The Effect of Air Gap on Braking Performance of Eddy Current Brakes on Electric Vehicle Braking System

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
MRA Putra ◽  
M. Nizam ◽  
DDDP. Tjahjana ◽  
HT Waloyo
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Braking System

Parameter Analysis of Electromagnetic Braking Using Fully Nested and Two Way ANOVA

2014 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 193-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Zairi Baharom ◽  
M.Z. Nuawi ◽  
Gigih Priyandoko
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Parametric Study ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Nested Anova ◽  
Significant Factors

This paper presents the statistical analysis that was used to define optimized parameter for the electromagnetic braking using eddy current study. It illustrates parametric study on four different parameters affecting the braking performance using eddy current which are air-gap, number of electromagnet turns, current induced and disc thickness. These four parameters are defined as the factors which contribute to the reduction of RPM speed as the effect. Fully nested ANOVA was used as the first analysis to determine two most significant factors to eddy current braking system. Then, two-way ANOVA was applied to clarify the most significant factors to be used as the controllable parameters in the verification study. Results from both ANOVA test shows that current induced and air-gap are the two most significant factors that affected braking using eddy current.

scholarly journals Design of eddy current brake for electric motorcycle braking system

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Mufti Reza Aulia Putra ◽  
Muhammad Nizam ◽  
Dominicus Danardono Dwi Prija Tjahjana
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Eddy Currents ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Fem Method ◽  
The Magnetic Field ◽  
Aluminum Disk

Braking systems in motor vehicles generally use a braking system that utilizes friction. The braking performance will decrease caused by using friction rapidly. To overcome this, as an alternative, an electromagnetic braking system can be used by utilizing eddy currents, such as eddy current brakes (ECB). Eddy currents are generated when the rotor pass the magnetic field of the electromagnet. The research aim is to design an ECB system. The performance of the disk design will be determined in this study. The study is about the tendency of the ECB properties. The finite element (FEM) method is used by modeling ECB performance. The experimental results were used to validate the result. The test showed the results of braking using aluminum disk showed the best performance in 12.03 Nm. From these results, the combination of the disks is needed by an appropriate disk design.

scholarly journals Mini review on the design of axial type eddy current braking technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 2198 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.T. Waloyo ◽  
Ubaidillah Ubaidillah ◽  
D.D.D.P. Tjahjana ◽  
M. Nizam ◽  
T. Koga
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Performance Improvement ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Single Disk ◽  
Electric Braking ◽  
Potential Issue

Eddy Current Brake (ECB) is a type of electric braking that uses eddy current to produce braking forces. This article delivers a solid review of the design of Axial ECB, which is very promising for an alternative braking system. Several types of axial ECB are classified and named as a single disk, double disk, and unipolar model. The classification of axial ECB is based on the design of coil placement, which induces axial area of the disk as well as the electromagnet source. A potential issue for the development of axial ECB is also discussed to explore the braking performance improvement of the axial type ECB. It was highlighted that research on how to change the direction of magnetic field vectors by changing the shape of the pole-shoe on the electromagnetic ECB in axial type has not been widely studied. Therefore, this issue would be interesting for future investigation.

Air-Gap Effect on Single Axis Vibration of Electromagnetic Braking Using Eddy Current on Bearing Cage

2014 ◽  
Vol 663 ◽  
pp. 400-405
Author(s):  
Mohamad Zairi Baharom ◽  
Mohd Zaki Nuawi ◽  
Mohammad Syuhaimi Ab-Rahman ◽  
Gigih Priyandoko ◽  
Che Ku Eddy Nizwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Current ◽  
Repulsive Force ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Gap Effect ◽  
Brake Disc ◽  
Current Experiment ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Braking Torque ◽  
Structure Test

An electromagnetic braking system using eddy current experiment was conducted to study the behaviour of the system in terms of vibration. Brake disc used which is Al6061 has a displacement in z-axis direction which occurred because of the repulsive force generated on both sides of the disc as drag force from electromagnetic braking. This study aims to analyze the vibration behaviour when braking occurred in different initial speeds of DC motor and different air-gap cases. Smaller air-gap will produce high braking torque due to the increasing of magnetic field density. The higher the force generated, the vibration of the disc may illustrates different behaviour of the vibration in the structure. Test rig was developed using sensor of accelerometer and data acquisition of NI-DAQ with the use of Dasylab for the measurement and instrumentation purposes. Findings shows that the electromagnetic braking force generated in smaller air-gap between electromagnetic poles and rotating conductive disc during the braking using eddy current has damped the vibration occur in the structure of bearing cage.

