Preparation and characterization of fluorine-containing soap-free acrylic emulsion

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilu Gong ◽  
Tantan Shao ◽  
Lijun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Repellency ◽  
Butyl Methacrylate ◽  
Undecylenic Acid ◽  
Functional Monomer ◽  
Acrylic Emulsion ◽  
Acrylic Polymer ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Functional Monomers ◽  
Polymerizable Emulsifier ◽  
Emulsion Polymerisation

Purpose Fluorine materials have received the keen attention of many researchers because of their water repellency and low surface free energy. The purpose of this paper is to prepare fluorine-containing soap-free acrylic emulsion, which sodium allyoxypropyl hydroxypropyl sulfonate (COPS-1) and anionic emulsifier sodium a-alkenyl sulfonate (a-AOS) were combined as polymerizable emulsifier, and undecylenic acid (UA) and dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate(DFMA) were introduced as functional monomer. Design/methodology/approach The fluorinated polyacrylate emulsion was successfully prepared by semi-continuous seed emulsion polymerization, wherein the main monomers were methyl methacrylate (MMA) and butyl methacrylate (BA), and the initiator was potassium persulfate (KPS). Sodium alloxypropyl sulfonate (COPS-1) and an anionic emulsifier sodium a-alkenyl sulfonate (a-AOS) were compounded as a polymerizable emulsifier. Besides, undecylenic acid (UA) and dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFMA) were introduced as the functional monomers. Findings The optimum recipe of preparing the modified latex is as follows: the amount of emulsifier was 4%, the ratio of emulsifier (COPS-1: AOS) was 3: 1, and the content of initiator was 0.6%. In this case, the conversion rate of acrylic polymer emulsion was high and the polymerization stability was good. When the amount of monomer UA was 2% and the amount of DFMA was 4%, the overall performance of the emulsion was the best. Originality/value The fluorine-containing soap-free acrylic emulsion is prepared via semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerisation, which sodium allyoxypropyl hydroxypropyl sulfonate (COPS-1) and anionic emulsifier sodium a-alkenyl sulfonate (a-AOS) were combined as polymerizable emulsifier, and undecylenic acid (UA) and dodecafluoroheptyl methacrylate (DFMA) were introduced as functional monomer. There are two main innovations. One is that the fluorine-containing soap-free acrylic emulsion is prepared successfully. The other is that the undecylenic acid is introduced as functional monomer.

Influence of Acrylic Emulsion on Polymer-Cement Waterproof Coating

2015 ◽  
Vol 1129 ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Jing Jiang ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
Hong Song Wang ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Qian Tian
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Property ◽  
Cement Mortar ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Functional Monomer ◽  
Acrylic Emulsion ◽  
Functional Monomers ◽  
Acrylic Latex ◽  
Polymer Latex

In this study, effects of polymer-cement (P/C) ratio, glass transition temperature (Tg); amounts of functional monomers (acrylic acid, hydroxypropyl methacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate, diacetone acrylamide) on properties of polymer cement mortar were investigated. According of the tensile test, breaking elongation (ε) and the tensile strength (δ) of polymer latex-cement composites with low P/C ratio were mainly depended on Tg, differential Tg value between layer and shell in acrylic latex (ΔTg) and the amounts of functional monomer. Additionally, at a low P/C ratio, it was found that the cross-linking rate had small effect of tensile property. It was determined that the waterproofing coatings III with a low P/C (0.12) showed the excellent tensile property when the Tg and the ΔTg of the acrylic latex were controlled at -24°Cand -20°C, respectively.

Preparation and characterisation of modified VAc-VeoVa10 latex

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilu Gong ◽  
Tantan Shao ◽  
Xiuming Wang ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Zhijuan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Latex Film ◽  
Mixed Surfactants ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Emulsion Polymerisation ◽  
Silicon Materials

