Quantitative analysis of the development of smart cities in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-726
Author(s):  
Tanu Aggarwal ◽  
Priya Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
City Development ◽  
Test Of Independence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Smart cities are an attempt to recognize the pioneering projects designed to make the cities livable, sustainable, functional and viable. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate funding released by the government city wise and sources available for finance for the development of the smart cities. The impact of fund released by the government for the development of smart cities (Chandigarh, Karnal, Faridabad, Pune, Chennai, Ahmedabad, Kanpur, Delhi, Lucknow and Agra) in India has been studied in detail. Urbanization is a continuous process, which is taking place throughout the globe, especially in developing countries like India. Design/methodology/approach The research is descriptive in nature. The sources of funding for smart cities in India have been taken into consideration, and χ2 test of independence has been employed to study the impact of fund released by the government for smart city development in India by using IBM SPSS. Findings The total investment, area-based projects, pan-city initiatives and O&M costs for smart cities ranged between Rs 133,368 and Rs 203,979 lakh crores, Rs 105,621 and Rs 163,138 lakh crores, Rs 26,141 and Rs 38,840 lakh crores, and Rs 1,604 and Rs 1,999 lakh crores, respectively, in the year 2016 (for 60 smart cities) to 2017 (for 99 smart cities), which shows an increasing trend. The investment in retrofitting projects, redevelopment projects, greenfield projects and area-based projects ranged between Rs 94,419 and Rs 131,003 lakh crores, Rs 8,247 and Rs 23,119 lakh crores, Rs 2,955 and Rs 8,986 lakh crores, and Rs 105,621 and Rs 163,138 lakh crores, respectively, in the year 2016 (60 smart cities) to 2017 (99 smart cities), which shows the division of projects funding for smart city development in India. The funding released for smart city development such as other sources, loans from the financial institution, private investment, convergence, state government share funding and Central Government Funding ranged between Rs 14,828 and Rs 15,930 lakh crores, Rs 7,775 and Rs 9,795 lakh crores, Rs 30,858 and Rs 43,622 lakh crores, Rs 25,726 and Rs 43,088 lakh crores, Rs 27,260 and Rs 45,695 lakh crores, and Rs 29,207 and Rs 47,858 lakh crores, respectively, in the year 2016 (60 smart cities) to 2017 (99 smart cities), which reflects the different sources of funding for the development of smart cities in India. The χ2 test of independence has been applied, which shows that there is no impact of fund released by the government on cities for smart city development in India as the p-values of Chandigarh (0.213), Karnal (0.199), Faridabad (0.213), Pune (0.199), Chennai (0.213), Ahmadabad (0.199), Kanpur (0.199), Delhi (0.199), Kolkata, Lucknow (0.213) and Agra (0.199) are greater than 0.05. Research limitations/implications For the Smart Cities Mission to be financially sustainable, the right policy and institutional framework should be implemented for modernization and aggregation of government landholding. Consolidation of all the landholdings under the smart city project should be properly implemented, and the role of private sectors should be encouraged for public‒private partnership projects to make Smart City Mission more successful. Practical implications The benefits of smart cities development will help provide affordable, cleaner and greener housing infrastructure for all, especially the inclusive group of developers belonging to the lower middle-income strata of India, and the benefits will be replicated when adopted on a smaller scale in the rural part of the country. Originality/value The research paper is original and χ2 test has been used to study the impact of fund released by the government for smart city development in India.

Benchmarking of European smart cities – a maturity model and web-based self-assessment tool