scholarly journals Car braking effectiveness after adaptation for drivers with motor dysfunctions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 617-623
Author(s):  
Adam Sowiński ◽  
Tomasz Szczepański ◽  
Grzegorz Koralewski
Keyword(s):  
Efficiency Index ◽  
Mathematical Function ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Braking System ◽  
System Adaptation ◽  
Parametric Description ◽  
Limited Power ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This article presents the results of measurements of the braking efficiency of vehicles adapted to be operated by drivers with motor dysfunctions. In such cars, the braking system is extended with an adaptive device that allows braking with the upper limb. This device applies pressure to the original brake in the car. The braking force and thus its efficiency depend on the mechanical ratio in the adapting device. In addition, braking performance depends on the sensitivity of the car’s original braking system and the maximum force that a disabled person can exert on the handbrake lever. Such a person may have limited power in the upper limbs. The force exerted by the driver can also be influenced by the position of the driver’s seat in relation to the handbrake lever. This article describes the research aimed at understanding the influence of the above-mentioned factors on the car braking performance. As a part of the analysis of the test results, a mathematical function was proposed that allows a parametric description of the braking efficiency index on the basis of data on the braking system, adaptation device, driver’s motor limitations, and the position of the driver’s seat. The information presented in this article can be used for the preliminary selection of adaptive devices to the needs of a given driver with a disability and to the vehicle construction.

scholarly journals Three-Axis Inductive Displacement Sensor Using Phase-Sensitive Digital Signal Processing for Industrial Magnetic Bearing Applications

Actuators ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Teemu Sillanpää ◽  
Alexander Smirnov ◽  
Pekko Jaatinen ◽  
Jouni Vuojolainen ◽  
Niko Nevaranta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Processing ◽  
Digital Signal Processing ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Digital Signal ◽  
Magnetic Bearing ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Sensor Design ◽  
Quadrature Demodulation ◽  
Displacement Sensors

Non-contact rotor position sensors are an essential part of control systems in magnetically suspended high-speed drives. In typical active magnetic bearing (AMB) levitated high-speed machine applications, the displacement of the rotor in the mechanical air gap is measured with commercially available eddy current-based displacement sensors. The aim of this paper is to propose a robust and compact three-dimensional position sensor that can measure the rotor displacement of an AMB system in both the radial and axial directions. The paper presents a sensor design utilizing only a single unified sensor stator and a single shared rotor mounted target piece surface to achieve the measurement of all three measurement axes. The sensor uses an inductive measuring principle to sense the air gap between the sensor stator and rotor piece, which makes it robust to surface variations of the sensing target. Combined with the sensor design, a state of the art fully digital signal processing chain utilizing synchronous in-phase and quadrature demodulation is presented. The feasibility of the proposed sensor design is verified in a closed-loop control application utilizing a 350-kW, 15,000-r/min high-speed industrial induction machine with magnetic bearing suspension. The inductive sensor provides an alternative solution to commercial eddy current displacement sensors. It meets the application requirements and has a robust construction utilizing conventional electrical steel lamination stacks and copper winding.

scholarly journals An Alternative Method for Calculating the Eddy Current Loss in the Sleeve of a Sealless Pump

Actuators ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Tomislav Strinić ◽  
Bianca Wex ◽  
Gerald Jungmayr ◽  
Thomas Stallinger ◽  
Jörg Frevert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eddy Current ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Eddy Current Loss ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Pump Impeller ◽  
Current Loss ◽  
Faraday’S Law ◽  
Transient Simulations

A sealless pump, also known as a wet rotor pump or a canned pump, requires a stationary sleeve in the air gap to protect the stator from a medium that flows around the rotor and the pump impeller. Since the sleeve is typically made from a non-magnetic electrically conductive material, the time-varying magnetic flux density in the air gap creates an eddy current loss in the sleeve. Precise assessment of this loss is crucial for the design of the pump. This paper presents a method for calculating the eddy current loss in such sleeves by using only a two-dimensional (2D) finite element method (FEM) solver. The basic idea is to use the similar structure of Ampère’s circuital law and Faraday’s law of induction to solve eddy current problems with a magnetostatic solver. The theoretical background behind the proposed method is explained and applied to the sleeve of a sealless pump. Finally, the results obtained by a 2D FEM approach are verified by three-dimensional FEM transient simulations.

Hydraulic Pressure Control and Parameter Optimization of Brake-by-Wire System Based on Driver-Automation Cooperative Driving

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohui Liu ◽  
Liangyao Yu ◽  
Sheng Zheng ◽  
Jinghu Chang ◽  
Fei Li
Keyword(s):  
Parameter Optimization ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Intelligent Vehicle ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Driving Mode ◽  
Automatic Driving ◽  
Cooperative Driving ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Wire System

The automatic driving technology of vehicle is being carried out in real road environment, however, the application of unmanned vehicle still needs proof and practice. Autonomous vehicles will be in the stage of co-drive for a long time, that is, driver-control and autonomous system assisting or autonomous system control and driver assisting. The braking system of the intelligent vehicle needs to work in driver driving mode or automatic driving mode during a long stage. Brake-by-Wire system is the development trend of vehicle braking system. The brake modes of the Brake-by-Wire system can be switched easily and it can satisfy the demand for braking system of the intelligent vehicle. However, when the driving mode changes, the characteristic of the braking intention and braking demand will change. In order to improve the braking performance of the intelligent vehicle, hydraulic pressure control and parameter optimization of the Brake-by-Wire system during different driving modes should be different. Researches are made on hydraulic pressure control and parameter optimization of the Brake-by-Wire system with consideration on differences of braking intensity input and braking requirement between driver driving mode and automatic driving mode through theory analysis, Matlab/Simulink-AMESim simulation and bench test. The study is helpful for improving the braking performance of Brake-by-Wire system in hydraulic pressure control of driver-automation cooperative driving.

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