Tenacity and colorfastness properties of chemically modified jute fibres dyed with Reactive Orange 14 and Basic Violet 14

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
Md Asadul Hoque ◽  
Md Saiduzzaman ◽  
A. Nayeem Faruqui ◽  
Md Ashadul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Soap Solution ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Dye Uptake ◽  
Cellulosic Fibre ◽  
Light Fastness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Dye Absorption ◽  
Reactive Orange

Purpose This paper aims to examine the loss of tenacity and colorfastness properties of bleached and modified (acrylonitrile, AN and methacrylonitrile, MAN) jute fibres dyed with Reactive Orange 14 and Basic Violet 14. Design/methodology/approach Jute fibres dyed with Reactive Orange 14 and Basic Violet 14 were studied as a function of exposure to sunlight in air, washing with soap solution and spotting with acids and alkalis. Findings Dye absorption of Basic Violet 14 was higher compared to Reactive Orange 14 at optimum dyeing conditions. Optimum dye uptake of Reactive Orange 14 required relatively severe conditions compared to that of Basic Violet 14. Whereas, Reactive Orange 14 showed overall good colorfastness to sunlight and moderate in washing compared to Basic Violet 14. All the bleached and modified fibres showed good colorfastness to weak acids and alkalis regardless of Reactive Orange 14 and Basic Violet 14 dyes. The loss in tenacity was higher in the case of non-modified fibres, and among the modified fibres, Basic Violet 14 showed the lowest loss in tenacity in the exposure to sunlight. Originality/value Many studies have been devoted to improve the substantivity of cellulosic fibre for reactive dyes. A few efforts were made to improve the light fastness. In this work, investigation will be made on a comparative study of loss of tenacity and colorfastness properties of bleached and modified (AN and MAN) jute fibres dyed with both Reactive Orange 14 and Basic Violet 14 on exposure to sunlight, washing and acid and alkali spotting. Optimum dyeing conditions will also be investigated for economic dyeing.

Single bath dyeing of modified nylon/cotton blended fabrics using direct/acid dyes

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
Kashif Iqbal ◽  
Amjed Javid ◽  
Abdur Rehman ◽  
Aisha Rehman ◽  
Munir Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Positive Charge ◽  
Dye Uptake ◽  
Acid Dyes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Color Yield ◽  
Single Bath ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This study aims to deal with the dyeing of nylon-/cotton-blended fabric in one bath using direct and acid dyes. Design/methodology/approach The cellulose in cotton/nylon-blended fabric was chemically modified using 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl tri-methyl ammonium chloride (CHPTAC) as cationizing agent to impart positive charge on the cellulose. The modified and unmodified blended fabrics were dyed in a single bath with direct and acid dyes under various concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 per cent on the weight of fabric by exhaust method. The dyeing of modified and unmodified fabrics was characterized through the properties such as K/S and colorfastness to washing, rubbing and light. Findings The modified fabric exhibited higher color yield, comparable rubbing fastness and good washing fastness. Originality/value The dye uptake was maximum in a single-bath dyeing process of nylon-/cotton-blended fabrics without electrolyte addition, which minimizes the impact of dyes on environment.

A study on comparative colour fading in daylight and xenon arc lamp

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-17
Author(s):  
Asim Kumar Roy Choudhury ◽  
Biswapati Chatterjee
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Social Implications ◽  
Direct Dyes ◽  
Light Fastness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
High Repeatability ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare light fastness assessments by exposure of fabric dyes with various dyes in daylight and an artificial xenon arc lamp. Design/methodology/approach Cotton fabric dyed with 66 reactive, vat, azoic and direct dyes dyed in different depths were exposed to daylight and Xenon arc lamp for assessment of light fastness by standard methods. The light fastness rating and fading hours by the two methods were analysed and compared statistically. Findings The correlation between the corresponding light fastness rating (LFR) measured in Xenotest and daylight is quite high (0.93). The logarithmic correlation coefficients between fading hour (FH) and LFR in Xenotest and daylight are 0.95 and 0.88, respectively. For Xenotest, the assessed LFRs are same as those predicted from geometric progression up to LFR of 5.5, and thereafter, the former is higher. On the other hand, in the case of daylight, the assessed LFR is lower. Assessments for three successive seasons showed high repeatability in case of Xenotest and moderate repeatability in case of daylight. Assessments for three successive seasons showed high repeatability in case of Xenotest and moderate repeatability in case of daylight. Research limitations/implications The exposure conditions in daylight cannot be controlled or standardised, whereas the exposure in Xenon arc lamp in the accelerated fading instrument can be strictly controlled. These differences in exposure control may affect the repeatability of experimental findings. Practical implications Inconsistent ratings may be because of little deterioration of samples during storage, as well as seasonal variation of daylight. Social implications There are no direct social implications. Originality/value The researches on the comparison of the two light fastness assessment methods have not been reported in any recent publication to the best our knowledge.