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 654-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Warnecke ◽  
Rikka Wittstock ◽  
Frank Teuteberg
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Maturity Model ◽  
City Development ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Benchmarks provide a strategic tool for assessing the sustainability impacts of urban development. Addressing the need for practitioners to evaluate their initiatives, track progress and determine their competitive position, this paper aims to introduce the conception and implementation of a smart city maturity assessment and benchmarking tool. Design/methodology/approach Following a design science approach, application objectives are defined based on a review of literature and related benchmarking tools. Focusing on a subset of functions for the prototype version, these objectives are operationalized by development of a smart mobility maturity model, indicator set and survey. A two-step evaluation by means of a test run using data of five cities and expert interviews confirms the tool’s functionality. Findings Compliance with the defined objectives is achieved by implementation of a Web-based self-assessment tool using objective indicators. Future development iterations are to integrate additional smart city action fields. Practical implications Delivering a city’s maturity level, the tool enables stakeholders to measure the impact of their initiatives. Benchmarking functions for tracking progress and comparison with other projects are provided in the form of graphical analyses. Ac-tionable guidance is supplied for improving the city’s standing. Social implications Strategies supporting a sustainable lifestyle are crucial for smart city development, as the shaping of attractive living spaces and a reliable information and communication technology and physical infrastructure form major selling points for attracting skilled workers, businesses, tourists and citizens. Originality/value Enabling practitioners to self-evaluate their initiatives, providing the option to track progress and supplying guidance for improving a city’ standing, the proposed solution represents a novel form of knowledge transfer.

China will lead the world in smart city development

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
City Development ◽  
Demographic Ageing ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Care For The Elderly ◽  
The Government

Subject Smart cities in China. Significance China’s urbanisation level has reached 58%. By mid-century it will be close to the 80% seen in most developed countries. The government sees smart cities as a solution to many of the problems that could accompany this rapid urbanisation. If Chinese technology firms can develop effective technical solutions to problems such as pollution, traffic and public safety, they will be well-positioned to expand their business globally. Impacts Developed nations and close US allies will generally resist allowing Chinese tech companies to play a role in their urban infrastructure. Smart cities promise to make in-home care for the elderly easier, which would help China deal with demographic ageing. Smart cities in China will benefit from the country’s leadership in 5G. Chinese firms will gain first-mover advantage in smart city applications that rely on 5G technology, such as autonomous vehicles. Smart cities in China are likely to incorporate elements that facilitate surveillance and repression.

Successful collaboration between smart city consortium and Hong Kong Government in Covid-19 dashboard: the case of leadership in practice

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Jung Yue Chun ◽  
Wahid Abdul Nabsiah ◽  
Cheng Ling Tan
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Third Party ◽  
City Development ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Mass Collaboration ◽  
The Government

Purpose This paper aims to discover why such a public partnership project had been successful with a non-profit third-party alliance such as a smart city consortium (SCC) promoting smart city development. Design/methodology/approach This descriptive case study is primarily based on analysing data collected from various texts, public statements, media interviews and three semi-structured interviews with key members involved in the Covid-19 dashboard project. Findings The data and analysis reviews that both interpersonal and interorganisational trust, dedication and proactiveness of the leaders at SCC were major contributing factors to why SCC was able to partner with the Hong Kong Government in the Covid-19 dashboard in the first place and that the success was also a direct outcome of effective mass collaborative knowledge management activities. Research limitations/implications The research in leadership attributes and activities in the non-profit alliance has been few and this collaborative partnership between the alliance and the government is an example of the importance of further research in smart city leadership. Practical implications In deploying projects for mass collaboration and knowledge sharing in smart city development (which is multi-disciplinary in nature). there are still many new and evolving organisational practices and leadership matters that many business leaders and city managers can learn from. Social implications Smart city development projects involve the notion of sharing data in an open environment enabled by software and mediating tools. Successful projects such as this Hong Kong Covid-19 dashboard which serves a diverse audience can further promote the importance of an open data policy regime for the benefit of the public. Originality/value This case study covers a highly original and unique case study with the leaders at the SCC and representatives from the Hong Kong Government.

scholarly journals Smart City as A Tools to Achieve Sustainability City

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Helen Dian Fridayani ◽  
Rifaid Rifaid
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Smart Environment ◽  
Sustainable City ◽  
Co2 Gas ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Smart Government

