Labour reform will not reduce unemployment in Brazil

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Lower House ◽  
Goods Market ◽  
Near Term ◽  
Sustained Recovery

Significance Deteriorating labour market conditions are having negative economic and social effects. The unemployment rate reached 13.6% in the three months ending in April, with 14 million people jobless. The two-year recession and political instability have delayed any sustained recovery in the labour market. Labour relations will also be affected by the controversial labour reform bill, already approved by the Lower House and currently under debate in the Senate. Impacts High unemployment and low prospects of near-term economic improvements will fuel the government’s unpopularity. Labour informality will increase if the domestic market continues showing signs of deceleration. Labour reform may reduce, for better or worse, the reaction time of the labour market to changes in the goods market.

China job market risks go beyond unemployment

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Economic Uncertainty ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Market Risks ◽  
Entrepreneurial Spirit ◽  
The Government ◽  
New Jobs

Subject Labour market conditions in China. Significance China’s official unemployment rate in 2014 was 4.09%, up from 4.05% in 2013. For the three previous years, it had stood still at exactly 4.10%. These implausible data give the illusion of stability during a period of slowing growth and economic uncertainty, and obscure a complex and volatile labour market that now presents a serious challenge to the government. The government is well aware of the pressures on the labour market and has stated its intention to create 10 million new jobs this year. Impacts Fewer young people will enter the workforce, and those who do will have much higher expectations. An older workforce means higher wage demands and the payment of pensions and medical insurance. China will have to find suitable employment for an increasing number of graduates; 7.5 million this year alone. Vocational and on-the-job training will have to revamped and invigorated to meet the demands of both employers and employees. The government's reliance on 'entrepreneurial spirit' to create new jobs could create more social tension.

Japan's bright jobs data hide gloomier reality

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Quarter Century ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Job Offers ◽  
Part Time ◽  
High Employment ◽  
New Jobs

Subject Japan's labour market. Significance The number of people with jobs is near its all-time high. Employment has increased in year-on-year terms for 58 straight months. The 2.8% unemployment rate is the lowest in a quarter-century, and there are more than two new jobs for every applicant. However, Japan still has a labour surplus, because many employed people work only part-time. Impacts Retail and other services in particular will face labour shortages. Employers will be forced to consider enhancing job offers with higher pay, longer hours and more benefits. By the end of 2018, higher wages will translate into higher prices as the labour pool shrinks.

Labour reforms will be key test for France’s Macron

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Stock Option ◽  
Market Reform ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Labour Market Reform ◽  
Market Liberalisation

Significance The labour market liberalisation sought by President Emmanuel Macron goes beyond the reform passed by the previous Socialist-led government last July, which lost some of its substance because of parliamentary obstruction. Impacts Controversy around Labour Minister Muriel Penicaud’s past stock option deals may undermine public support for the reform. The planned labour market reform could reduce France’s unemployment rate in the medium to long term. There is a risk of social and industrial unrest from September onwards as the most militant trade unions try to capsize the reform.

Slower Polish growth may upset 2019 budget targets

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Capital Inflows ◽  
Social Spending ◽  
Wage Increase ◽  
Minimum Wage Increase ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Investor Confidence ◽  
Electoral Cycle ◽  
Near Term

Significance With a two-year electoral cycle getting under way, the PiS government may be tempted to increase social spending. The stronger-than-expected economic outturn in the first half of 2018 will support near-term budgetary performance and PiS’s popularity ratings, which continue to exceed other parties’. Impacts Another minimum wage increase in early 2019 and tight labour market conditions could stoke inflationary pressures in the first six months. Investor confidence may be boosted by the government’s improved fiscal position which should help facilitate stronger capital inflows. Poland’s fiscal gap is expected to remain well below the EU’s limit of 3% of GDP in 2018 and 2019.

Chile's economic rebound will not reverse COVID impact

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Tax Reform ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Fiscal Deficit ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Workforce Participation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Worker Training

Significance According to most forecasts, growth this year will approximately make up the ground lost in 2020, but with the important risk of lagged social effects. Impacts Female workforce participation and the resulting second income can be key to preventing a family from slipping back into poverty. Changes in the labour market, such as remote work and automation, will call for increased worker training. Relief measures and the resulting fiscal deficit of 7.4% of GDP in 2020 will urge the need for tax reform.