Pitting inhibition in fiber dyeing solutions by two oxyanions

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
A. Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Cyclic Polarization ◽  
Aisi 316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reactive Dyeing ◽  
Anodic Protection ◽  
Dye Absorption ◽  
High Absorption ◽  
Better Than

Purpose Pitting inhibition efficiency of SO4− and NO3− on AISI 316L stainless steel in contact with Cl−-containing fiber dyeing solutions together with the influence of the anions on absorption behavior of the solutions were investigated. The purpose of the study is to experimentally determine an optimized dyeing solution efficient on both – inhibition of the steel’s pitting and exhaustion of the dyes dissolved. Design/methodology/approach Methods such as electrochemical cyclic polarization, UV-visible range spectrophotometry and scanning electron microscopy have been used to assess the performance of two inhibitors on both pitting inhibition of the steel and dissolving ability over the reactive dyes. To find out a promising dyeing solution mixture in both aspects, Cl content of the original dyeing solution was replaced gradually with the inhibiting anions, where the total anionic content was kept constant to unchange the dye exhaustion potential of the solution. Then, those solutions came out with diverse pitting inhibition, and dye absorption levels were compared together for reducing/avoiding the pitting issues of the reactive dyeing vessels of the industry. Findings Rather high absorption levels detected by visible range spectrophotometry on the solutions showing sound inhibition levels indicated possibility of unaltered reactive dyeing qualities with an enhanced vessel lifetime as the inhibitive anions replace Cl−. Nitrate performed better than sulfate both on inhibition and absorption in the dyeing solutions. Also, 316L vessels became open to an extra anodic protection in inhibitor added solutions. Research limitations/implications The findings are valid for a certain group of reactive dyes and dyeing solutions held at 70°C. However, the testing methods are available to almost any dyeing solution and dyeing temperature. Originality/value The work presents a combined testing of pitting inhibition and absorption behavior of dyeing solutions involving Cl− that has not been reported so far. It shows that solution recipes least harmful to the steel vessels can be outlined for various reactive or other types of dye groups.

Production of efficient enzymes for flax retting by solid state fermentation with Aspergillus niger

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Yinghua ◽  
Liu Xiaolan ◽  
Zheng Xiqun ◽  
Wang Lu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Enzyme Production ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Inoculum Size ◽  
Cellulosic Fibre ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Citrus Peel ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Scanning Electron

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the optimum culture condition of flax-retting enzyme, and applying the enzyme liquors to retting. In addition to research the structure of flax stem in enzyme retting using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Design/methodology/approach – The influence of cultural parameters such as moisture level, temperature, incubation time and inoculum size were evaluated with respect to polygalacturonase and xylanase yield. The structure of flax stem was revealed by SEM. Findings – The flax was retted by dilute enzyme liquors (polygalacturonase/25 U/ml, xylanase/1 U/ml), and 24-h retting period was obtained. The SEM studies revealed the removal of a large amount of non-cellulosic gummy material of flax stem in enzyme retting. Originality/value – First, flax-retting enzyme containing higher-yield polygalacturonase, lower-yield xylanase and no cellulose was yielded by SSF. Second, the composition of enzyme could meet flax retting and no damage cellulosic fibre. Finally, only low-cost wheat bran, citrus peel powder and mineral salt were employed in substrate, which could reduce the overall cost of enzyme production and flax retting.

