scholarly journals Occupational conditions and the risk of the use of amphetamines by truck drivers

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lúcio Garcia de Oliveira ◽  
Letícia Maria de Araújo de Souza ◽  
Lúcia Pereira Barroso ◽  
Marcela Júlio César Gouvêa ◽  
Carlos Vinícius Dias de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Application Of Law ◽  
Amphetamine Use ◽  
Probabilistic Sample ◽  
Night Shifts

OBJECTIVE To test whether the occupational conditions of professional truck drivers are associated with amphetamine use after demographic characteristics and ones regarding mental health and drug use are controlled for.METHODS Cross-sectional study, with a non-probabilistic sample of 684 male truck drivers, which was collected in three highways in Sao Paulo between years 2012 and 2013. Demographic and occupational information was collected, as well as data on drug use and mental health (sleep quality, emotional stress, and psychiatric disorders). A logistic regression model was developed to identify factors associated with amphetamine use. Odds ratio (OR; 95%CI) was defined as the measure for association. The significance level was established as p < 0.05.RESULTS The studied sample was found to have an average age of 36.7 (SD = 7.8) years, as well as low education (8.6 [SD = 2.3] years); 29.0% of drivers reported having used amphetamines within the twelve months prior to their interviews. After demographic and occupational variables had been controlled for, the factors which indicated amphetamine use among truck drivers were the following: being younger than 38 years (OR = 3.69), having spent less than nine years at school (OR = 1.76), being autonomous (OR = 1.65), working night shifts or irregular schedules (OR = 2.05), working over 12 hours daily (OR = 2.14), and drinking alcohol (OR = 1.74).CONCLUSIONS Occupational aspects are closely related to amphetamine use among truck drivers, which reinforces the importance of closely following the application of law (Resting Act (“Lei do Descanso”); Law 12,619/2012) which regulates the workload and hours of those professionals. Our results show the need for increased strictness on the trade and prescription of amphetamines in Brazil.

scholarly journals Brazilian’s frequency of anxiety, depression and stress symptoms in the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 413-419
Author(s):  
Leopoldo Nelson Fernandes Barbosa ◽  
Monica Cristina Batista de Melo ◽  
Maria do Carmo Vieira da Cunha ◽  
Eliane Nóbrega Albuquerque ◽  
Juliana Monteiro Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mental Health Symptom ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Stepwise Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anxiety Depression

Abstract Objectives: to analyze the frequency of anxiety, stress and depression in Brazilians during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Methods: cross-sectional study conducted with Brazilians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data collection was performed via an online electronic form containing self-reported sociodemographic and mental health variables using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) using the snow-ball sampling technique. For the whole study, a significance level of 0.05 was considered, except for the application of the stepwise method, which considered a level of 0.2. Results: 1,775 people responded the survey, mostly women (78.07%), white (58.13%), single (45.78%), currently working (63.74%). 32.03% received psychotherapy or some type of emotional support before the pandemic, 19.03% had some psychiatric diagnosis and 8.49% started some support after the beginning of the pandemic. The mean scores investigated by the DASS-21 scale were 5.53869 for depression, 4.467334 for anxiety and 8.221202 for stress. Conclusions: during the COVID-19 pandemic, sociodemographic and mental health characteristics were mapped and in Brazilians and the symptoms of anxiety, depression and stress were identified mainly in women, single people, who did not currently work and already had some previous mental health symptom.

scholarly journals Association for combined exposure to job strain, shift work on mental health among Chinese railway workers: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e037544
Author(s):  
Yu Jiang ◽  
Chuancheng Wu ◽  
Tianqi Hu ◽  
Meilong Chen ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Railway Workers ◽  
Night Shifts

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess the effects of coexposure to job strain and shift work on mental health in railway workers.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingOne Railway Bureau Group in China.ParticipantsA total of 1270 front-line railway workers.Outcome measuresThe Symptom Checklist-90-Revised questionnaire was used to measure general mental health. Job strain variables were derived from the Job Content Questionnaire. Based on the records of the work schedule 3 months prior to the survey, the following three shift types were identified: fixed day, fixed night and rotating night shifts. Risks associated with mental health were assessed by carrying out logistic regression analysis which was adjusted for age, job tenure, smoking and exercise. Additionally, a crossover analysis was employed for the combined effects.ResultsHigh levels of job strain were linked to a higher risk of poor mental health (OR=1.53, 95% CI: 1.10 to 2.11). After adjusting for confounding factors, night shifts and rotating night shifts were significant risk factors for mental health (OR=2.21, 95% CI: 1.60 to 3.07; OR=2.36, 95% CI: 1.73 to 3.22). Compared with participants who experienced a low level of job strain and day shifts, those with a high level of job strain and who worked rotating shifts were at the highest risk of poor mental health (OR=4.68, 95% CI: 2.91 to 8.04), whereas the influence of a low level of job strain and rotating night shifts was not statistically significant.ConclusionJob strain and night shifts among workers were associated, both independently and in combination, with an increased risk of poor mental health. Our data suggest that job strain contributes to the risk of poor mental health by means of a combined effect with shift work.

scholarly journals Opioid analgesic administration in patients with suspected drug use

