The Korean Desk in the Philippines

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki Heun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Direct Communication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Police Agencies ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Criminal Matters ◽  
Successful Collaboration

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine a newly initiated strategy for international cooperation in criminal justice; specifically, the facilitation of a “Korean Desk” between the Philippines and the Republic of Korea, as a case of successful collaboration. Design/methodology/approach International efforts to formulate and implement the Korean Desk are reviewed, by collecting legal and administrative literature on its implementation. Findings The Korean Desk, as a newly implemented strategy to handle the increasing incidence of crime by and against Koreans in the Philippines, showed that direct communication and collaboration between police agencies significantly increased effectiveness. Creating the Korean Desk greatly assisted the resolution of criminal matters including extradition, cyber-crime, murder, robbery and others that involved Korean suspects and offenders in Korea and Philippines. The paper describes how the implementation of the Korean Desk evolved, the different roles of the Korean Desk and the police consul, and the substantial, positive outcomes of the project. Practical implications Law-enforcement agencies are constantly formulating new approaches to enhance international anti-crime efforts. The successful collaboration described in this paper provides new insights and ideas for how, through close cooperation, agencies can benefit from, and enhance, those efforts. The paper shows how direct communication between the Korean Desk and local police in the Philippines can facilitate investigations, making them efficient and timely. Evaluation of the Korean Desk suggests that it has greatly contributed to international law enforcement. Originality/value The overall steps for formulating the Korean Desk strategy and implementing it are examined.

The rapid diffusion of license plate readers in US law enforcement agencies

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Lum ◽  
Christopher S. Koper ◽  
James Willis ◽  
Stephen Happeny ◽  
Heather Vovak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
State Funding ◽  
License Plate ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Police Agencies ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Law Enforcement Leaders ◽  
License Plate Readers

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to document the diffusion of license plate readers (LPRs) in the USA, examining the variety, evolution and tracking of their uses through a national survey. Design/methodology/approach This study employs a national, stratified, representative survey of US law enforcement agencies with 100 or more officers. Findings LPR technology is currently used by at least two-thirds of larger police agencies, which represents a more than threefold increase in LPR acquisition in the last 10 years. The number of LPRs per agency, while small (about eight on average), has also more than doubled. Federal and state funding, advocacy by law enforcement leaders, and the intuitive appeal of LPRs have likely contributed to this rapid adoption. While LPRs are still primarily used to detect and recover stolen automobiles in patrol, their use has expanded into other types of investigative and security functions. Despite the increased use and numbers of LPRs in policing, their use is highly discretionary and infrequently tracked. Practical implications LPRs continue to be widely used in law enforcement, despite a lack of strong research evidence for their crime prevention benefits. Further studies are needed on the most effective ways for agencies to utilize small numbers of LPRs and the potential return on investment for acquiring larger numbers of the devices. Originality/value This study tracks the history of LPR diffusion and use and goes beyond prior law enforcement surveys by examining specific uses of LPRs and the extent to which agencies track their uses and outcomes.

Money laundering through raw diamonds

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Maximilian Johannes Teichmann ◽  
Marie-Christin Falker
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Compliance Officers ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Combat Money Laundering

Purpose This paper aims to illustrate how illegally obtained funds are laundered through raw diamonds in Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein and Switzerland. Design/methodology/approach To identify specific money laundering techniques involving raw diamonds, this study used a qualitative content analysis of data collected from 60 semi-standardized interviews with both criminals and prevention experts and a quantitative survey of 200 compliance officers. Findings Raw diamonds are extraordinarily suitable for money laundering in European German-speaking countries. In particular, they may be used in all three stages of the laundering process, namely, placement, layering and integration. Research limitations/implications Because the qualitative findings are based on semi-standardized interviews, their insights are limited to the perspectives of the 60 interviewees. Practical implications Identifying gaps in existing anti-money laundering mechanisms should provide compliance officers, law enforcement agencies and legislators with valuable insights into how criminals operate. Originality/value While prior studies focus on the methods used by organizations to combat money laundering and how to improve anti-money laundering measures, this paper investigates how money launderers operate to avoid detection, thereby illustrating authentic experiences. Its findings provide valuable insights into the minds of money launderers and combines criminal perspective with that of prevention experts.