Sustainable city is a city that designed by considering the impact on the environment, inhabited by population with a number and behavior that requires minimal support for energy, water and food from the outside, and produces less CO2, gas, air and water pollution. Moreover the national government envisions Indonesia2030which shallimplement the smart city towards sustainable development.Especially in Sleman Regency, the government is committed to make Sleman Regency as a Smart Regency in 2021. It could be shown in the vision of Sleman Regency which is The realization of a more prosperous Sleman community, Independent, Cultured and Integratede-governmentsystem to the Smart Regency in 2021”. This paper would like to analyze how the Sleman Regency implement the Smart city concept, and does the smart city concept can achive the sustainability city. The research uses the qualitative approach with in-deepth interview in examining the data, also the literature review. The result in this study reveals the following: firstly, from 2016-2019 Sleman regency has several applications to support the smart city implementation such as One Data of UMKM, Home Creative Sleman, Lapor Sleman app, Sleman Smart app, online tax app, e-patient, sleman emergency service, and Sleman smart room. Second, there are many elements in smart cities that are very important for smart government, smart life, smart economy, smart society, and smart environment. However, in supporting to support the realization of smart cities, not all aspects must be implemented properly to achieve a managed city, components related to smart environment cannot be implemented properly in Sleman Regency. There are still many problems regarding environmental problems such as the development of the construction of hotels and apartments that do not heed the environment, incrasing the populations, the limitations of green open space.

A City for Smart Technology Transformation

2022 ◽  
pp. 130-150
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
City Government ◽  
City Development ◽  
City Governments ◽  
Strategic Goals ◽  
The Government ◽  
Smart Technologies ◽  
Technology Transformation ◽  
The City

The main purpose of this chapter is to present how a smart city is governed, managed, and operated. It describes smart city governance and identifies the special relation the government of the city would have with the citizens as well as communities. In addition, governance considerations related to operations are described, including critical city government challenges. The second important topic in this chapter is the City-Citizens Relations highlighting urban growth, needed investments, and role of smart technologies in the city development. In addition, other issues include strategic goals of smart cities, strategic framework for city governments, and financing smart city projects.

scholarly journals A fuzzy synthetic evaluation of the challenges of smart city development in developing countries

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Omoregie Aghimien ◽  
Clinton Aigbavboa ◽  
David J. Edwards ◽  
Abdul-Majeed Mahamadu ◽  
Paul Olomolaiye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation ◽  
City Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Legal Challenges ◽  
Synthetic Evaluation

PurposeThis study presents a fuzzy synthetic evaluation of the challenges of smart city realisation in developing countries, using Nigeria as a case study. By defining and delineating the problems faced by the country, more viable directions to attaining smart city development can be achieved.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted a post-positivist philosophical stance with a deductive approach. A structured questionnaire was used to gather data from built environment professionals involved in the delivery of Nigerian public infrastructures. Six dimensions of the challenges of smart cities were identified from literature and explored. They are governance, economic, social, technological, environmental and legal issues. Data gathered were analysed using Cronbach alpha test for reliability, Shapiro-Wilks test for normality, Kruskal-Wallis H-test for consistency and fuzzy synthetic evaluation test for the synthetic evaluation of the challenges of smart city attainment.FindingsThe findings revealed that all six assessed dimensions have a significant impact on the attainment of smart cities in Nigeria. More specifically, issues relating to environmental, technological, social and legal challenges are more prominent.Originality/valueThe fuzzy synthetic approach adopted provides a clear, practical insight on the issues that need to be addressed before the smart city development can be attained within developing countries.

Smart cities and quality of life: a quantitative analysis of citizens' support for smart city development

2022 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoyu Chen ◽  
Irene Cheng Chu Chan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
City Development ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Smart Mobility ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Citizens Attitudes

PurposeThis study examined a tourism destination, Macao, a fast-progressing smart city under development, vis-à-vis a set of smart city quality of life (SCQOL) domains and verified their effects on citizens' attitudes, perceptions and support for citizen-centric smart city development (SCD).Design/methodology/approachThis study adopted a quantitative approach. In particular, a questionnaire survey was used to collect data from Macao citizens. Factor analysis was used to identify SCQOL domains, while multiple linear regression and cluster analysis were used to achieve the research objectives.FindingsThis study identified five SCQOL domains: smart environment, smart people, smart livelihood, smart economy and economic policy, and smart mobility. Each of the domains had a different influence on citizens' attitudes and support for SCD. Three citizen segments (passive, neutral and enthusiastic supporters) were identified.Practical implicationsThe five SCQOL domains, their effects on citizens' support for SCD and the three citizen segments identified can help implement the appropriate measures to enhance the target groups' SCD. The findings are also of practical value in evaluating the citizen-centric approaches on smart progress in other contexts.Originality/valueThe concept of smart technology has been widely applied to all aspects of city development. The main goal of SCD is to enhance citizens' quality of life. However, most studies have only explored smart cities and quality of life in isolation. Grounded on citizen centrality, this study contributes to the literature on SCD by proposing a new concept of SCQOL, identifying the domains constituting SCQOL and their influence on citizens' support for SCD.

