A Fast, Accurate, and Scalable Probabilistic Sample-Based Approach for Counting Swarm Size

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanlin Wang ◽  
Michael Rubenstein
Keyword(s):  
Probabilistic Sample ◽  
Swarm Size

Playful activities in the learning of geometric notions in children of initial, Callao

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Carla Marilia Ayala Valladares ◽  
Juana Maria Cruz Montero ◽  
Angel Saldarriaga Melgar
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Geometric Shapes ◽  
Geometric Figures ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Probabilistic Sample

The main purpose of the research was to determine the effects of the program of ludic activities for the learning of geometry in children of five years in all their dimensions orientation and location, geometric shapes and measurement, through its components: location in space, identify locations and positions of objects, identify and characterize geometric figures and communicate the qualities of these, likewise identify, classify magnitudes and use various measuring instruments. The type of research was applied, with a quasi-experimental design, the population was constituted by 103 children, and a non-probabilistic sample was used for convenience with a sample of 51 children, divided into two control and experimental groups. The geometry instrument was used to collect information. The favorable effect of the program of playful activities in the learning of geometric notions in children of initial - Callao, 2018 was determined.

scholarly journals Investigation of ill-defined causes of death: assessment of a program's performance in a State from the Northeastern region of Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Barboza França ◽  
Carolina Cândida da Cunha ◽  
Ana Maria Nogales Vasconcelos ◽  
Juan José Cortez Escalante ◽  
Daisy Xavier de Abreu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Completion Rate ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Hospital Records ◽  
Brazilian Government ◽  
Probabilistic Sample

OBJECTIVE: The proportion of ill-defined causes of death (IDCD) was persistently high in some regions of Brazil in 2004. In 2005, the Brazilian government implemented a project in order to decrease this proportion, especially in higher priority states and municipalities. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of this project in Alagoas - a state from the Northeast region of Brazil. METHOD: We selected a probabilistic sample of 18 municipalities. For all IDCD identified in 2010, we collected the verbal autopsy (VA) questionnaires used for home investigation, and the Ministry of Health (MoH) form, which contains information about the final disease and cause of death taken from hospital records, autopsies, family health teams, and civil registry office records. The completion rate of the MoH form and VA was calculated using the number of deaths with specific causes assigned among investigated deaths. RESULTS: A total of 681 IDCD were recorded in 2010 in the sample, of which 26% had a MoH and/or VA3 forms completed. Although the majority of cases were attended by health professionals during the terminal disease, the completion rate was 45% using the MoH form and 80% when VA was performed. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide evidence that the training of the epidemiological surveillance teams in the investigation and certification of causes of death could contribute to improve the quality of mortality data.

Power imbalance issues in athlete sponsorship versus endorsement in the context of a scandal

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 1070-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Anthony Carrillat ◽  
Alain d’Astous
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Brand Attitude ◽  
Power Imbalance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Probabilistic Sample ◽  
A Company

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to contrast athlete endorsement vs athlete sponsorship from a power imbalance perspective when a scandal strikes the athlete. Design/methodology/approach – A first study was conducted with a probabilistic sample of 252 adult consumers where the type of brand–athlete relationship (endorsement or sponsorship) and the level of congruence between the two entities (low or high) were manipulated in a mixed experimental design. A second study with a probabilistic sample of 118 adult consumers was conducted to demonstrate that consumers perceive that the balance of power between the brand and the athlete is not the same in endorsement and sponsorship situations. Findings – The results of the first study showed that when an athlete is in the midst of a scandal, the negative impact on the associated brand is stronger in the case of an endorsement than in the case of a sponsorship. However, this occurs only when the brand–athlete relationship is congruent. The results of the second study showed that the athlete’s power relative to the brand is greater in an endorsement than in a sponsorship context. Research limitations/implications – The findings suggest that a company that worries about the possibility that the athlete with whom it wants to build a relationship be eventually associated with some negative event (e.g. a scandal) should consider sponsorship rather than endorsement as a strategy. Originality/value – This study is the first to compare the athlete endorsement and sponsorship strategies in general and the first to put forward the notion of power imbalance in brand–athlete partnerships, its impact on how the two entities are represented in consumers’ memory networks and the consequences on brand attitude when the athlete is associated with a negative event.

scholarly journals Dating Violence Victimization among Adolescents in Europe: Baseline Results from the Lights4Violence Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1414
Author(s):  
Carmen Vives-Cases ◽  
Belén Sanz-Barbero ◽  
Alba Ayala ◽  
Vanesa Pérez-Martínez ◽  
Miriam Sánchez-SanSegundo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dating Violence ◽  
Parental Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hostile Sexism ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
School Programs ◽  
Probabilistic Sample ◽  
Socioeconomic Risk ◽  
Main Factor

