Automated Gate control with backup systems at Level Crossing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narasimha Kulkarni ◽  
Pawan Kumar Doddamani ◽  
Abheejit Chowdhary ◽  
Kavyashree S Kulkarni ◽  
Chaitra Shettar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Level Crossing ◽  
Gate Control

scholarly journals Automatic Railway Gate Control System Using RFID with High Speed Alerting System

2019 ◽  
pp. 303-306
Author(s):  
M. Florence Dayana ◽  
R. Bhuvaneshwari
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Level Crossing ◽  
Level Crossings ◽  
Major Mode ◽  
Ir Sensors ◽  
Human Labour ◽  
Alerting System ◽  
Gate Control

The main objective of this paper is to avoid the railway accidents happening at the level crossings. In India railway is the major mode of the transportations and it is the cheapest way for travelling. So there are more numbers of rail users. And it is not easy to stop railway anywhere to prevent accident or for any other reason. Due to that there are major drawbacks of that. At present manned system is available at level crossings. Hence, many accidents occur at such crossings, since there is no one to take care of the functioning of the railway gate when a train approaches the crossing. The objective of this paper is to manage the control system of railway gate using the microcontroller. This model includes IR sensors, RFID, LCD, buzzer, light led, motor driver and microcontroller PIC16F877A. In the automatic railway gate control system, at the level crossing the arrival of the train is detected by the IR sensor and RFID placed near to the gate. In case of RFID it detects only arrival of train. Hence, the time for which it is closed is less compared to the manually operated gates and reduces the human labour. As the entire system is automated errors occurring due to manual operation are prevented because the accuracy of automated operation is more than the manned operation.

scholarly journals Automatic Railway Gate Control System Using Arduino Controller

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deva Rajan
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
General Level ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Infrared Sensors ◽  
Level Crossing ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ir Sensors ◽  
Gate Control ◽  
Opening And Closing

Abstract The present work attempts to automate the opening and closing of gates at a railway level crossing. In general, level crossing gates are operated manually by a gate keeper. The gate keeper receives the information about the train arrival from a near station. When the train starts to leave the station, the station in-charge delivers this information to the closest gatekeeper to get ready. This human intervention can be avoided by automating the process. In situations where the train is late due to some reason, the gates remain closed for long durations causing dense traffic jam near the gates. This too can be prevented by automation. The proposed system uses infrared sensors to detect the arrival and departure of trains at the railway level crossing and Arduino to control the opening/closing of gates. The system uses two IR sensors to detect the arrival of the train and a third IR sensor to detect the departure of the train. When the arrival of the train is sensed, signals are provided to the traffic indicating the arrival of the train on the track. When the second sensor detects the train then the signal turns red and the motor operates to close the gate. The gate remains closed until the train completely moves away from the level cross. When the departure of the train is detected by the third sensor, the traffic signal turns green and the motor operates to open the gate. Thus automation of the gate operations at the railway level cross is achieved using sensors.

Studies of the scanning ion beam sputter-cleaned MgO crystal surface by scanning reflection electron microscopy

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 144-145
Author(s):  
H.-J. Ou ◽  
J. M. Cowley ◽  
A. A. Higgs
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Surface ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Bulk Sample ◽  
Chamber Pressure ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Detailed Surface ◽  
Gate Control ◽  
Reflection Electron Microscopy

A scanning ion gun system has been installed on the specimen preparation chamber (pressure ∼5xl0-8 torr) of the VG-HB5 STEM microscope. By using the specimen current imaging technique, it is possible to use an ion beam to sputter-clean the preferred surface region on a bulk sample. As shown in figure 1, the X-Y raster-gate control of the scanning unit for the Krato Mini-Beam I is used to minimize the beam raster area down to a 800μm x800μm square region. With beam energy of 2.5KeV, the MgO cleavage surface has been ion sputter-cleaned for less than 1 minute. The carbon film or other contaminant, introduced during the cleavage process in air, is mostly removed from the MgO crystal surfaces.The immediate SREM inspection of this as-cleaned MgO surface, within the adjacent STEM microscope, has revealed the detailed surface structures of atomic steps, which were difficult to observe on the as-cleaved MgO surfaces in the previous studies.

