Development of a three-dimensional vibration measurement system using a single laser scanning vibrometer and laser scanner

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongkyu Kim ◽  
Kyihwan Park
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Vibration Measurement ◽  
Single Laser

scholarly journals 3D MODELS OF OBJECTS IN PROCESS OF RECONSTRUCTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Radović
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Accurate Data ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Airborne Laser

Within the last years terrestrial and airborne laser scanning has become a powerful technique for fast and efficient three-dimensional data acquisition of different kinds of objects. Airborne laser system (LiDAR) collects accurate georeferenced data of extremely large areas very quickly while the terrestrial laser scanner produces dense and geometrically accurate data. The combination of these two segments of laser scanning provides different areas of application. One of the applications is in the process of reconstruction of objects. Objects recorded with laser scanning technology and transferred into the final model represent the basis for building an object as it was original. In this paper, there will be shown two case studies based on usage of airborne and terrestrial laser scanning and processing of the data collected by them.

scholarly journals On the utilization of novel spectral laser scanning for three-dimensional classification of vegetation elements

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 20170039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhan Li ◽  
Michael Schaefer ◽  
Alan Strahler ◽  
Crystal Schaaf ◽  
David Jupp
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Dual Wavelength ◽  
Wavelength Scanning ◽  
Spatial Attributes

The Dual-Wavelength Echidna Lidar (DWEL), a full waveform terrestrial laser scanner (TLS), has been used to scan a variety of forested and agricultural environments. From these scanning campaigns, we summarize the benefits and challenges given by DWEL's novel coaxial dual-wavelength scanning technology, particularly for the three-dimensional (3D) classification of vegetation elements. Simultaneous scanning at both 1064 nm and 1548 nm by DWEL instruments provides a new spectral dimension to TLS data that joins the 3D spatial dimension of lidar as an information source. Our point cloud classification algorithm explores the utilization of both spectral and spatial attributes of individual points from DWEL scans and highlights the strengths and weaknesses of each attribute domain. The spectral and spatial attributes for vegetation element classification each perform better in different parts of vegetation (canopy interior, fine branches, coarse trunks, etc.) and under different vegetation conditions (dead or live, leaf-on or leaf-off, water content, etc.). These environmental characteristics of vegetation, convolved with the lidar instrument specifications and lidar data quality, result in the actual capabilities of spectral and spatial attributes to classify vegetation elements in 3D space. The spectral and spatial information domains thus complement each other in the classification process. The joint use of both not only enhances the classification accuracy but also reduces its variance across the multiple vegetation types we have examined, highlighting the value of the DWEL as a new source of 3D spectral information. Wider deployment of the DWEL instruments is in practice currently held back by challenges in instrument development and the demands of data processing required by coaxial dual- or multi-wavelength scanning. But the simultaneous 3D acquisition of both spectral and spatial features, offered by new multispectral scanning instruments such as the DWEL, opens doors to study biophysical and biochemical properties of forested and agricultural ecosystems at more detailed scales.

scholarly journals A Model-Dependent Method for Monitoring Subtle Changes in Vegetation Height in the Boreal–Alpine Ecotone Using Bi-Temporal, Three Dimensional Point Data from Airborne Laser Scanning

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 1804
Author(s):  
Erik Næsset ◽  
Terje Gobakken ◽  
Ronald E. McRoberts
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Residual Variance ◽  
Tree Line ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Vegetation Height ◽  
Airborne Laser ◽  
Height Change

The boreal tree line is in many places expected to advance upwards into the mountains due to climate change. This study aimed to develop a general method for estimation of vegetation height change in general, and change in tree height more specifically, for small geographical domains utilizing bi-temporal airborne laser scanner (ALS) data. The domains subject to estimation may subsequently be used to monitor vegetation and tree height change with detailed temporal and geographical resolutions. A method was developed with particular focus on statistically rigorous estimators of uncertainty for change estimates. The method employed model-dependent statistical inference. The method was demonstrated in a 12 ha study site in a boreal–alpine tree line in southeastern Norway, in which 316 trees were measured on the ground in 2006 and 2012 and ALS data were acquired in two temporally coincident campaigns. The trees ranged from 0.11 m to 5.20 m in height. Average growth in height was 0.19 m. Regression models were used to predict and estimate change. By following the area-based approach, predictions were produced for every individual 2 m2 population element that tessellated the study area. Two demonstrations of the method are provided in which separate height change estimates were calculated for domains of size 1.5 ha or greater. Differences in height change estimates among such small domains illustrate how change patterns may vary over the landscape. Model-dependent mean square error estimates for the height change estimators that accounted for (1) model parameter uncertainty, (2) residual variance, and (3) residual covariance are provided. Findings suggested that the two latter sources of uncertainty could be ignored in the uncertainty analysis. The proposed estimators are likely to work well for estimation of differences in height change along a gradient of small monitoring units, like the 1.5 ha cells used for demonstration purposes, and thus may potentially be used to monitor tree line migration over time.

