Ultralow emission micro-printing process for PET fibers using liquid disperse dye

The commercial powder disperse dye used for printing polyester fabrics exhibits many environmentally-unfriendly properties, especially the associated high wastewater emission. In this study, three kinds of liquid disperse dyes (C.I. Disperse Blue 291:1, (L-DB); C.I. Disperse Red 179, (L-DR), and C.I. Disperse Orange 30, (L-DO)), two kinds of binders (A and/or B), and a micro-printing process, were applied to polyester fabric, with the goal of reducing freshwater consumption while maintaining color fastness. The influences of rheological and printing performance and color fastness were studied. Home-made liquid dyes of L-DB, L-DR and L-DO were found to exhibit higher color depth, excellent color fastness, and ultralow emission of wastewater and waste residual during the micro-printing process. The binder comprised of silicone-modified polyacrylate was observed to increase dye uptake, reduce dye sublimation, and improve color fastness. The liquid dyes of L-DB, L-DR and L-DO also exhibit stable and better rheological properties, which appeared to have little effect on the viscosity of printing pastes when compared with commercial powder disperse dye of Blue 3GFL (C.I. Disperse Blue 291:1), Red 2B (C.I. Disperse Red 179) and Yellow brown S-4RL (C.I. Disperse Orange 30), respectively. Results of this micro-printing process indicated that it is an environmentally clean production technology.

Preparing cationic dyeable polyamide 6 filaments by combining the masterbatch technique with melt copolymerization

Cationic dyeable polyamide 6 (CD-PA6) fiber, as a novel functional polyamide 6 (PA6) fiber, conforms to people's requirements for fashion clothing. However, due to the limitation of the hetero-end groups after caprolactam hydrolysis, it is difficult to introduce comonomers into the PA6 molecular chain to prepare PA6-based polymers with a certain molecular weight and maintain the original physical properties and spinnability. In this paper, through molecular design of PA6 segments, 5-sulfoisophthalic acid monosodium salt (5-SSIPA) was introduced into PA6 by copolymerization, and a CD-PA6 masterbatch with an addition amount of 10 wt% was prepared. CD-PA6 were prepared by blending with pure PA6 with masterbatch technology. The melt-spinning method was used to prepare CD-PA6 filaments, and they were woven into fabrics. The results show that the CD-PA6 masterbatch and PA6 have good blending compatibility. CD-PA6 filaments and fabrics maintain the excellent physical properties of PA6. When the addition amount of 5-SSIPA is 3%, the dye uptake rate of the cationic pigment exceeds 90%, and it has color affinity and excellent color fastness.

Synthesis and Characterization of C/ZnO Nanocomposite: Adsorption Isotherm of a Reactive Green from Aqueous Solutions

The study demonstrates that Nanocomposite activated Carbone decorated zinc oxide is indeed viable, cost effective adsorbent materials for the adsorptive removal of Reactive Green (RG) dye from polluted wastewater with over 90% removal dye. The adsorption of RG dye onto decorated carbon ZnO nanoparticle was found to be highly dependent on equilibrium time, initial RG dye concentration, adsorbent mass and. The quantity of RG dye uptake (mgg-1) was found to rise through increase in primary dye concentration. Percent removal of RG dye was found to increase with increase in contact time, adsorbent amount. The data indicated that the model Freundlich gave a better fit to the experimental result than the model Langmuir with high correlation coefficients (R2 = 0.964). This suggests that multi-layer adsorption occurs which is in agreement with the best applicability of the isotherm Freundlich.