Purpose Fluorine and silicon materials have received the keen attention of many researchers because of their water repellency and low surface free energy. The purpose this study was to prepare vinyl acetate (VAc)-vinyl ester of neodecanoic acid (VeoVa 10) copolymer latex modified with fluorine and silicone monomer, which is emulsified with the novel surfactants of disodium laureth sulfosuccinate (MES) and octylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (OP-10). Design/methodology/approach A series of modified latices containing fluorine-silicon have been prepared by semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerisation of mixed monomers of VAc, VeoVa10, hexafluorobutylmethacrylate (HFMA) and vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) and emulsified by novel surfactants of MES and OP-10. Findings The optimum conditions for preparing the modified latex is as follows: the amount of the surfactant was 4.0 Wt.% and the mass ratio of the anionic and nonionic surfactant was 3:1; the dosage of initiator was 0.4 Wt.% and the mass ratio of the main monomer was 3:1; and the amounts of VTES and HFMA were 2.0 and 6.0 Wt.%, respectively. In comparison with the conventional latex, the hydrophobicity of latex film was improved further. Originality/value The modified p (VAC-VeoVa) latex is prepared via semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerisation, which is emulsified with the novel mixed surfactants of MES and OP-10. There are two main innovations. One is that the novel p (VAC-VeoVa) latex containing fluorine-silicon is prepared successfully. The other is that the emulsifier is composed of the novel mixed surfactants of MES and OP-10.

scholarly journals Transparency- and Repellency-Enhanced Acrylic-Based Binder for Stimuli-Responsive Road Paint Safety Improvement Technology

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6829
Author(s):  
Won-Bin Lim ◽  
Ji-Hong Bae ◽  
Gyu-Hyeok Lee ◽  
Ju-Hong Lee ◽  
Jin-Gyu Min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycidyl Ether ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Ring Structure ◽  
Butyl Methacrylate ◽  
Stimuli Responsive ◽  
Acrylic Polymer ◽  
Acrylic Monomer ◽  
Road Signs ◽  
Safety Improvement

In the current study, an acrylic polymer binder applicable to road signs was successfully developed by mixing various acrylic, acrylate-type, and photoinitiator-based monomer species at different acrylate series/silicone acrylate ratios. An amorphous acrylic monomer was used, and the distance between the polymers was increased to improve transparency. The binder was designed with the purpose of reducing the yellowing phenomenon due to resonance by excluding the aromatic ring structure, which is the main cause of yellowing. The optical properties of the binder were determined according to the content of n-butyl methacrylate/methyl methacrylate and the composition of the crosslinking agent in the formulation. Allyl glycidyl ether and dilauroyl peroxide were used to improve the yellowing problem of benzoyl peroxide, an aromatic photoinitiator. Adding a silicone-based trivalent acrylic monomer, 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate (TMSPMA), was also found to have a significant effect on the transparency, shear properties, and water resistance of the binder. When 15 wt% TMSPMA was added, the best water repellency and mechanical properties were exhibited. The surface morphology of the improved binder and the peeling part were confirmed using field emission scanning electron microscopy. The acrylic polymer developed in this study can be applied in the coating and adhesive industries.

scholarly journals Solid-phase extraction of selected acidic pharmaceuticals from wastewater using a molecularly imprinted polymer

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Silindile Senamile Zunngu
Keyword(s):  
Binding Energy ◽  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Functional Monomer ◽  
Imprinted Polymer ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted ◽  
Functional Monomers ◽  
Cross Linker

In this study, molecular modeling was used to investigate the intermolecular interactions between the functional monomer and ketoprofen which is an acidic pharmaceutical that possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities. Ketoprofen is widely employed in medical care for treating musculoskeletal injury. This led to rational design of a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) that is selective to ketoprofen. Density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP/6-31 level was used to investigate the intermolecular interaction between functional monomers and ketoprofen. Binding energy, ΔE, was used as an indication of the strength of the interaction that occurs between functional monomers and ketoprofen. 2-vinylpyridine (2-VP) as one of the functional monomers gave the lowest binding energy when compared to all the functional monomers investigated. Monomer-template interactions were further experimentally investigated using spectroscopic techniques such as Ultraviolet-visible and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). A selective MIP for ketoprofen was synthesized using 2-vinylpyridine, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 1,1’-azobis(cyclohexanecarbonitrile), toluene/acetonitrile (9:1, v/v), and ketoprofen as a functional monomer, cross-linker, initiator, porogenic mixture, and template, respectively. The polymerization was performed at 60 °C for 16 h, and thereafter the temperature was increased to 80 °C for 24 h to achieve a solid monolith polymer. The non-imprinted polymer (NIP) was synthesized in a similar manner with the omission of ketoprofen. Characterization with thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the synthesized polymers were thermally stable and amorphous. Morphology of the particles were clearly visible, with MIP showing rough and irregular surface compared to NIP on the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The characterization of the prominent functional groups on both MIP and NIP were performed using FTIR and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The existence of hydroxyl was observed in the MIP; this was due to the presence of ketoprofen in the cavity. Prominent carbonyl group was an indication of the cross-linker present in both polymers. The synthesized MIP was applied as a selective sorbent in the solid-phase extraction of ketoprofen from the water. The extracted ketoprofen was monitored by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with UV/Vis detector. Several parameters were investigated for maximum recovery of ketoprofen from the spiked deionized water. The optimum method involved the conditioning of 14 mg MIP sorbent with 5 mL of methanol followed by equilibrating with 5 mL of deionized water adjusted to pH 2.5. Thereafter, 50 mL sample (pH 5) was loaded into the cartridge containing MIP sorbent followed by washing and eluting with 1% TEA/H2O and 100% methanol, respectively. Eluted compounds were quantified with HPLC. MIP was more selective to ketoprofen in the presence of other structural related competitors. The analytical method gave detection limits of 0.23, 0.17, and 0.09 mg L-1 in wastewater influent, effluent, and deionized water, respectively. The recovery for the wastewater influent and effluent spiked with 5 µg L-1 of ketoprofen was 68%, whereas 114% was obtained for deionized water. The concentrations of ketoprofen in the influent and effluent samples were in the ranges of 22.5 - 34.0 and 1.14 - 5.33 mg.L-1, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) given as ± values indicates that the developed analytical method for the analysis of ketoprofen in wastewater was rapid, affordable, accurate, precise, sensitive, and selective.

