and freedom. Findings The results suggest that the gender gap is increasing and is embodied in a series of relational and economic problems related to remote work, in difficulty in reconciling private and work life and in a series of new telematic violence against women. Practical implications This study offers practical implications for policymakers by suggesting the application of diversity management initiatives to remove barriers to gender equality. Originality/value This study, through a poetic approach, is the first to investigate women's perceptions during the pandemic related to difficulties experienced in the work sphere.

Ecuador’s Lasso weathers early storm but clouds loom

2022 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Tax Reform ◽  
The Political ◽  
Tax Reforms ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Downward Pressure ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
International Investors

Significance He appears to have weathered this early political storm, achieving notable successes in areas such as tax reform. However, the political outlook remains uncertain, with a likely COVID-19 resurgence heralding new challenges in 2022. Impacts Containing the spread of the Omicron variant will be a priority for Lasso in the coming months. A pandemic resurgence would place downward pressure on economic growth and tax collection. Tax reforms will please international investors and support efforts to attract foreign direct investment to stimulate economic activity.

Reflecting on over a year of remote training, and where businesses must go from here

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolas Kairinos
Keyword(s):  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Learning And Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Remote Training ◽  
Training Schemes ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Full Time Employment

Purpose The study aims to explore how businesses across the UK have adapted to over a year of remote training, and where there is room for improvement as long-term hybrid working plans are put in place. The study also uncovers what digital tools businesses have relied on to deliver learning and development initiatives during remote working, and their effects on employee engagement and experience. Design/methodology/approach An independent body of research was commissioned among 750 UK business leaders and 1,235 UK adults in full-time employment. Findings The research found that while the majority of businesses were able to leverage digital solutions during extended periods of remote work, significant numbers found it difficult to train and develop employees remotely, with many employees dissatisfied with the outcomes. Originality/value The research offers some valuable insights for business leaders looking to improve their training schemes as workplaces settle into new patterns of working.

The moderating role of remote work in the relationship between organizational culture and OCB: case studies from the financial sector

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltán Krajcsák ◽  
Anita Kozák
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Organizational Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Citizenship Behavior ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Home Office ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Study Approach

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to show how remote working affects employees' organizational citizenship behavior (OCB).Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted research on organizations in the financial sector, as this segment was able to easily adapt to the challenges of remote working and teleworking. They used the case study approach: they analyzed organizational documents and management communications related to crisis management back to March 2020, when the pandemic started in Hungary, and conducted semi-structured interviews with managers and subordinates.FindingsThe results highlighted that the dominant organizational culture determines the effects of remote working on OCB. In organizations with a dominant market culture, OCB has changed the least because of the home office, with only a decline in the dimension of civic virtue. In organizations with a dominant clan culture, conscientiousness decreased, while the other three dimensions increased. The dominant hierarchy culture reacted the most unfavorably, excluding the dimension of courtesy, as all dimensions decreased.Originality/valueThe study shows how the pandemic and working in home office have changed the dimensions of OCB in different organizational cultures.

Prospects for the global economy in 2022

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Energy Transport ◽  
Government Intervention ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Content Type

Significance Services and investment should recover this year but all regions are vulnerable to disruptions. Many supply-side strains will persist, as will the energy, transport and labour market dislocations, which will create shortages, volatile prices and pressure for government intervention.

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