Antibacterial evaluation of cotton fabrics by using novel sulfonamide reactive dyes

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hatem E. Gaffer ◽  
Mohamed R. Elgohary ◽  
Hassan Ali Etman ◽  
Saad Shaaban
Keyword(s):  
Diazonium Salt ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Coupling Reaction ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Fastness Properties ◽  
Light Fastness ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cellulose Fabrics

Purpose The purpose of this paper was to synthesize novel antibacterial reactive dyes for dyeing cotton fabrics. Design/methodology/approach Four synthetic novel antibacterial reactive dyes based on sulfonamide (D1-D4) have been synthesized by the coupling reaction of sulfonamide diazonium salt with sulfonamido-cyanurated 7-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid “j-acid”. The chemical structure of the synthesized dyes was secured by their spectral data [infra red (IR) and proton Nuclear magnetic Resonance (1HNMR)]. Findings The prepared reactive dyes (D1-D4) were applied to cotton fabrics. Optimum conditions of the dying samples at sodium sulfate 100 g/l, liquor ratio (L.R.) 1:10, sodium carbonate 20 g/l at 80°C (D1, D2 and D4), 60°C (D3 for 60 min) were investigated. The fastness properties toward washing, perspiration, rubbing and light were evaluated. Dyed fabrics showed good light fastness property and good to very good washing and perspiration fastness properties according to the gray scale. Antimicrobial activities for synthesized dyes showed excellent activity against gram-negative organisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis faecalis, whereas very good activity against gram-positive organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis with respect to the standard drugs ampicillin and chloramphenicol. Originality/value The principle advantages in this study were that the synthesis of novel synthesized dyes by introducing bisulfonamide-based moieties to increase the antimicrobial activity of the cellulose fabrics could be used as a medical textile, short reaction time and reaction procedure conducted in few steps, the work up is convenient and thus the starting material can be easily prepared.

Decolorization of reactive dyes, Part I: eco-friendly approach of reactive dye effluents decolorization using cationized sugarcane bagasse

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amal A. Aly ◽  
Safia A. Mahmoud ◽  
Morsy Ahmed El-Apasery
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Reactive Orange ◽  
Langmuir And Freundlich Models ◽  
Reactive Red 195

Purpose This paper aims to decolorize the effluents of textile Reactive Orange 5 and Reactive Red 195 dyes by using cationized sugarcane bagasse. Design/methodology/approach Cationized sugarcane bagasse was prepared and used as an adsorbent for both reactive and hydrolyzed reactive dyes. Characterization of the sugarcane bagasse structure resulted by cationization was monitored using Fourier transform–infrared, while morphologically was detected using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction. Findings The maximum adsorption capacities are 805, 1,664, 1,772 and 1,596 mg/g for Hydrolyzed Red 195, Hydrolyzed Orange 5, Reactive Red 195 and Reactive Orange 5 dyes, respectively. Research limitations/implications Factors affecting the percentage of dye removal were optimized on different parameters such as adsorbent dose and treatment time. The data were discussed using the Langmuir and Freundlich Models of adsorption. Practical implications The reuse of hydrolyzed reactive dyebaths gives reasonably good fastness properties on nylon fabrics. Social implications The study has enabled the production of an eco-friendly and less expensive method of reactive dye effluent decolorization. Originality/value The study provides a potentially simple approach to decolorize dye effluents of Reactive Orange 5, Red 195 dyes and also the reuse of hydrolyzed reactive dyebaths for dyeing nylon.