Dating violence (DV) among adolescents is a public health issue because of its negative health consequences. In this study, we aimed to analyse the prevalence and the psychosocial and socioeconomic risk and protective factors associated DV among male and female adolescents in Europe. It was performed a cross-sectional study based on a non-probabilistic sample of 1555 students aged 13–16 years (2018–2019). The global prevalence of DV victimization was significantly greater among girls than boys (girls: 34.1%, boys: 26.7%; p = 0.012). The prevalence of DV in both girls and boys was greater for those over age 15 (girls: 48.5% p < 0.001; boys: 35.9%; p = 0.019). There was an increased likelihood of DV victimization among girls whose fathers did not have paid employment (p = 0.024), who suffered abuse in childhood, and reported higher Benevolent Sexism [PR (CI 95%): 1.01 (1.00–1.03)] and machismo [1.02 (1.00–1.05)]. In the case of boys, the likelihood of DV increased with abuse in childhood (p = 0.018), lower parental support [0.97 (0.96–0.99)], high hostile sexism scores (p = 0.019), lower acceptance of violence (p = 0.009) and high machismo (p < 0.001). Abuse in childhood was shown to be the main factor associated with being a victim of DV in both population groups, as well as sexism and machismo attitudes. These results may contribute to future DV prevention school programs for both, teenagers and children of elementary school ages.

Effect of swarm size parameter on Binary Particle Swarm optimization-based NARX structure selection

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihsan Mohd Yassin ◽  
Mohd Nasir Taib ◽  
Ramli Adnan ◽  
Mohd Khairul Mohd Salleh ◽  
Mustafar Kamal Hamzah
Keyword(s):  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Particle Swarm ◽  
Binary Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Size Parameter ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Structure Selection ◽  
Swarm Size

scholarly journals Direct cost of connecting, maintaining and disconnecting patient-controlled analgesia pump

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Áquila Lopes Gouvêa ◽  
Antônio Fernandes Costa Lima
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Patient Controlled Analgesia ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Effective Decision ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Effective Decision Making ◽  
Cost Of Materials ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Probabilistic Sample

Quantitative research that aimed to identify the mean total cost (MTC) of connecting, maintaining and disconnecting patient-controlled analgesia pump (PCA) in the management of pain. The non-probabilistic sample corresponded to the observation of 81 procedures in 17 units of the Central Institute of the Clinics Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo. We calculated the MTC multiplying by the time spent by nurses at a unit cost of direct labor, adding the cost of materials and medications/solutions. The MTC of connecting was R$ 107.91; maintenance R$ 110.55 and disconnecting R$ 4.94. The results found will subsidize discussions about the need to transfer money from the Unified Health System to hospitals units that perform this technique of analgesic therapy and it will contribute to the cost management aimed at making efficient and effective decision-making in the allocation of available resources.

Brazilian women’s entrepreneurial profile and intention

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Viveiros de Castro Krakauer ◽  
Gustavo Hermínio Salati Marcondes de Moraes ◽  
Roberto Coda ◽  
Davi de França Berne
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
International Studies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Robust Model ◽  
Behavioural Profile ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
Probabilistic Sample ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The paper aims to investigate the existence of typical preferred behaviours that might characterize Brazilian women’s entrepreneurial profile and whether this profile influences their motivation to undertake a venture. Design/methodology/approach Following the evolution of the literature on women entrepreneurship, the study criticizes the rational view that conceives entrepreneurship as a universal phenomenon and immune to gender. A quantitative approach based on multivariate data analysis (structural equation modelling) was applied to a sample of 418 women entrepreneurs with regard to six hypotheses associated with a specifically conceived conceptual model. Findings The behavioural categories tested in the model that most influence Brazilian women’s entrepreneurial profile are planning, identifying opportunities, sociability and leadership, corroborating the results of other international studies. Behaviours connected with persistence did not correlate to Brazilian women’s entrepreneurial profile. The hypothesis that women’s entrepreneurial profile positively influences their entrepreneurial intention was confirmed. Research limitations/implications As the study is based on an intentional, non-probabilistic sample, further research needs to be conducted using other forms of sampling, extending the findings to other contexts internationally and to other Brazilian regions. Practical implications Women can perceive whether their behavioural profile is suited to embracing entrepreneurship challenges, helping them to make effective career choices. Originality/value The study provides a robust model with high explanatory value. It contributes to the women’s entrepreneurship literature from the perspective of a Latin American developing country, offering valuable insights regarding the impact of entrepreneurial behavioural profile on women’s entrepreneurial activities.

scholarly journals Housework Division and Perceived Fairness: The Importance of Comparison Referents

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renzo Carriero ◽  
Lorenzo Todesco
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Previous Literature ◽  
Perceived Fairness ◽  
Italian Context ◽  
Probabilistic Sample ◽  
Vignette Analysis