scholarly journals A novel fluorescent functional monomer as the recognition element in core–shell imprinted sensors responding to concentration of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 6083-6089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baixiang Ren ◽  
Huan Qi ◽  
Xiuying Li ◽  
Lihui Liu ◽  
Lin Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Core Shell ◽  
Functional Monomer ◽  
Molecularly Imprinted ◽  
Functional Monomers ◽  
Recognition Element

We have demonstrated a molecularly imprinted sensor with a fluorescent functional monomer instead of the traditional functional monomers to detect 2,4,6-TCP.

The Preparation of Core/Shell Particles with Siloxane in the Shell

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 721-726
Author(s):  
Shunsheng Cao ◽  
Xiaobo Deng ◽  
Bailing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Dispersion Medium ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Butyl Methacrylate ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
The Core ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Seeding Method ◽  
Emulsion Polymerisation ◽  
Shell Particles ◽  
Methacryloxypropyl Trimethoxysilane

Core-shell microspheres ranging in average diameter from 12.829 to 15.039 μm, with a poly butyl methacrylate (BMA) core, and a poly 3-(methacryloxypropyl)-trimethoxysilane (MATS) shell, were prepared with methanol as the dispersion medium, by a successive seeding method under kinetically controlled conditions. To date, although some of particles (PSi/PA) have been prepared by seeded emulsion polymerisation, only a few core/shell (PA/PSi) microspheres have been reported the literatures. To prepare core/shell (PA/PSi), the core was first synthesized by dispersion polymerisation and to form seeds; addition of MATS monomer was started after 90~95% conversion of the BMA. The reaction was prolonged for another 12 h to achieve complete consumption of MATS monomer. Microspheres; containing hydrophilic PBMA as the core and hydrophobic PMATS as the shell, were successfully formed through the free radical of surface in the core. The particles morphology and size distribution were examined using a Transmission electron microscope and a Malvern Master Sizer/E particle size analyser, respectively.

Influence of the Chemical Structure of Functional Monomers on Their Adhesive Performance

2008 ◽  
Vol 87 (8) ◽  
pp. 757-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.L. Van Landuyt ◽  
Y. Yoshida ◽  
I. Hirata ◽  
J. Snauwaert ◽  
J. De Munck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Chemical Bonding ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Calcium Salt ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Functional Monomer ◽  
Functional Monomers ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Adhesive Performance

Functional monomers in adhesive systems can improve bonding by enhancing wetting and demineralization, and by chemical bonding to calcium. This study tested the hypothesis that small changes in the chemical structure of functional monomers may improve their bonding effectiveness. Three experimental phosphonate monomers (HAEPA, EAEPA, and MAEPA), with slightly different chemical structures, and 10-MDP (control) were evaluated. Adhesive performance was determined in terms of microtensile bond strength of 4 cements that differed only for the functional monomer. Based on the Adhesion-Decalcification concept, the chemical bonding potential was assessed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry of the dissolution rate of the calcium salt of the functional monomers. High bond strength of the adhesive cement corresponded to low dissolution rate of the calcium salt of the respective functional monomer. The latter is according to the Adhesion-Decalcification concept, suggestive of a high chemical bonding capacity. We conclude that the adhesive performance of an adhesive material depends on the chemical structure of the functional monomer.