Separate aspects of legal regulation of women’s labour rights

2017 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Burbyka ◽  
Alyona Klochko ◽  
Mykola Logvinenko ◽  
Kateryna Gorbachova
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Legal Information ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Labour Legislation

Purpose This paper aims to cover the problems arising in the process of women employment. The purpose is to investigate problems arising in the process of women employment, to analyse the existence of discriminatory aspects with regard to certain categories of workers, and to give recommendations for overcoming discrimination against women in the labour market. Design/methodology/approach The research was based on formal–logical and general scientific cognitive methods (analysis and synthesis, abstraction and concretization and deduction and induction). Systems and functional methods were used. The methods of concrete-sociological researches were used to gather, analyse and process legal information. The comparative-legal methods determined the actual realization of gender equality principles in different countries. Findings The Ukrainian labour legislation is imperfect and should be reformed, so as to not only declare but also protect women’s rights, in accordance with the current realities and fluctuations in the labour market. Practical implications The research helps overcome gender and age discrimination in Ukraine’s labour market, especially the relations that emerge at the employment stage. Discrimination against women at this stage is one of the most common forms of gender inequality. Originality/value Certain gaps in the labour legislation were found. The level of conformity of the current labour-relations-regulating legislation with the policy of equal rights and opportunities for women and men was determined. Recommendations, aimed at changing legal regulations to prevent gender discrimination, were developed, with a view to solving existing gender-related problems in the field of labour.

Prospects for the US economy to end-2017

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Fiscal Stimulus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
Discouraged Workers ◽  
The Us ◽  
Split Personality ◽  
Deep Recession ◽  
The Imf

Subject Prospects for the US economy to end-2017. Significance The US economy has a split personality as it enters the second half of 2017. The labour market appears fully healed from the deep recession of 2008-09 -- the unemployment rate is at its lowest level in 16 years and there are fewer so-called ‘discouraged workers’ than there were in 2007 -- before the recession began. However, the IMF downgraded yesterday its 2017 and 2018 growth expectations for the US economy to 2.1% for both years from 2.3% and 2.5%, respectively, amid growing scepticism of the prospects for fiscal stimulus.

scholarly journals Labour Market in the Conditions of Digitalization: Possible Risks of Subjects of Labour Relations

2020 ◽  
pp. 110-128
Author(s):  
Elena V. Yanchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Modern Literature ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The relevance of the topic of the functioning of the labour market in the conditions of digitalization is due to the need for identifying and accounting for the risks of subjects of labour relations. The author reviews modern literature sources to determine the impact of digitalization on the labour market, identifies the positive and negative manifestations of this impact, defines the concept of risk for subjects of labour relations, and describes its main types and determinants. The correlation and regression analysis of the relationship between the economy and society digitalization index and the unemployment rate shows that the risks are low and the relationship is weak. The risk of unemployment in the context of digitalization is directly related to the level of the flexibility of the labor market and the elasticity of unemployment. In the conclusion, the author describes the novelty of the approach and gives recommendations for the state regulation of the issue.

Chile

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Cruces ◽  
Gary S. Fields ◽  
David Jaume ◽  
Mariana Viollaz
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
International Crisis ◽  
Occupational Position ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Poverty And Inequality

During the 2000s Chile achieved rapid economic growth and improved most labour market indicators: the unemployment rate fell; the mix of employment by occupational position and sector improved; the educational level of the employed population, the percentage of registered workers, and labour earnings increased; and all poverty and inequality indicators decreased. The economy suffered a recession during the international crisis of 2008, but recovered quickly. The chapter shows that some labour market indicators were negatively affected by the crisis. The unemployment rate was the only indicator that did not return to its pre-crisis level by the end of the period studied.

The Fight against Idleness

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony F. Heath ◽  
Elisabeth Garratt ◽  
Ridhi Kashyap ◽  
Yaojun Li ◽  
Lindsay Richards
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Ethnic Minorities ◽  
Unemployment Rate ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Educational Expansion ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Wide Range

Unemployment has a wide range of adverse consequences over and above the effects of the low income which people out of work receive. In the first decades after the war Britain tended to have a lower unemployment rate than most peer countries but this changed in the 1980s and 1990s, when Britain’s unemployment rate surged during the two recessions—possibly as a result of policies designed to tackle inflation. The young, those with less education, and ethnic minorities have higher risks of unemployment and these risks are cumulative. The evidence suggests that the problems facing young men with only low qualifications became relatively worse in the 1990s and 2000s. This perhaps reflects the dark side of educational expansion, young people with low qualifications being left behind and exposed in the labour market.

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