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 626-632
Author(s):  
Maria Clara Giorio Dutra Kreling ◽  
Cibele Andrucioli de Mattos-Pimenta
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Opioid Analgesic ◽  
Prevalence Ratio ◽  
Opioid Analgesics ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Opioid Administration ◽  
Nursing Professionals

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the prevalence of patients suspected of drug use according to the nursing professionals' judgement, and compare the behavior of these professionals in opioid administration when there is or there is no suspicion that patient is a drug user. Method: A cross-sectional study with 507 patients and 199 nursing professionals responsible for administering drugs to these patients. The Chi-Square test, Fisher's Exact and a significance level of 5% were used for the analyzes. Results: The prevalence of suspected patients was 6.7%. The prevalence ratio of administration of opioid analgesics 'if necessary' is twice higher among patients suspected of drug use compared to patients not suspected of drug use (p = 0.037). Conclusion: The prevalence of patients suspected of drug use was similar to that of studies performed in emergency departments. Patients suspected of drug use receive more opioids than patients not suspected of drug use.

scholarly journals Association between physical activity practice and food consumption in school teenagers

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Nunes Pereira Oliva ◽  
◽  
Anne Christine Alves Pereira ◽  
Ana Clara Veloso Campos de Quadros Godinho ◽  
Isaac Brandão Bittencourt Magalhães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Probabilistic Sample

Adolescence is a period of transition, marked by habits that can influence the health of individuals in the long run. This study aimed to analyze the association between physical activity and food consumption in adolescents. This is a cross-sectional study with a probabilistic sample of 1.570 school adolescents from Montes Claros, MG, Brazil. The level of physical activity and consumption of fruits, vegetables, sweets, and soda/soft drinks was analyzed. Logistic regression was performed (significance level 5%). Among adolescents, 80.8% were classified as not active and practiced physical activity for at least 60 minutes in less than five days a week. In relation to food, 85.2% and 34.3% of adolescents reported consuming legumes and fruits less than three times a week, respectively. Consumption five times a week or more of treats was 64.1% and soft drinks 90.3%. Those who consumed fruit three times a week or less were 40% more likely to be less active. Those who consumed soda more than five times a week were twice as likely to be little active. Low levels of physical activity were associated with consumption of fruit less than or equal to three times a week and soft drinks greater than five times a week. There is a need to encourage the promotion of healthy lifestyle habits regarding the practice of physical activity and food consumption among adolescents, in school and family contexts.

scholarly journals Demographic and cardiovascular risk factors associated with drug use in truck drivers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Moura Pereira ◽  
Antonio Padua Mansur ◽  
Julio Yoshio Takada ◽  
Vilma Leyton
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Drug Users ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: The irregular routine of truck drivers favors the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), especially cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which can be exacerbated by the use of illicit drugs.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with data from 2,071 truck drivers who traveled through the state of São Paulo between 2010 and 2016. Socioeconomic and occupational variables and risk factors for CVD were associated with drug use. Clinical and toxicological tests were also carried out.Results: The average age of the truck drivers was 42.27 ± 11.07 years, and the use of illicit drugs, at least once while working, was reported or detected in 388 (18.7%) drivers. Compared to non-users, drug users were younger (37.25 ± 9.45 vs. 43.43 ± 11.1 years; p <0.001) and single (43.3% vs. 28.4%; p <0.001). The independent variables age [OR = 0.93 (95% CI: 0.91 - 0.95; p<0.001)], smoking [OR = 2.18 (95% CI: 1.39 - 3.44; p = 0.001)], alcohol consumption [OR = 1.626 (95% CI: 1.06 - 2.49; p = 0.026)] and hours of driving per day [OR = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01 - 1.15; p = 0.012)] were also associated with the use of illicit drugs.Conclusion: The use of illicit drugs was higher in young and single drivers and was associated with a higher prevalence of smoking, alcohol consumption and more driving hours, which are risk factors for NCDs, CVD and traffic accidents.

Evaluation of Drug Use Based on WHO Prescribing Indicator in Mizan- Tepi University Teaching Hospital, south Western Ethiopia: A Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Hambisa ◽  
Rediet Feleke ◽  
Ameha Zewudie ◽  
Mohammed Yimam
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hospital Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Organization

Background:: Rational drug use comprises aspects of prescribing, dispensing and patient use of medicines for different health problems. This study is aimed to assess drug prescribing practice based on the world health organization prescribing indicators in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. Methods:: An institutional based retrospective cross sectional study was conducted to evaluate prescribing practices in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. Data were collected based on World health organization drug use indicators using prescription papers. 600 prescriptions dispensed through the general outpatient pharmacy of the hospital were collected by systematic random sampling method from prescriptions written for a 1-year time in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. Results:: The present study found that the average number of drugs per prescription was 2.04 ± 0.87 in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital with a range between 1 and 5. Prescribing by generic name was 97.6 % and 47.8% of prescriptions contained antibiotics in the hospital. 27.7% of prescriptions contained at least one injectable medication in Mizan-Tepi University teaching hospital. From prescribed drugs, 96.7% of them were prescribed from Ethiopian essential drug list. Conclusion:: Present study indicated that the average number of drugs prescribed per encounter, the percentage of generic prescribing and prescribing from the EDL were close to optimal value. However, the percentage of encounters with antibiotics and injections prescribed were found be very high. Thus, the study highlights some improvements in prescribing habits, particularly by focusing on the inappropriate consumption of antibiotics and injections.

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