Investigation of sewing and water repellent performance of outdoor clothing

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaşar Erayman Yüksel ◽  
Yasemin Korkmaz
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Textile Materials ◽  
Sewing Threads ◽  
Reduced Water ◽  
Seam Pucker

Purpose Durability of textile materials under wet conditions has become very important in recent years. The water repellency performance of fabrics should be maintained in the seam areas. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of water repellent agents and sewing threads on the seam and water repellency performance properties of woven fabrics. Design/methodology/approach 100 percent polyester woven fabrics were treated with three different water repellent finishing agents (silicone, fluorocarbons with 6 and 8 carbons) and then sewn with different sewing threads (unfinished/water repellent finished polyester/cotton corespun and polyamide filament). Afterwards, mechanical properties, seam performance and water repellency properties of these materials were measured. Findings The effect of finishing which was statistically significant on seam strength only in warp direction was significant on seam elongation and efficiency in both warp and weft directions. Seam strength, seam efficiency, seam slippage and seam pucker of fabrics sewn with polyamide threads were higher than others. The fluorocarbons applied to the fabrics gave higher water repellency values than silicones. In addition, as the chain length increased in fluorocarbons, water repellency performance increased. Sewing process reduced water resistance of fabrics; however, water repellent finish applied to the threads increased water resistance of fabrics. Originality/value As a result of the literature review, it was seen that water repellency property of a wear were studied in only seamless areas of fabrics. Originality of this study is that the water repellency properties are also analyzed in the seam areas of the fabrics and evaluated together with the seam performance characteristics.

Synthesis of Styrene-Acrylic Emulsion Modified with Hydroxyl Phosphate and its Corrosion Properties

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 1157-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Xiang Xu ◽  
Qian Yu ◽  
Tan Ting Lin ◽  
Huang Yao ◽  
Lin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Coating Film ◽  
Functional Monomer ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
Acrylic Emulsion ◽  
Excellent Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Overall Performance

The styrene-acrylic emulsion modified by the ethylsiloxane as a cross-linking monomer and the hydroxyl phosphate as a flash-rust functional monomer was synthesized. The waterborne anti-corrosion coating film prepared by the styrene-acrylic emulsion exhibits a good overall performance, especially the an excellent corrosion resistance.

Synthesis and properties of novel self-crosslinked cationic fluorinated acrylic latex prepared with novel emulsified system

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-264
Author(s):  
Wen Li ◽  
Zhongbin Bao ◽  
Lijun Chen ◽  
Dongshun Deng
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Gemini Surfactants ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Mixed Surfactants ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Acrylic Latex ◽  
Emulsion Polymerisation

Purpose At present, the conventional method of preparing cationic fluorinated acrylic latex is to emulsify copolymerised monomers with cationic surfactants. However, there has been a wide concern about using Gemini surfactants to prepare cationic polymer latex to improve its properties. The purpose of this paper was to focus on the synthesis of novel self-crosslinked cationic fluorinated acrylic latex (SCFAL), during which the copolymerised monomers were initiated with a water soluble azo initiator and emulsified with mixed surfactants of Gemini emulsifier and alkyl polyglycoside (APG). Design/methodology/approach The novel SCFAL was prepared successfully by the semi-continuous seeded emulsion polymerisation of butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (HFMA) and hydroxy propyl methacrylate (HPMA) in aqueous medium. Findings The conversion is the maximum and the coagulation percentage the minimum when the amounts of emulsifier and initiator are 8 and 0.6 per cent, respectively. The average particle size of the latex is significantly reduced with the increase of the amount of emulsifiers used. However, the average particle size of the latex is increased with the increase of the amount of HPMA. The particle size of the latex is of a unimodal distribution, which means that the particle size was reasonably uniform. Contact angle is increased with the increase of the amount of the HFMA. Practical implications The novel SCFAL can be widely used as significant components in the field of coatings, leather, textile, paper, adhesives and so on. Originality/value SCFAL, which was emulsified with novel mixed surfactants of Gemini surfactant and APG, has been prepared successfully. Influences of amount of initiator, emulsifier, HPMA and HFMA on emulsion polymerisation and/or properties of novel latex are investigated in detail.

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