Policy Recommendations on the Application of AI to the Development of Smart Cities

2021 ◽  
pp. 215-227
Author(s):  
Kangjuan Lyu ◽  
Miao Hao
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Invisible Hand ◽  
City Development ◽  
Development Mode ◽  
Equal Importance ◽  
Visible Hand ◽  
Orientation Information ◽  
The Government ◽  
Technology Orientation

Building a smart city requires maintaining “wisdom” in concept, which requires scientific top-level design to properly handle the contradiction between partial interests and overall interests. Its ultimate goal of urban development is to serve people, so equal importance should go to both construction and operation. This chapter emphasizes trading-off some relationships in smart city development, such as diversity and homogeneity, technology orientation and demand orientation, information sharing and information security, the invisible hand of the market with the visible hand of the government, etc.. Finally, it puts forward adopting the development mode that drives overall development through typical examples as a good way.

scholarly journals Smart city development projects in the Republic of Korea

R-Economy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
Young-Sang Choi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
The Other ◽  
Evolutionary Analysis ◽  
City Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One ◽  
Japan And China

Research relevance. The article discusses the experience of South Korea in the sphere of smart city projects. The study's relevance is determined, on the one hand, by the role smart cities play in the creation of the new urban living space, in enhancement of urban economy and, on the other, by the need to analyze and systematize the best practices of smart city development. Research aim. The study describes the development of the 'smart city' concept in South Korea. Smart city is understood as a complex eco-system, which, on the one hand, comprises a range of technological and socio-economic processes and, on the other, involves such actors as government, corporations, research organizations and urban communities. Data and methodology. The study relies on methods of comparative and evolutionary analysis to analyze the concept of smart city and its structure by focusing on the case of South Korea, the world's renowned ICT leader. The study also provides cross-national comparisons of the experience of other developed Asian countries (Japan and China), which, like South Korea, are actively supporting building of smart cities on the state level. Results. The study describes the main stages in the development of the smart city concept in South Korea as well as the main types of smart city projects (pilot projects, research validation projects, and city restoration projects). The study identifies problems of planning, design and implementation of smart city projects and compares the relevant experience of South Korea, Japan and China. It is shown that although smart city projects in these countries were launched in approximately the same period, each of these countries has its own approach to smart cities and ways of their development. Conclusions. The key to Korea's success in smart city development lies in large-scale direct state support, public trust in the government and the application of an integrated approach to smart city development. At the current stage, smart city services not only provide enhanced comfort to city dwellers but also create more opportunities for their personal growth.

scholarly journals Does Smart City Development Promote Urbanization in India?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabyasachi Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
City Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Effect

The recent explosion of urbanization is mainly driven by the developing countries in the world. Therefore, urban planners in less developed countries face huge pressure to create planned urbanization which includes the higher provision of infrastructure and basic public services. The part of this planned urbanization ‘smart city’ development is one of the important initiatives taken by many countries and India is one of them. In terms of the size of the urban population through India ranked the second position in the world but in terms of the percentage of the urban population, it ranks very low. Therefore, to promote the urbanization Government of India (GoI) has taken ‘Smart Cities Mission’ initiatives for 100 cities in 2015. In this context, the present chapter quantitatively assesses the impact of smart city development on the urbanization in India. Urbanization is measured by the size, density, and growth rate of the population of the smart cities. On the other hand, we use factor analysis to create infrastructure index by considering city level total road length, number of latrines, water supply capacities, number of electricity connections, hospitals, schools, colleges, universities, banks, and credit societies. OLS regression analysis suggests that infrastructure has a strong positive effect on urbanization. Therefore, the smart city mission is very much essential for the promotion of urbanization in India. Finally, we suggest that we need to have more smart cities in the future so that a higher rate of urbanization promotes higher and sustainable economic growth.

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