Resilienz, Ressourcen, Bewältigung

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (05) ◽  
pp. 355-360
Author(s):  
E. Geissner
Keyword(s):  
Pain Management ◽  
Behavioral Medicine ◽  
Chronischer Schmerz ◽  
Gate Control

ZusammenfassungChronischer Schmerz ist in der Psychologie seit rund 50 Jahren Gegenstand vertiefter wissenschaftlicher Beschäftigung: Grundlagenwissenschaftlich gilt als Startpunkt die Arbeit zur Gate-Control-Theorie im Jahr 1965 (3), anwendungsorientiert die Monografie Pain and Behavioral Medicine, 1983 (6). Auch wenn Schmerz durch psychologische Maßnahmen nicht vollends verschwindet, so sind doch wirksame Möglichkeiten bekannt, diesen substanziell in den Hintergrund zu rücken, das Leiden zu reduzieren, einen gut adaptierten Lebensvollzug wiederherzustellen. Der Resilienz-(R-)begriff entstammt der Entwicklungspsychologie und liefert für die vorliegende Thematik wertvolle Beiträge. Heutige R-Forscher betonen die Förderung von R. Dies geschieht durch wiederholte Auseinandersetzung mit Herausforderungen – hier Schmerz –, im Rahmen derer neue Fähigkeiten erworben und Belastungen gemeistert werden. Ein Assimilationsmodus (AS) ist von einem Akkommodationsmodus (AK) zu unterscheiden. AS beinhaltet die Kompensation eines verlorenen Standards durch Übungen, Techniken, Training, systematische Praxis, während AK gedanklich-emotionales Umbewerten, Akzeptanz und Relativieren früherer Standards zum Ziel hat. Gut kompatibel mit R ist der Ressourcenansatz der klinischen Psychologie. Hier werden Aktiva, Positiva und Stärken der Person fokussiert und der Defizitansatz der herkömmlichen Psychotherapie ergänzt. Mit dem Ressourcenansatz einher geht Psychotherapie bei Schmerz, wohingegen Bewältigung (Coping) eher assimilativ auf Training und Pain-Management orientiert ist. Schmerzbewältigungstrainings (ambulant, stationär) mit einer Reihe von verhaltens-, kognitiven, emotions- und körper-/bewegungsorientierten Verfahren werden abschließend erläutert.

scholarly journals Ultrasonic sensor enabled smart automated railway gate control system

2021 ◽  
Vol 1916 (1) ◽  
pp. 012137
Author(s):  
Kumar R Senthil ◽  
M Prabu ◽  
K S Rani ◽  
K Prabaakaran ◽  
Penekalapati Soniya Chowdary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Ultrasonic Sensor ◽  
Gate Control

scholarly journals Gate Control of Superconductivity in Mesoscopic All-Metallic Devices

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1243
Author(s):  
Claudio Puglia ◽  
Giorgio De Simoni ◽  
Francesco Giazotto
Keyword(s):  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Superconducting Properties ◽  
Microscopic Mechanism ◽  
Technological Potential ◽  
Half Wave ◽  
Thermal Origin ◽  
Gate Control ◽  
Titanium Wire ◽  
Field Emission Of Electrons ◽  
Gating Effect

The possibility to tune, through the application of a control gate voltage, the superconducting properties of mesoscopic devices based on Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer metals was recently demonstrated. Despite the extensive experimental evidence obtained on different materials and geometries, a description of the microscopic mechanism at the basis of such an unconventional effect has not been provided yet. This work discusses the technological potential of gate control of superconductivity in metallic superconductors and revises the experimental results, which provide information regarding a possible thermal origin of the effect: first, we review experiments performed on high-critical-temperature elemental superconductors (niobium and vanadium) and show how devices based on these materials can be exploited to realize basic electronic tools, such as a half-wave rectifier. Second, we discuss the origin of the gating effect by showing gate-driven suppression of the supercurrent in a suspended titanium wire and by providing a comparison between thermal and electric switching current probability distributions. Furthermore, we discuss the cold field-emission of electrons from the gate employing finite element simulations and compare the results with experimental data. In our view, the presented data provide a strong indication regarding the unlikelihood of the thermal origin of the gating effect.

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