Investigation into the effect of resin finish on the functional characteristics of plain fabrics using different curing methods

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhana Naeem ◽  
Fareha Asim ◽  
Muhammad Tufail
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Light Fastness ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Yellowness Index ◽  
Acrylic Copolymer ◽  
Tear Strength ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Curing Methods ◽  
Cellulosic Fabric

Purpose Cellulosic fabric and plain weave are the most commonly used material in home textiles. The poor wrinkling, dimensional stability and pilling are some of the problems faced during usage. The textile industries apply resin finish to improve these characteristics. The purpose of this study is to improve pilling resistance, dimensional stability and smoothness appearance (SA) of rayon and rayon/cotton plain fabrics using different concentrations of dimethyloldihydroxyethylene urea (DMDHEU) and acrylic copolymer. The finish was fixed using two different fixation methods. Design/methodology/approach Three concentrations, 40, 100 and 150 g/l of Arkofix NF (DMDHE based) and Appretan N9211 (acrylic copolymer), were taken. The finish was applied at normal and shock cure. The effects of finish on pilling resistance, dimensional stability, smoothness, tear strength, light fastness, Berger whiteness and yellowness index of plain fabrics were investigated. Findings The changes in the characteristics of the finished fabrics were compared with unfinished fabrics. This study revealed that at 40 g/l of Arkofix NF and Appretan N9211 using a normal cure would improve the pilling resistance, dimensional stability and SA of the plain fabrics. Whereas, there was no adverse effect observed on tear strength, light fastness, Berger whiteness and yellowness index of plain fabrics at these conditions. Originality/value Unlike the previous studies, this paper proposed the single finish formulation where the functional characteristics of the plain rayon and rayon cotton fabrics meet the general requirement of a customer.

scholarly journals Vulnerable adults in police custody

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Ian Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Police Custody ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Vulnerable Adults

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the recent National Appropriate Adult Network (NAAN) report on the role of the appropriate adult. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on the NAAN report and a review of relevant policy and research literature. Findings There to Help 2 highlights that there are still significant gaps in the provision of appropriate adult schemes across England and Wales. These gaps potentially place vulnerable adults at increased risk. Originality/value This paper is a review of recent research.

Co-workers’ perceptions of and reactions to employee’s involuntary demotion

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 740-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Hennekam ◽  
Subramaniam Ananthram ◽  
Steve McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Emotional Reaction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Informational Justice ◽  
Behavioural Responses ◽  
Behavioural Reaction ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
The Way

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate how individuals perceive and react to the involuntary demotion of a co-worker in their organisation. Design/methodology/approach The authors draw on 46 semi-structured in-depth interviews (23 dyads) with co-workers of demoted individuals. Findings The findings suggest that an individual’s observation of the demotion of a co-worker has three stages: their perception of fairness, their emotional reaction and their behavioural reaction. The perception of fairness concerned issues of distributive, procedural, interpersonal and informational justice. The emotional responses identified were feelings of disappointment/disillusion, uncertainty, vulnerability and anger. Finally, the behavioural reactions triggered by their emotional responses included expressions of voice, loyalty, exit and adaptation. Originality/value Perceptions of (in)justice perpetrated on others stimulate emotional and behavioural responses, which impacts organisational functioning. Managers should therefore pay attention to the way a demotion is perceived, not only by those directly concerned, but also by co-workers as observers.

Consumer value creation through WhatsApp use

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-471
Author(s):  
Jorge Cruz-Cárdenas ◽  
Jorge Guadalupe-Lanas ◽  
Ekaterina Zabelina ◽  
Andrés Palacio-Fierro ◽  
Margarita Velín-Fárez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Role Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Consumer Value ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand in-depth how consumers create value in their lives using WhatsApp, the leading mobile instant messaging (MIM) application. Design/methodology/approach The study adopts the perspective of customer-dominant logic (CDL) and uses a qualitative multimethod design involving 3 focus groups and 25 subsequent in-depth interviews. The research setting was Ecuador, a Latin American country. Findings Analysis and interpretation of the participants’ stories made it possible to identify and understand the creation of four types of value: maintaining and strengthening relationships; improving role performance; emotional support; and entertainment and fun. In addition, the present study proposes a conceptual model of consumer value creation as it applies to MIM. Practical implications Understanding the way consumers create value in their lives using MIM is important not only for organizations that offer MIM applications, but also for those companies that develop other applications for mobile phones or for those who wish to use MIM as an electronic word-of-mouth vehicle. Originality/value The current study is one of the first to address the topic of consumer behavior in the use of technologies from the perspective of CDL; this perspective enables an integrated qualitative vision of value creation in which the consumer is the protagonist.

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