scholarly journals Musculoskeletal Model of an Osseointegrated Transfemoral Amputee in OpenSim

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishal Raveendranathan ◽  
Raffaella Carloni
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Model ◽  
Transfemoral Amputee

scholarly journals The Effects of External Loads and Muscle Forces on the Knee Joint Ligaments during Walking: A Musculoskeletal Model Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2356
Author(s):  
Carlo Albino Frigo ◽  
Lucia Donno
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Musculoskeletal Model ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Muscle Forces ◽  
Collateral Ligaments ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Lateral Collateral Ligaments ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscles ◽  
External Loads

A musculoskeletal model was developed to analyze the tensions of the knee joint ligaments during walking and to understand how they change with changes in the muscle forces. The model included the femur, tibia, patella and all components of cruciate and collateral ligaments, quadriceps, hamstrings and gastrocnemius muscles. Inputs to the model were the muscle forces, estimated by a static optimization approach, the external loads (ground reaction forces and moments) and the knee flexion/extension movement corresponding to natural walking. The remaining rotational and translational movements were obtained as a result of the dynamic equilibrium of forces. The validation of the model was done by comparing our results with literature data. Several simulations were carried out by sequentially removing the forces of the different muscle groups. Deactivation of the quadriceps produced a decrease of tension in the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and an increase in the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). By removing the hamstrings, the tension of ACL increased at the late swing phase, while the PCL force dropped to zero. Specific effects were observed also at the medial and lateral collateral ligaments. The removal of gastrocnemius muscles produced an increase of tension only on PCL and lateral collateral ligaments. These results demonstrate how musculoskeletal models can contribute to knowledge about complex biomechanical systems as the knee joint.

Development of an AnyBody musculoskeletal model of the Thoroughbred forelimb

2021 ◽  
pp. 103666
Author(s):  
Alienor L. Bardin ◽  
Liqiong Tang ◽  
Luca Panizzi ◽  
Chris W. Rogers ◽  
G. Robert Colborne
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Model

scholarly journals Classification of standing and sitting phases based on in-socket piezoelectric sensors in a transfemoral amputee

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawfik Yahya ◽  
Nur Azah Hamzaid ◽  
Sadeeq Ali ◽  
Farahiyah Jasni ◽  
Hanie Nadia Shasmin
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Transfemoral Amputee ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Optimal Classifier ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA transfemoral prosthesis is required to assist amputees to perform the activity of daily living (ADL). The passive prosthesis has some drawbacks such as utilization of high metabolic energy. In contrast, the active prosthesis consumes less metabolic energy and offers better performance. However, the recent active prosthesis uses surface electromyography as its sensory system which has weak signals with microvolt-level intensity and requires a lot of computation to extract features. This paper focuses on recognizing different phases of sitting and standing of a transfemoral amputee using in-socket piezoelectric-based sensors. 15 piezoelectric film sensors were embedded in the inner socket wall adjacent to the most active regions of the agonist and antagonist knee extensor and flexor muscles, i. e. region with the highest level of muscle contractions of the quadriceps and hamstring. A male transfemoral amputee wore the instrumented socket and was instructed to perform several sitting and standing phases using an armless chair. Data was collected from the 15 embedded sensors and went through signal conditioning circuits. The overlapping analysis window technique was used to segment the data using different window lengths. Fifteen time-domain and frequency-domain features were extracted and new feature sets were obtained based on the feature performance. Eight of the common pattern recognition multiclass classifiers were evaluated and compared. Regression analysis was used to investigate the impact of the number of features and the window lengths on the classifiers’ accuracies, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test significant differences in the classifiers’ performances. The classification accuracy was calculated using k-fold cross-validation method, and 20% of the data set was held out for testing the optimal classifier. The results showed that the feature set (FS-5) consisting of the root mean square (RMS) and the number of peaks (NP) achieved the highest classification accuracy in five classifiers. Support vector machine (SVM) with cubic kernel proved to be the optimal classifier, and it achieved a classification accuracy of 98.33 % using the test data set. Obtaining high classification accuracy using only two time-domain features would significantly reduce the processing time of controlling a prosthesis and eliminate substantial delay. The proposed in-socket sensors used to detect sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit movements could be further integrated with an active knee joint actuation system to produce powered assistance during energy-demanding activities such as sit-to-stand and stair climbing. In future, the system could also be used to accurately predict the intended movement based on their residual limb’s muscle and mechanical behaviour as detected by the in-socket sensory system.

scholarly journals A three-dimensional musculoskeletal model of the chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) pelvis and hind limb

2013 ◽  
Vol 216 (19) ◽  
pp. 3709-3723 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. O'Neill ◽  
L.-F. Lee ◽  
S. G. Larson ◽  
B. Demes ◽  
J. T. Stern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pan Troglodytes ◽  
Hind Limb ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Musculoskeletal Model

Tracking ankle joint movements during gait cycle via control of functional electrical stimulation

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441192110523
Author(s):  
Seyyed Arash Haghpanah ◽  
Morteza Farrokhnia ◽  
Sajjad Taghvaei ◽  
Mohammad Eghtesad ◽  
Esmaeal Ghavanloo
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Musculoskeletal Model ◽  
Pd Controller ◽  
Model Errors ◽  
Nonlinear Method ◽  
Cycle Simulation

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) is an effective method to induce muscle contraction and to improve movements in individuals with injured central nervous system. In order to develop the FES systems for an individual with gait impairment, an appropriate control strategy must be designed to accurate tracking performance. The goal of this study is to present a method for designing proportional-derivative (PD) and sliding mode controllers (SMC) for the FES applied to the musculoskeletal model of an ankle joint to track the desired movements obtained by experiments on two healthy individuals during the gait cycle. Simulation results of the developed controller on musculoskeletal model of the ankle joint illustrated that the SMC is able to track the desired movements more accurately than the PD controller and prevents oscillating patterns around the experimentally measured data. Therefore, the sliding mode as the nonlinear method is more robust in face to unmodeled dynamics and model errors and track the desired path smoothly. Also, the required control effort is smoother in SMC with respect to the PD controller because of the nonlinearity.

Construction and validation of full body musculoskeletal model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (0) ◽  
pp. J23208
Author(s):  
Takanori HORIBA ◽  
Kotaro SUZUKI ◽  
Takanori MIURA ◽  
Akira KOMATSU ◽  
Takehiro IWAMI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Model ◽  
Full Body
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