Detection of Small Size Defects in Belt Layer of Radial Tire Based on Improved Faster R-CNN

Abstract Natural frequencies and vibrating motions are determined in terms of the material and geometric properties of a radial tire modeled as a thin ring on an elastic foundation. Experimental checks of resonant frequencies show good agreement. Forced vibration solutions obtained are shown to consist of a superposition of resonant vibrations, each rotating around the tire at a rate depending on the mode number and the tire rotational speed. Theoretical rolling speeds that are upper bounds at which standing waves occur are determined and checked experimentally. Digital Fourier transform, transfer function, and modal analysis techniques used to determine the resonant mode shapes of a radial tire reveal that antiresonances are the primary transmitters of vibration to the tire axle.

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A New Type of Precision Tire

Tire Science and Technology ◽

10.2346/1.2148806 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 200-207

Author(s):

O. B. Tretyakov

Keyword(s):

Stress Concentration ◽

Failure Rates ◽

Stress Strain ◽

Radial Tire ◽

Resonance Effects ◽

Precision Stage ◽

New Type ◽

Degree Of Order

Abstract A process is suggested for improving the rubber-cord composite in a radial tire through precision stage-by-stage molding of its parts. This starts by casting an inner elastomeric envelope of the carcass from a liquid oligomer mix. The full molding technology uses acoustic and resonance effects to optimize the degree of order of the structure and of rubber uniformity. The resultant precision tires should have a higher degree of order of both macro- and microstructure than do present commercial tires. Reduced stress concentration in locations that have high failure rates in commercial tires are considered. A new theory, CSSOT, is used for optimizing tires from results of stress-strain cycles.

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A Study on the Contour of the Radial Tire: Rolling Contour Optimization Theory — RCOT

Tire Science and Technology ◽

10.2346/1.2148779 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 3-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

K. Yamagishi ◽

M. Togashi ◽

S. Furuya ◽

K. Tsukahara ◽

N. Yoshimura

Keyword(s):

Fuel Efficiency ◽

Optimization Theory ◽

Radial Tire ◽

Braking Performance ◽

Equilibrium Profiles ◽

Natural Equilibrium

Abstract The Rolling Contour Optimization Theory (RCOT) can lead to improved steering, fuel efficiency, riding comfort, and braking performance of tires relative to those of conventional shape. The conventional shape has been guided by natural equilibrium profiles, while the RCOT technology shape is guided by that of the tire in motion. This reduces useless distortions caused by running the tire under load. The RCOT design focuses on the distribution of belt and sidewall tension in the tire. Controlling tension in the belt and carcass area while the tire is in motion was the key to creating this new tire shape.

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Evolving the Banded Radial Tire

Tire Science and Technology ◽

10.2346/1.2148778 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 30-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. G. Markow

Keyword(s):

Finite Element ◽

Wear Rate ◽

Finite Element Modeling ◽

Laboratory Tests ◽

Rolling Resistance ◽

Two Dimensional ◽

Theoretical Discussion ◽

Radial Tire ◽

Puncture Resistance ◽

Element Modeling

Abstract Development of the banded radial tire is discussed. A major contribution of this tire design is a reliable run-flat capability over distances exceeding 160 km (100 mi). Experimental tire designs and materials are considered; a brief theoretical discussion of the mechanics of operation is given based on initial two-dimensional studies and later on more complete finite element modeling. Results of laboratory tests for cornering, rolling resistance, and braking are presented. Low rolling resistance, good cornering and braking properties, and low tread wear rate along with good puncture resistance are among the advantages of the banded radial tire designs.