A long-standing theoretical tradition underlines the importance of comparison referents for fairness evaluation, i.e., people, experiences and expectations that individuals choose to compare with their own situation. However, few studies on perceived fairness of housework division have measured and tested comparison referents, partly because of the lack of suitable data. Moreover, findings were sometimes mixed because small convenience samples were used. Previous literature also neglected the distortive effects of self-serving bias in the choice of referents. This study, conducted in an Italian context, seeks to overcome these limitations by using a probabilistic sample and two different designs: a survey data analysis and an experimental-vignette technique which avoids the distortions of self-serving bias. The survey's findings reveal that the effects of comparison referents are strong and in line with expectations, though limited to the domestic behavior of male referents. Moreover, unfavorable comparisons have a stronger effect on perceived fairness than favorable ones. The vignette analysis indicates that comparison referents affect perceived housework fairness even if the effect of self-serving bias is controlled for.

scholarly journals Occupational conditions and the risk of the use of amphetamines by truck drivers

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lúcio Garcia de Oliveira ◽  
Letícia Maria de Araújo de Souza ◽  
Lúcia Pereira Barroso ◽  
Marcela Júlio César Gouvêa ◽  
Carlos Vinícius Dias de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Application Of Law ◽  
Amphetamine Use ◽  
Probabilistic Sample ◽  
Night Shifts

OBJECTIVE To test whether the occupational conditions of professional truck drivers are associated with amphetamine use after demographic characteristics and ones regarding mental health and drug use are controlled for.METHODS Cross-sectional study, with a non-probabilistic sample of 684 male truck drivers, which was collected in three highways in Sao Paulo between years 2012 and 2013. Demographic and occupational information was collected, as well as data on drug use and mental health (sleep quality, emotional stress, and psychiatric disorders). A logistic regression model was developed to identify factors associated with amphetamine use. Odds ratio (OR; 95%CI) was defined as the measure for association. The significance level was established as p < 0.05.RESULTS The studied sample was found to have an average age of 36.7 (SD = 7.8) years, as well as low education (8.6 [SD = 2.3] years); 29.0% of drivers reported having used amphetamines within the twelve months prior to their interviews. After demographic and occupational variables had been controlled for, the factors which indicated amphetamine use among truck drivers were the following: being younger than 38 years (OR = 3.69), having spent less than nine years at school (OR = 1.76), being autonomous (OR = 1.65), working night shifts or irregular schedules (OR = 2.05), working over 12 hours daily (OR = 2.14), and drinking alcohol (OR = 1.74).CONCLUSIONS Occupational aspects are closely related to amphetamine use among truck drivers, which reinforces the importance of closely following the application of law (Resting Act (“Lei do Descanso”); Law 12,619/2012) which regulates the workload and hours of those professionals. Our results show the need for increased strictness on the trade and prescription of amphetamines in Brazil.

scholarly journals Relationship between doctors and patients in the end of life process in palliative care and dysthanasia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-205
Author(s):  
Cynthia De Freitas Melo ◽  
Maria Rannielly de Araujo Lima Magalhães ◽  
Liza Maria Studart de Meneses ◽  
Railda Sabino Fernandes Alves ◽  
Ana Cristina Eberhardt Lins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Doctor Patient Relationship ◽  
Life Process ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Choice ◽  
Probabilistic Sample ◽  
Descriptive Survey

Introduction: In the course of an illness, when the patient receives a poor prognosis, he can be assisted with dysthanasia or palliative care. The therapeutic choice and the adherence to it are related, among other factors, to the quality of the doctor-patient relationship. The objective of this study was to evaluate the patients’ point of view of the doctor-patient relationship in the end of life process, and compare scores between patients in palliative care and those experiencing dysthanasia. Method: The design was a descriptive survey with a non-probabilistic sample composed of 234 patients with cancer in the end of life process: 117 in palliative care and 117 expriencing dysthanasia. Two instruments were used: a biodemographic questionnaire and the Questionnaire for Assessing the Doctor-Patient Relationship in the End of Life Process, and data were analyzed using descriptive and bivariate statistics in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software. Results: The results showed good evaluations of the doctor-patient relationship. Palliative care patients attributed better scores in terms of time dedicated, attention, confidence, understanding and communication; and patients experiencing dysthanasia made better assessments in terms of frequency of visits and continuity of care. Conclusion: It is concluded that this study represents an advance in studies on the subject and indicates that patients in palliative care perceive the doctor-patient relationship more positively than patients undergoing dysthanasia. It stressed that it is necessary to invest in training medical students and professionals to carry out interventions that prioritize the use of their oldest, simplest and most powerful technology: the relationship between professionals and patients.

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