Heritage ethnographic objects – antimicrobial effects of chitosan treatment

Chitosan is a natural polymer, which presents, according to studies made up to present, low toxicity and goodbiocompatibility. Recent studies are focused not only on its antimicrobial effects on textiles, because this polysaccharideleads to improvements such as: shrink resistance, dye uptake etc. Two Romanian traditional shirts were non-invasively tested by applying Chitosan and by investigating the SEM images,before and after applying the chitosan. The paper underlines the surface modifications of tested textiles using chitosan.The odd agents on the fibres surfaces were removed and the limitation of the number of microorganisms was observed

Ultrasonic dyeing of wool fabric with aqueous extract of Ratanjot (Onosma echioides) natural dye

The purpose of this study is to compare the conventional and ultrasonic dyeing methods in terms of its colour strength and colour fastness properties of wool fabric dyed with Ratanjot root. The results suggested that dyeing of wool fabric with natural dye Ratanjot (Onosma echioides) using ultrasonic waves, significantly improved the dye uptake percentage to 12.31 per cent from conventional heating methods. The fastness grade were found to be higher with ultrasonic than conventional heating. Additionally, the fabric dyed using ultrasonic waves gave a deeper shade and good colour intensity even at lower dyeing time (75min) and temperature (60°C). Therefore, ultrasound wave represents a promising technique for increasing diffusion of dye by the effect of cavitation, as well as for improving the effectiveness of processes when compared to conventional heating

Micro-Dosing of Indocyanine Green for Intraoperative Fluorescence Cholangiography

Background: Surgery involving the biliary tree is common but has the potential for serious complications. Adjuncts such as intraoperative cholangiogram and, more recently, indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence cholangiography, have been used to more accurately define the relevant anatomy and decrease the risk of common bile duct injury. The optimal ICG dose is unknown, but the most commonly cited dose in the literature is 2.5 mg. We describe our experience using micro-dosing of ICG as proof-of-concept for its successful use in the identification of biliary structures. Methods: A video library from a variety of hepatobiliary surgeries which included micro-dosing of ICG was compiled between 2018 and 2020. These videos were retrospectively reviewed and graded for the degree of visualization of biliary structures (complete, partial, none) and the degree of background liver fluorescence (significant, moderate, minimal). Results: Overall, 40 videos were reviewed; 70% were minimally invasive cholecystectomies. Micro-dosing was used in all patients; complete visualization was achieved in 52.5% of the patients, partial visualization in 40%, and no visualization in 7.6%. Eighty percent of patients had minimal to moderate background fluorescence. Despite ICG micro-dosing, 20% of the patients still had significant liver dye uptake. Conclusion: ICG cholangiography is an alternative to more invasive means of intraoperative imaging during biliary surgery, but the optimal dose of ICG is unknown. We have used a 0.05 mg micro-dose of ICG to successfully visualize biliary structures and reduce background liver fluorescence. This preliminary report can be used to develop further studies into whether micro-dosing of ICG is associated with improved clinical outcomes.

Danegaptide Prevents TGFβ1-Induced Damage in Human Proximal Tubule Epithelial Cells of the Kidney

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem associated with a number of comorbidities. Recent evidence implicates increased hemichannel-mediated release of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the progression of tubulointerstitial fibrosis, the main underlying pathology of CKD. Here, we evaluate the effect of danegaptide on blocking hemichannel-mediated changes in the expression and function of proteins associated with disease progression in tubular epithelial kidney cells. Primary human proximal tubule epithelial cells (hPTECs) were treated with the beta1 isoform of the pro-fibrotic cytokine transforming growth factor (TGFβ1) ± danegaptide. qRT-PCR and immunoblotting confirmed mRNA and protein expression, whilst a cytokine antibody array assessed the expression/secretion of proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines. Carboxyfluorescein dye uptake and ATP biosensing measured hemichannel activity and ATP release, whilst transepithelial electrical resistance was used to assess paracellular permeability. Danegaptide negated carboxyfluorescein dye uptake and ATP release and protected against protein changes associated with tubular injury. Blocking Cx43-mediated ATP release was paralleled by partial restoration of the expression of cell cycle inhibitors, adherens and tight junction proteins and decreased paracellular permeability. Furthermore, danegaptide inhibited TGFβ1-induced changes in the expression and secretion of key adipokines, cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and interleukins. The data suggest that as a gap junction modulator and hemichannel blocker, danegaptide has potential in the future treatment of CKD.