3D Laser Scanner and its Application in Engineering Survey

2013 ◽  
Vol 671-674 ◽  
pp. 2111-2114
Author(s):  
Yan Ping Feng ◽  
Wei Guo Li ◽  
Li Bing Yang ◽  
Yan Li Gao ◽  
Wen Bin Li
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Target Object ◽  
Scanning System ◽  
3 Dimensional ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Laser Scanning System ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

3D laser scanning system is to use laser ranging principle to record intensively the 3D coordinates, reflectivity and texture information on the surface of the target object. It makes a real record of the three-dimensional space, which makes traditional measurement be released from the limit that couldn’t be exceeded in the past, and let the measurement precision up to a new level. At the same time, it has provided extensive researches with better help than ever. This paper mainly discusses the characteristics, working principle, application and future development of the ground 3 dimensional laser scanner.

scholarly journals TRIANGULATION AND TIME-OF-FLIGHT BASED 3D DIGITISATION TECHNIQUES OF CULTURAL HERITAGE STRUCTURES

2021 ◽  
Vol XLIII-B2-2021 ◽  
pp. 825-830
Author(s):  
C. Altuntas
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
Dense Point

Abstract. This study aims to introduce triangulation and ToF measurement techniques used in three-dimensional modelling of cultural heritages. These measurement techniques are traditional photogrammetry, SfM approach, laser scanning and time-of-flight camera. The computer based approach to photogrammetric measurement that is named SfM creates dense point cloud data in a short time. It is low-cost and very easy to application. However traditional photogrammetry needs a huge effort for creating 3D wire-frame model. On the other hand active measurement techniques such as terrestrial laser scanner and time-of-flight camera have also been used in three-dimensional modelling for more than twenty years. Each one has specific accuracy and measurement effectiveness. The large or small structures have different characters, and require proper measurement configurations. In this study, after these methods are introduced, their superior and weak properties in cultural heritage modelling to make high accuracy, high density and labour and cost effective measurement.

scholarly journals High resolution digital 3D modelling of subsurface morphological structures of Koutouki Cave, Greece

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2-3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliki Konsolaki ◽  
Emmanuel Vassilakis ◽  
Leonidas Gouliotis ◽  
Georgios Kontostavlos ◽  
Vassilis Giannopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Open Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Indoor Environments ◽  
Terrain Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Measurements ◽  
Quantification Analysis

Remote sensing techniques and laser scanning technology have given us the opportunity to study indoor environments, such as caves, with their complex and unique morphology. In the presented case study, we used a handheld laser scanner for acquiring points with projected coordinate information (X, Y, Z) covering the entire show cave of Koutouki; including its hidden passages and dark corners. The point cloud covers the floor, the walls, and the roof of the cave, as well as the stalactites, stalagmites and the connected columns that constitute the decoration of the cave. The absolute and exact placement of the point cloud within a geographic reference frame gives us the opportunity for three-dimensional measurements and detailed visualization of the subsurface structures. Using open - source software, we managed to make a quantification analysis of the terrain and generated morphological and geometric features of the speleothems. We identified 55 columns by using digital terrain analysis and processed them statistically in order to correlate them to the frame of the cave development. The parameters that derived are the contours, each column height, the speleothem geometry and volume, as well as the volume of the open space cavity. We argue that by the demonstrated methodology, it is possible to identify with high accuracy and detail: the geomorphological features of a cave, an estimate of the speleogenesis, and the ability to monitor the evolution of a karstic system.Key words: cave, laser scanner, 3D representation, speleothems, SLAM.  

scholarly journals Technology of three-dimensional laser scanning of real estate objects (3D modeling) in cadastral activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (4) ◽  
pp. 042071
Author(s):  
K V Tikhonova ◽  
Yu S Solovyova ◽  
V S Geydor ◽  
D A Tikhonov
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
3D Modeling ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Real Property ◽  
State Register ◽  
Three Dimensional Representation ◽  
State Registration

Abstract Laser scanning in cadastral activities is a tool for obtaining information about real estate objects in a 3D format. The purpose of the research is to obtain information that is necessary for state cadastral registration and state registration of rights, land supervision and local government oversight. Deductive, inductive, analytical, comparative-legal and other scientific methods were used for the most complete coverage of the problem. The article considers the procedure of laser scanning, shooting modes when using laser scanning and the process of a real estate object 3D model creation. The methods of scanning were studied, namely: terrestrial, airborne and mobile. The greatest attention is paid to the advantages and features of using laser scanning technologies for real property. The results of the study showed that the laser scanner can be used not only in geodesy for engineering surveys, 3D modeling of quarries, when obtaining data on the volume of rock, during mining, assessing the situation in an emergency, but it can also be used in cadastral and complex cadastral works. The main attribute of laser scanning is a three-dimensional representation of data about the object, which can be immediately used, but the high accuracy and low labor costs are no less important. Therefore, three-dimensional laser scanning technologies can be used both in the creation of models of cities, and the unified cartographic basis of the Unified State Register of Real Estate, as well as in valuation activities during the taxation of buildings and structures.

Replica Fabrication of a Greek Paleontological Find Utilising Laser Scanning and Fused Deposition Modeling

2014 ◽  
Vol 657 ◽  
pp. 795-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasios Chatzikonstantinou ◽  
Dimitrios Tzetzis ◽  
Panagiotis Kyratsis ◽  
Nikolaos Bilalis
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling

The current work demonstrates a feasibility study on the generation of a copy, having a highly complex geometry, of a Greek paleontological find utilising reverse engineering and low-cost rapid prototyping techniques. A part of the jaw bone of a cave bear (Ursus spelaeus) that lived during the Pleistocene and became extinct about 10,000 years ago was digitized using a three-dimensional laser scanner. The resulting point-cloud of the scans was treated with a series of advanced software for the creation of surfaces and ultimately for a digital model. The generated model was three-dimensionally built by the aid of a Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) apparatus. An analytical methodology is presented revealing the step by step approach from the scanning to the prototyping. It is believed that a variety of interested parties could benefit from such an analytical approach, including, production engineers, three-dimensional CAD users and designers, paleontologists and museum curators.

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