Building Bridges Between Researchers and Police Practitioners in Small and Midsize Law Enforcement Agencies in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 104398622199988
Author(s):  
Janice Iwama ◽  
Jack McDevitt ◽  
Robert Bieniecki
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Local Police ◽  
Police Agencies

Although partnerships between researchers and police practitioners have increased over the last few decades in some of the largest police agencies in the United States, very few small agencies have engaged in a partnership with a researcher. Of the 18,000 local police agencies in the United States, small agencies with less than 25 sworn officers make up about three quarters of all police agencies. To support future collaborations between researchers and smaller police agencies, like those in Douglas County, Kansas, this article identifies challenges that researchers can address and explores how these relationships can benefit small police agencies across the United States.

scholarly journals TOPICAL ISSUES OF PROFESSIONAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SUITABILY IN THE SYSTEM OF THE MIA OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 211-218
Author(s):  
Somon Latifzoda
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Psychological Characteristics ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Internal Affairs ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Psychological Diagnostics

This article discusses the main problems and issues of professional and psychological suitability in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Tajikistan. The analysis of the existing scientific literature was carried out, and also the author's recommendations were formulated to improve the professional training and professional suitability of the employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Along with the professional training of police officers, their psychological qualities also play a decisive role in ensuring efficiency in operational-search activities. The quality and effectiveness of the implementation of operational-search activities, then its level directly depends on the psychological characteristics of the operative and his professional training. It should be noted that scientifically grounded conclusions about the professional and psychological suitability of employees can only be achieved with the help of high-quality and correct psychological diagnostics, that is, using psychometric methods. The basis for the survey of professional and psychological suitability, the procedure, procedure, conditions and terms of the survey, cases of re-examination are determined by regulatory legal acts. Consequently, the research and scientifically grounded measures to determine professional suitability in the internal affairs bodies of the Republic of Tajikistan are relevant, and the scientifically grounded results obtained as a result of our research can be used to further improve the professional and psychological selection to the law enforcement agencies of the country.

Identification of operational demand in law enforcement agencies

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcio Pereira Basilio ◽  
Valdecy Pereira ◽  
Gabrielle Brum
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Text Mining ◽  
Knowledge Discovery ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Latent Dirichlet Allocation ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a methodology for knowledge discovery in emergency response service databases based on police occurrence reports, generating information to help law enforcement agencies plan actions to investigate and combat criminal activities. Design/methodology/approach The developed model employs a methodology for knowledge discovery involving text mining techniques and uses latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) with collapsed Gibbs sampling to obtain topics related to crime. Findings The method used in this study enabled identification of the most common crimes that occurred in the period from 1 January to 31 December of 2016. An analysis of the identified topics reaffirmed that crimes do not occur in a linear manner in a given locality. In this study, 40 per cent of the crimes identified in integrated public safety area 5, or AISP 5 (the historic centre of the city of RJ), had no correlation with AISP 19 (Copacabana – RJ), and 33 per cent of the crimes in AISP 19 were not identified in AISP 5. Research limitations/implications The collected data represent the social dynamics of neighbourhoods in the central and southern zones of the city of Rio de Janeiro during the specific period from January 2013 to December 2016. This limitation implies that the results cannot be generalised to areas with different characteristics. Practical implications The developed methodology contributes in a complementary manner to the identification of criminal practices and their characteristics based on police occurrence reports stored in emergency response databases. The generated knowledge enables law enforcement experts to assess, reformulate and construct differentiated strategies for combating crimes in a given locality. Social implications The production of knowledge from the emergency service database contributes to the government integrating information with other databases, thus enabling the improvement of strategies to combat local crime. The proposed model contributes to research on big data, on the innovation aspect and on decision support, for it breaks with a paradigm of analysis of criminal information. Originality/value The originality of the study lies in the integration of text mining techniques and LDA to detect crimes in a given locality on the basis of the criminal occurrence reports stored in emergency response service databases.

Are we any good at protecting our societies and economies from the threat of economic crime and misconduct?

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1006-1013
Author(s):  
Domitilla Vanni
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Economic Crime ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
International Harmonisation ◽  
Close Cooperation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Taking Action ◽  
Economic Crimes ◽  
Italian Legislation

Purpose This paper aims to outline the Italian framework of rules against economic crime and to verify if Italian legislation provides for appropriate and effective measures according to own needs both at a national and European level. Design/methodology/approach The paper uses a comparative approach by examining the European and Italian legal systems for finding analogies and differences between them. Findings The study has revealed the need of a greater international harmonisation of criminal laws and penalties as well as the transnationality of the economic crime cuts the chance of success of every national strategy, given that transnational criminals are encouraged by the awareness that their cross-border activities complicate law-enforcement efforts against them. Research limitations/implications To maintain a common international level in the protection of individuals from the risk of economic crimes and to enforce the effectiveness of European and national regulations. Practical implications The achievement of a high level of protection, for public security and social cohesion, to prevent and reduce economic crimes, in particular, cybercrimes. Social implications To ensure a high level of security for the general public by taking action against money laundering, cybercrimes and other sorts of misconducts. Originality/value Fighting economic crime requires the close cooperation of law enforcements from different countries, which the traditional law enforcement institutions are not designed to provide.