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A Simple Model for Cornering and Belt-edge Separation in Radial Tires

Tire Science and Technology ◽

10.2346/1.2148765 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 3-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

P. Popper ◽

C. Miller ◽

D. L. Filkin ◽

W. J. Schaffers

Keyword(s):

Simple Model ◽

Transverse Shear ◽

Mathematical Analysis ◽

Pure Bending ◽

Radial Tire ◽

Optimum Angle ◽

Shear Strains ◽

Interlaminar Shear ◽

Edge Separation ◽

Shear Bending

Abstract A mathematical analysis of radial tire cornering was performed to predict tire deflections and belt-edge separation strains. The model includes the effects of pure bending, transverse shear bending, lateral restraint of the carcass on the belt, and shear displacements between belt and carcass. It also provides a description of the key mechanisms that act during cornering. The inputs include belt and carcass cord properties, cord angle, pressure, rubber properties, and cornering force. Outputs include cornering deflections and interlaminar shear strains. Key relations found between tire parameters and responses were the optimum angle for minimum cornering deflections and its dependence on cord modulus, and the effect of cord angle and modulus on interlaminar shear strains.

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Analysis of the Contact Deformation of a Radial Tire with Camber Angle

Tire Science and Technology ◽

10.2346/1.2137494 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 26-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

S. Kagami ◽

T. Akasaka ◽

H. Shiobara ◽

A. Hasegawa

Keyword(s):

Pressure Distribution ◽

Contact Pressure ◽

Contact Region ◽

Contact Deformation ◽

Contact Pressure Distribution ◽

Radial Tire ◽

Ring Model ◽

Camber Angle ◽

Contact Free ◽

Good Agreement

Abstract The contact deformation of a radial tire with a camber angle, has been an important problem closely related to the cornering characteristics of radial tires. The analysis of this problem has been considered to be so difficult mathematically in describing the asymmetric deformation of a radial tire contacting with the roadway, that few papers have been published. In this paper, we present an analytical approach to this problem by using a spring bedded ring model consisting of sidewall spring systems in the radial, the lateral, and the circumferential directions and a spring bed of the tread rubber, together with a ring strip of the composite belt. Analytical solutions for each belt deformation in the contact and the contact-free regions are connected by appropriate boundary conditions at both ends. Galerkin's method is used for solving the additional deflection function defined in the contact region. This function plays an important role in determining the contact pressure distribution. Numerical calculations and experiments are conducted for a radial tire of 175SR14. Good agreement between the predicted and the measured results was obtained for two dimensional contact pressure distribution and the camber thrust characterized by the camber angle.

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A method for tire wet grip performance evaluation based on grounding characteristics

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part D Journal of Automobile Engineering ◽

10.1177/09544070211015880 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 095440702110158

Author(s):

Chen Liang ◽

Maoqing Shan ◽

Guolin Wang ◽

Daqian Zhu ◽

Xingpeng Chen

Keyword(s):

Pressure Distribution ◽

Contact Area ◽

Central Area ◽

Principal Component ◽

Area Ratio ◽

Width Ratio ◽

Characteristic Parameters ◽

Radial Tire ◽

Optical Test ◽

Wet Grip

The wet grip performance of tire is one of the important performances affecting vehicle safety. The steering, acceleration, and braking of the vehicle are directly affected by the grounding characteristics between the radial tire and the ground. In order to study the influence of grounding characteristics of the tire on wet grip performance, ten 205/55R16 tires produced by different manufacturers were selected and tested. The grounding characteristics of the tires were tested using an optical test rig for tire grounding pressure distribution, considering inflation pressure distribution, load and wheel alignment. The tire-road contact area was subdivided into five parts, and 69 parameters were used to describe the grounding characteristics. A software was proposed to process the test results automatically, and 69 grounding characteristic parameters of each tire were obtained. Correlation analysis on tire wet grip performance and grounding characteristics was used for selecting the principal parameters. Finally, eight grounding characteristic parameters related to tire wet grip performance was obtained. Among them are five grounding characteristic parameters (central area rectangle ratio, central area width, internal shoulder length-to-width ratio, external and internal shoulder contact area ratio, external and internal shoulder impression area ratio) which have high correlation to tire wet grip performance, and three grounding characteristic parameters (external shoulder width, external shoulder length-to-width ratio, external and internal shoulder width ratio) which have low correlation to the wet grip performance of the tire. The principal component analysis method was used to analyze the highly correlated grounding characteristic parameters, and the regression equation for evaluating tire wet grip performance was fitted. The comparison of experimental and fitted values show that the errors are within 4%. The result demonstrates that, the method for evaluating wet grip performance of the radial tire through tire-road grounding characteristics was achieved.

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