College cops: a study of education and policing in California

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 648-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christie Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
The State ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Police Education ◽  
The Usa ◽  
College Educated

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to describe the state of police education in California. There is limited national data on the topic and this study aims to improve our knowledge by studying the state with the highest number of law enforcement officers in the USA. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 162 local law enforcement agencies (police and sheriffs’ departments) in California completed a 32-question electronic survey about police education and training. Findings – Findings reveal that California agencies are more likely than agencies nationwide to offer incentives to encourage officers to pursue higher education. Although most departments require only a high school diploma, 35 percent of sworn officers are college graduates. Most college-educated officers are employed by medium and large sized agencies in urban counties which pay above-average salaries. Research limitations/implications – This paper demonstrates how the prevalence of educated police officers varies and that higher education requirements do not adversely affect the hiring of female officers. It also provides insight from police managers regarding their concerns about requiring a four-year degree and perceptions of whether college-educated officers are actually better officers than non-college-educated officers. Practical implications – Research findings may be instructive to police managers wanting to increase the number of sworn officers in their agency who hold a college degree. Originality/value – It adds to the literature by describing the education level of police officers in California and providing information about the educational requirements and incentives offered to officers by law enforcement agencies. No previous study has addressed this topic, even though California employs 12 percent of all sworn peace officers in the USA.

Race, again: how face recognition technology reinforces racial discrimination

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-335
Author(s):  
Fabio Bacchini ◽  
Ludovica Lorusso
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Black People ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Software Companies ◽  
Causal Pathways ◽  
State And Local

Purpose This study aims to explore whether face recognition technology – as it is intensely used by state and local police departments and law enforcement agencies – is racism free or, on the contrary, is affected by racial biases and/or racist prejudices, thus reinforcing overall racial discrimination. Design/methodology/approach The study investigates the causal pathways through which face recognition technology may reinforce the racial disproportion in enforcement; it also inquires whether it further discriminates black people by making them experience more racial discrimination and self-identify more decisively as black – two conditions that are shown to be harmful in various respects. Findings This study shows that face recognition technology, as it is produced, implemented and used in Western societies, reinforces existing racial disparities in stop, investigation, arrest and incarceration rates because of racist prejudices and even contributes to strengthen the unhealthy effects of racism on historically disadvantaged racial groups, like black people. Practical implications The findings hope to make law enforcement agencies and software companies aware that they must take adequate action against the racially discriminative effects of the use of face recognition technology. Social implications This study highlights that no implementation of an allegedly racism-free biometric technology is safe from the risk of racially discriminating, simply because each implementation leans against our society, which is affected by racism in many persisting ways. Originality/value While the ethical survey of biometric technologies is traditionally framed in the discourse of universal rights, this study explores an issue that has not been deeply scrutinized so far, that is, how face recognition technology differently affects distinct racial groups and how it contributes to racial discrimination.

Accreditation in police agencies

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Hougland ◽  
Ross Wolf
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
External Review ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Self Study ◽  
Police Agencies ◽  
Citizen Complaints

Accreditation suggests an organisation has met standards of quality through extensive self-study and external review. This study examines the influence of Commission on Accreditation for Law Enforcement Agencies (CALEA) accreditation on citizen complaints. We identified the accredited status of the agencies included in the 2007 LEMAS report as CALEA-accredited or non-accredited resulting in a final sample size for this study of 628 agencies (CALEA accredited = 314, non-accredited = 314). Findings suggest that no difference exists between CALEA-accredited agencies and non-accredited agencies in: (1) the total number of complaints received; (2) the number of sustained citizen complaints.

Pakistan counterinsurgency plan promises mixed results

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Provincial Capital ◽  
Civilian Authority ◽  
The Military

Significance Claiming the lives of at least 21 people, this was the deadliest attack since the TTP siege on an army school in the provincial capital of Peshawar in mid-December 2014. Impacts The counterinsurgency campaign will allow the military to override and erode civilian authority. Islamabad's compliance with the military's security policy boosts the longevity of Nawaz Sharif's government. The bolstering of civilian law enforcement agencies is necessary, but unlikely for the foreseeable future.

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